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@ARTICLE{,
  author = {A.M. Elnashar, M. EL-Dien Ibrahim, M.M. Eldesoky, O.M. Aly, M. El-Sayd
	Mohamed Hassan},
  title = {Sexual abuse experienced by married Egyptian women},
  journal = {International Journal of Gynecology \& Obstetrics, Volume 99, Issue
	3, December 2007, Pages 216-220},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {99},
  pages = {216-220},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não presença do resumo e não mencão de métodos computacionais},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{1390320,
  author = {Jose Abdelnour-Nocera and Lynne Dunckley},
  title = {Sociotechnical research and knowledge communication in community\&\#45;centred
	systems design\&\#58; a technological frames perspective},
  journal = {Int. J. Web Based Communities},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {476--490},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {An application of the concept of technological frames is presented
	as a way to understand the co-configuration of people, culture and
	technology. It shows how technological frames can be used to solve
	the problems that arise when the producers of a system come from
	a very different cultural and technological environment from the
	intended users of the system. This concept is proposed as an analysis
	framework whose purpose is twofold: to be used in the evaluation
	of how the context and local culture shape the utility and usability
	of interactive systems, both in their development and also once they
	are deployed to their actual contexts of use and to understand the
	dynamics of technical and interpersonal communication in communities
	of practice. This is illustrated with a case study about the ongoing
	research in the participative development of Information and Communications
	Technology (ICT) artefacts for a wireless and web based knowledge
	based system for Kenyan farming communities.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJWBC.2008.019551},
  issn = {1477-8394},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não menção aos níveis de alfabetização dos usuários}
}

@ARTICLE{137038,
  author = {Karen L. Acerson},
  title = {WordPerfect 5.1: the complete reference},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1991},
  address = {Berkeley, CA, USA},
  isbn = {0-07-881634-3},
  publisher = {Osborne/McGraw-Hill},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de abstract na página}
}

@ARTICLE{596873,
  author = {Alison Adam},
  title = {Deleting the Subject: A Feminist Reading of Epistemology in Artificial
	Intelligence},
  journal = {Minds Mach.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {231--253},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {This paper argues that AI follows classical versions of epistemology
	in assuming that the identity of the knowing subject is not important.
	In other words this serves to `delete the subject'. This disguises
	an implicit hierarchy of knowers involved in the representation of
	knowledge in AI which privileges the perspective of those who design
	and build the systems over alternative perspectives. The privileged
	position reflects Western, professional masculinity. Alternative
	perspectives, denied a voice, belong to less powerful groups including
	women. Feminist epistemology can be used to approach this from new
	directions, in particular, to show how women's knowledge may be left
	out of consideration by AI's focus on masculine subjects. The paper
	uncovers the tacitly assumed Western professional male subjects in
	two flagship AI systems, Cyc and Soar.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008306015799},
  issn = {0924-6495},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não menção do nível de escolaridade dos usuários (apenas
	menção ao nível de conhecimento).}
}

@ARTICLE{595193,
  author = {Alison Adam and Helen Richardson},
  title = {Feminist Philosophy and Information Systems},
  journal = {Information Systems Frontiers},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {143--154},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {This paper offers a new approach to the philosophical foundations
	of information systems (IS) through feminist philosophy and, in particular,
	feminist epistemology. This can be used to expose the universalizing
	tendency of many information systems and to show the importance of
	using real-life complex examples rather than the simplified examples
	often favored by philosophers. Within traditional epistemology and
	its relation to IS, subjectivity, the propositional/skills distinction
	and epistemic hierarchies are subject to arguments from feminist
	epistemology. With respect to the emerging critical school of IS,
	feminist epistemology, and within that, feminist standpoint theory,
	are used to examine the complexities of the positivist/anti-positivist
	position and the related concept of emancipation. In addition, it
	is argued that the liberal version of emancipation encapsulated in
	such systems may have an effect opposite to that of emancipation
	These issues are illustrated in an existing expert systems project.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011487221497},
  issn = {1387-3326},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de informações a respeito
	do nível de alfabetização dos usuários.}
}

@CONFERENCE{1341336,
  author = {Sheetal Agarwal and Dipanjan Chakraborty and Swati Challa and Nandakishore
	Kambhatla and Arun Kumar and Sougata Mukherjea and Amit Anil Nanavati
	and Nitendra Rajput},
  title = {Pyr.mea.IT: permeating IT towards the base of the pyramid},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {42},
  number = {1},
  pages = {108--109},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  abstract = {Most of the existing IT applications are designed to cater to a small
	fraction of the human population. The precluded set consists of more
	than a billion people who either cannot afford a PC and Internet
	or are not skilled enough to be able to use them. However, the IT
	needs of this segment is similar in nature and perhaps more crucial
	than that of the current user segment. Designing systems for these
	underprivileged people poses several technological challenges: Due
	to low literacy levels the user interface has to be radically simplified,
	and the user devices have to be affordable. These and other requirements
	motivate a shift of complexity and computation from end-user devices
	to the network, tremendously increasing the expectations from the
	infrastructure. In this paper, we present an overview of technology
	developed and solutions built under Pyr.mea.IT project towards enabling
	IT for the masses.},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1341312.1341336},
  issn = {0163-5980},
  journal = {SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por tratar de desenvolvimento de interfaces para as
	massas, mencionando o termo low literacy.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de desenvolvimento de interfaces para as
	massas, mencionando o termo low literacy.}
}

@ARTICLE{1367687,
  author = {Sheetal Agarwal and Arun Kumar and Amit Anil Nanavati and Nitendra
	Rajput},
  title = {VoiKiosk: increasing reachability of kiosks in developing regions},
  journal = {WWW '08: Proceeding of the 17th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1123--1124},
  abstract = {One of the several initiatives to bridge the digital divide in developing
	countries has been the deployment of information kiosks or knowledge
	centers in villages in rural parts of the country. These kiosks provide
	services ranging from email, chat and browsing to distance education
	programs, agricultural services and eGovernance services. A kiosk
	typically comprises of a computer with printer, web cam, multimedia
	system and Internet connectivity and is owned by a local entrepreneur.
	Moving away from the PC based kiosk model, we present an alternative
	platform to create and host such information kiosks in the telephony
	network. We call these as VoiKiosks and they are accessible through
	voice interaction over an ordinary phone call.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1367497.1367687},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-085-2},
  location = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de conteúdo no abstract referente
	ao nível de alfabetização dos usuários
	
	AAAS tratar de inclusão digital embora naum mencione nada a respeito
	do nível de alfabetização.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1367755,
  author = {Sheetal K. Agarwal and Arun Kumar and Sougata Mukherjea and Amit
	A. Nanavati and Nitendra Rajput},
  title = {Information "uptrieval": exploring models for content assimilation
	and aggregation for developing regions},
  journal = {WWW '08: Proceeding of the 17th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1257--1258},
  abstract = {Information Retrieval on the WWW is important because it is hard to
	find what one is looking for. There is a plethora of information
	available, and searching relevant information is a challenge. In
	the case of developing regions, we have the opposite problem: 1)
	Information availability of global markets is scarce. Most of the
	consumers and producers (of information as well as goods) are relegated
	to local markets in geographical vicinity. In order to reach wider
	markets, it is important for this local information to reach wider
	audiences. (Local information for global consumption LIG model).
	(2) At the same time, locally relevant information, such as delays
	in bus/train timings, mobile medical van schedule changes, electricity
	outage timings, is not easily available either. (Local information
	for local consumption LIL model). We introduce the term Information
	Uptrieval to address the reverse problem of acquiring, assimilating,
	aggregating and uploading global and local information that is relevant
	for developing regions to a platform that improves the reach of the
	information. While the WWW is an obvious example of one such platform,
	given the low internet penetration in such regions, we need to explore
	effective alternatives. Several innovative, but disconnected approaches
	have been attempted to address the information uptrieval problem,
	ranging from the use of DVDs (eSagu, http://www.esagu.in/esagu) through
	the use of wireless stations on motorcycles (First Mile Solutions,
	http://www.firstmilesolutions.com). Many of these have met with reasonable
	success in their pilot deployments.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1367497.1367755},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-085-2},
  location = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de níveis de alfabetização
	dos usuários.
	
	AAAS tratar de tema de inclusão digital nos países em desenvolvimento.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1282071,
  author = {Bipin B. Agravat},
  title = {Interactive gaming tools, to acquire mouse control for illiterate
	and people with disability},
  journal = {SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 educators program},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {29},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1282040.1282071},
  location = {San Diego, California},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado por ter sido mapeado 2 vezes pelas ferramentas de busca}
}

@ARTICLE{1282071,
  author = {Bipin B. Agravat},
  title = {Interactive gaming tools, to acquire mouse control for illiterate
	and people with disability},
  journal = {SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 educators program},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {29},
  abstract = {India is home to one-third the world's non-literate. First step to
	introduce them with computer, user interface etc, is very necessary
	that they should have skill to relate the mouse movement with the
	work of the button and click or double click.
	
	
	To teach them the computer, interactive kiosk or any other issue is
	very tough for the instructed as well for the learner for the first
	time. Main problem we encounter is mouse control, synchronization
	of the mouse on physical level and correspondence to the cursory
	moment of the virtual world say per example screen.
	
	
	There is a dire need of the software an interactive technique, which
	can help to solve the problem at hand, make the illiterate and person
	with disability to grasp the skills necessary to learn first mouse
	control before going ahead. Also the Game or interface should be
	simple, effective and enjoyable experience for the users, unlike,
	complicated, boring and hard to understand the mouse moments, click
	etc.
	
	
	At our lab, we have begun using a interactive game or method for mouse
	control, we have found it very easy to teach the mass the first step
	towards the digital generation.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1282040.1282071},
  location = {San Diego, California},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).}
}

@ARTICLE{Akan2006,
  author = {Akan, K.D. and Farrell, S.P. and Zerull, L.M. and Mahone, I.H. and
	Guerlain, S.},
  title = {eScreening: Developing an Electronic Screening Tool for Rural Primary
	Care},
  journal = {Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium, 2006 IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {212-215},
  month = {April },
  abstract = {The Rural Health Care Research Center at the University of Virginia,
	School of Nursing, conducted a pilot study to develop a computer-based
	electronic screening tool that screens for alcohol abuse and depression
	among rural patients in a primary care setting. The eScreening tool
	provides a graphical user interface with audio outputs for users
	who may be functionally or computer illiterate. The interface is
	a macromedia flash movie shown on a Web site. A database automatically
	and anonymously records the screening data. Two phases of user-testing
	for a prototype of the eScreening tool were conducted in June and
	July 2005. Future work on the eScreening tool entails expanding administrative
	controls, including screenings for other disorders, and providing
	a Spanish version},
  doi = {10.1109/SIEDS.2006.278678},
  keywords = {graphical user interfaces, health care, patient careWeb site, alcohol
	abuse, computer-based electronic screening tool, graphical user interface,
	macromedia flash movie, rural patients, rural primary care},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construcao de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos funcionais ou computacionais.
	
	
	AAAP
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construcao de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos funcionais ou computacionais.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1297163,
  author = {Michael J. Albers},
  title = {Information salience and interpreting information},
  journal = {SIGDOC '07: Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM international conference
	on Design of communication},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {80--86},
  abstract = {The information available for many situations often causes information
	overload. To help prevent this overload, the designer and writer
	need to carefully consider the issues of what are the most salient
	information elements for the reader and what can be done to queue
	the reader that this is the most salient information.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1297144.1297163},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-588-5},
  location = {El Paso, Texas, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract do nível de alfabetização
	dos usuários.}
}

@ARTICLE{1026546,
  author = {Michael J. Albers},
  title = {Signal to noise ratio of information in documentation},
  journal = {SIGDOC '04: Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference
	on Design of communication},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {41--44},
  abstract = {The signal to noise ratio is a common concept in radio communications
	and electronic communication in general. For a radio, the static
	is the noise. Too much static and the storm report gets drowned out,
	or at least you must listen closely to understand the announcer.
	Unfortunately, information designers do not posses a clear cut set
	of techniques available to electrical engineers. For information
	systems, taking the raw data in a system and deciding what is signal
	and what is noise proves to be extremely difficult. This paper will
	examine how the concept of signal to noise ratio can be applied to
	documentation. It will consider how the need to address different
	tasks and audience forces compromises on the writer to meet those
	different needs, when each audience has different definitions of
	which information constitutes signal and which constitutes noise.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1026533.1026546},
  isbn = {1-58113-809-1},
  location = {Memphis, Tennessee, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract dos níveis de alfabetização
	dos usuarios.}
}

@ARTICLE{584956,
  author = {Michael J. Albers},
  title = {Design of complex information},
  journal = {SIGDOC '02: Proceedings of the 20th annual international conference
	on Computer documentation},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {1--9},
  abstract = {This paper addresses the issues surrounding analysis and design which
	supports developing web-based information for use in situations which
	require supporting multiple levels of audience knowledge and ability.
	Firmly focused on communicating information, it addresses the analysis
	and design of information content requirements for systems that assemble
	customized information; a communication possibility that has only
	recently become possible on a practical scale. It develops a five
	element model (situation, user, user goals, information needs, system).
	It builds an argument stressing the need to analyze and design for
	user goals and information needs within the situational context in
	order to maximize communication with the user.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/584955.584956},
  isbn = {1-58113-543-2},
  location = {Toronto, Ontario, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de informações referentes
	ao nível de alfabetização dos usuários.}
}

@ARTICLE{1145679,
  author = {PM Alexander and LJ Phahlamohlaka},
  title = {Information flows for meaningful implementation of the promotion
	of administrative justice act of South Africa},
  journal = {SAICSIT '05: Proceedings of the 2005 annual research conference of
	the South African institute of computer scientists and information
	technologists on IT research in developing countries},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {29--37},
  abstract = {The Promotion of Administrative Justice Act of South Africa (AJA)
	requires administrators to provide those who have been negatively
	affected by a decision with reasonable explanations if these are
	requested. Fair and accountable administration is identified as a
	basic constitutional right in South Africa. However, ensuring that
	state departments can provide information on request to even remote
	and poorly resourced citizens is a major undertaking and, other than
	taking grievances to court, it is difficult to initiate, respond
	to and monitor the process. The information flows pose the most significant
	challenges. An investigation is underway into how rural Communities
	can use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to access
	this right. Sen's Capabilities Approach is used to relate the role
	of ICT to an expansion of the capabilities of individuals and communities,
	which translates into them acquiring genuine options to access their
	constitutional right. The research has already involved interviewing
	representatives from a number of groups. This was done to identify
	the possible information flows, end-user requirements and social
	and individual constraints. The paper proposes an information flow
	incorporating facilitators and a 'clearing house' in addition to
	the citizens and administrators.},
  address = {, Republic of South Africa},
  isbn = {1-59593-258-5},
  location = {White River, South Africa},
  publisher = {South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de informações referentes
	ao nível de alfabetização dos usuários.
	
	AAAS embroa descreva a interação com usuários com baixo grau de conhecimento.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1326576,
  author = {Muneeb Ali and Koen Langendoen},
  title = {TinyPC: enabling low-cost internet access in developing regions},
  journal = {NSDR '07: Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for
	developing regions},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1--6},
  abstract = {Benefits of the Internet and communication technologies are limited
	to the world's "first-world" population. Cost factors, low literacy,
	and limited access to power and bandwidth in developing regions prohibit
	Internet access for potential developing-world users. Apart from
	limited communication infrastructure (telephone lines, ISPs, 802.11
	long-distance links, etc.) a fundamental road-block in providing
	Internet access to developing-world users is the lack of affordable
	end-user computing devices. Most previous attempts to develop inexpensive
	computing devices were commercial failures as they were unable to
	keep the retail costs low. In this paper we present the design of
	TinyPC - a low-cost computing device specifically aimed at providing
	basic Internet access (web browsing, email) to developing-world users.
	TinyPC is inspired by recent advances in embedded networked systems
	(like sensor networks) and we show that, even today, with TinyPC
	it is possible to connect a developing-world user to the Internet
	in price ranges well below $100.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1326571.1326576},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-787-2},
  location = {Kyoto, Japan},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 trata do assundo de analfabetismo, no entanto faz mais menção
	a construção de uma interface de hardware, com foco no custo do equipamento.
	
	
	DDD2 pelo fato de não focar o desenvolvimento de interfaces}
}

@ARTICLE{1104627,
  author = {Jonathon Allen},
  title = {Designing desirability in an augmentative and alternative communication
	device},
  journal = {Univers. Access Inf. Soc.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {135--145},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {This paper discusses work carried in the context of a study addressing
	the design and development of a wearable communication aid for people
	who are illiterate and cannot speak. People with such disabilities
	often depend on electronic augmentative and alternative communication
	devices for interpersonal communication. A central theme of the paper,
	however, is that such products, and products intended for people
	with disabilities more generally, have characteristics that inadequately
	attend to users’ needs—in particular many devices pay insufficient
	regard to the psychological and sociological impact the devices have
	upon their users. The paper briefly discusses an empirical case study
	targeted to design and develop the Portland Communication Aid (PCA).
	The process of establishing user requirements, and in particular
	the notion of designer-facilitated participatory design, is discussed.
	The resulting prototype of the PCA is briefly explained along with
	a discussion of the importance of product semantics in the design
	of assistive technology.},
  address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10209-005-0117-2},
  issn = {1615-5289},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  review = {AAA1 descrição de interface computacional (embora hardware) para indivíduos
	analfabetos (illiterate)
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por promover a descrição de interface computacional
	(embora hardware) para indivíduos analfabetos (illiterate)}
}

@ARTICLE{353140,
  author = {Kwang-Tat Ang and James Y. L. Thong and Chee-Sing Yap},
  title = {IT implementation through the lens of organizational learning: a
	case study of insuror},
  journal = {ICIS '97: Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference
	on Information systems},
  year = {1997},
  pages = {331--348},
  address = {Atlanta, GA, USA},
  isbn = {ICIS1997-X},
  location = {Atlanta, Georgia, United States},
  publisher = {Association for Information Systems},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de abstract na página da onde foi
	extraído}
}

@ARTICLE{Arias-Torres2006,
  author = {Dante Arias-Torres},
  title = {The Design and Evaluation of a Pen-Based Computer Interface for Novice
	Older Users},
  journal = {Computer Science, 2006. ENC '06. Seventh Mexican International Conference
	on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {142-150},
  month = {Sept. },
  abstract = {The population of older people is growing rapidly worldwide, so it
	is necessary for all governments to provide them more services in
	order to improve their quality of life. In a digital era, most of
	these services can be provided by information technologies. However,
	older people have a very limited computer use due to economical,
	physical, sensory and cognitive barriers. In addition, few efforts
	have been dedicated to the design of specialized computer interfaces
	for them despite the fact that they have computer interaction problems
	with the WIMP standard (windows, icons, menus, and pointers). Recently,
	some researchers have shown that older people have a better computer
	interaction with the use of direct-manipulation devices such as digital
	pens than with indirect-manipulation devices such as the mouse. This
	research goes one step further, proposing and analyzing a pen-based
	interface for older people in order to explore the usability of gesture
	paradigm for them},
  doi = {10.1109/ENC.2006.34},
  issn = {1550-4069},
  keywords = {graphical user interfaces, human factors, interactive devicesWIMP
	standard, computer interaction problems, digital pens, direct-manipulation
	devices, indirect-manipulation devices, information technologies,
	pen-based computer interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de informações referentes
	ao nível de alfabetização dos usuários.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1300659,
  author = {Jonathan Arnowitz},
  title = {\<interactions\> 2005---2007: a look back},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {5--9},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1300655.1300659},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de abstract no sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1273963,
  author = {Jonathan Arnowitz and Elizabeth Dykstra-Erickson},
  title = {In this issue},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {4},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1273961.1273963},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de abstract no sistema de busca}
}

@ARTICLE{1041289,
  author = {Jonathan Arnowitz and Elizabeth Dykstra-Erickson},
  title = {Not ready for prime-time voting},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {11--11},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1041280.1041289},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação de abstract no sistema.}
}

@ARTICLE{Ashry2000,
  author = {Ashry, N.Y. and Taylor, W.A.},
  title = {Requirements analysis as innovation diffusion: a proposed requirements
	analysis strategy for the development of an integrated hospital information
	support system},
  journal = {System Sciences, 2000. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International
	Conference on},
  year = {2000},
  pages = { 10 pp.-},
  month = {Jan.},
  abstract = {The paper addresses one of the the challenges that must be overcome
	before IT can achieve its potential in the health care field, namely
	designing systems that meet user needs while reflecting a continuously
	changing organisational environment. The authors proceed by establishing
	a link between innovation diffusion theory and the requirements analysis
	stage of systems development and discussing how the absence of such
	a link might explain the frequent failure of available requirements
	determination strategies. The Grounded Theory approach is examined
	next as a possible requirements analysis strategy and its limitations
	are identified. Preliminary results are presented for seventeen interviews
	from one of the hospital sites. The paper concludes by outlining
	specific plans for the empirical evaluation of the proposed approach
	and posing some guiding questions for future research.},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { bibliographies, health care, medical information systems, systems
	analysis Grounded Theory approach, IT, continuously changing organisational
	environment, health care field, hospital sites, innovation diffusion,
	innovation diffusion theory, integrated hospital information support
	systems design, requirements analysis, requirements analysis stage,
	requirements determination strategies, systems development, user
	needs},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 Denied por não apresentação no abstract de informações referentes
	ao nível de alfabetização dos usuários.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1383868,
  author = {Sofia Aslanidou and George Menexes},
  title = {Youth and the Internet: Uses and practices in the home},
  journal = {Comput. Educ.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {1375--1391},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {The aim of the present research was to examine the relationship between
	Greek young people aged 12-18 and the Internet through their patterns
	of Internet use in the home. A particular objective of the study
	was the investigation of the possible effects of social stratification,
	gender and age on their domestic Internet use. A sample of 418 high
	school students selected from 17 schools in four Greek cities completed
	a structured self-reported questionnaire primarily concerned with
	Internet use (frequency, purpose and behaviour patterns) at home
	and the types of the parental supervision. The research was carried
	out during the period 2004-2005. The main findings of the study were
	the following: (a) Internet access remains at a very low level and
	is insufficiently used for school purposes, (b) younger students
	(aged 12-15 years) use it more frequently than older ones for information
	seeking concerning school work, (c) the Internet is an indicator
	of social and economic stratification since most young people with
	access to it come from family environments with a higher educational
	and socioeconomic background and live in urban and semi urban areas,
	(d) boys make up the majority of systematic users, mainly for entertainment
	purposes, (e) the Internet is a place and space safeguarding the
	''privacy'' of young people with the majority of them preferring
	to surf alone, (f) parental supervision and monitoring seems to be
	absent largely from the relationship between youth and the Internet,
	and (g) in general, the frequency and type of Internet use are not
	significantly affected by students' places of residence or the educational
	level and profession of their parents.},
  address = {Oxford, UK, UK},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.12.003},
  issn = {0360-1315},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Ltd.},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1090795,
  author = {Olle B\"{a}lter and Olov Engwall and Anne-Marie \"{O}ster and Hedvig
	Kjellstr\"{o}m},
  title = {Wizard-of-Oz test of ARTUR: a computer-based speech training system
	with articulation correction},
  journal = {Assets '05: Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference
	on Computers and accessibility},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {36--43},
  abstract = {This study has been performed in order to test the human-machine interface
	of a computer-based speech training aid named ARTUR with the main
	feature that it can give suggestions on how to improve articulation.
	Two user groups were involved: three children aged 9-14 with extensive
	experience of speech training, and three children aged 6. All children
	had general language disorders.The study indicates that the present
	interface is usable without prior training or instructions, even
	for the younger children, although it needs some improvement to fit
	illiterate children. The granularity of the mesh that classifies
	mispronunciations was satisfactory, but can be developed further.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1090785.1090795},
  isbn = {1-59593-159-7},
  location = {Baltimore, MD, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).}
}

@ARTICLE{1276312,
  author = {Anil Bahuman and Chaitra Bahuman and Malati Baru and Subhasri Duttagupta
	and Krithi Ramamritham},
  title = {Developmental informatics at IIT Bombay},
  journal = {SIGMOD Rec.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {47--53},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {IIT Bombay's Developmental Informatics Lab is a cross disciplinary
	group consisting of 6 faculty, 30 research staff and several students.
	The lab is working towards increasing access to information -- through
	the use of internet and communication technologies -- to communities
	in the developing world especially rural and small town India. The
	lab is supported by Indian Government funding sources as well as
	corporate and multi-lateral agencies to solve technical problems
	in local communities in sustainable ways. This paper focuses on two
	mature projects of the lab -- one caters to Indian farmers while
	another helps with the education of tribal populations.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1276301.1276312},
  issn = {0163-5808},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract do artigo.}
}

@ARTICLE{Bainbridge2004,
  author = {Bainbridge, D. and Witten, I.H.},
  title = {Greenstone digital library software: current research},
  journal = {Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference
	on},
  year = {2004},
  pages = { 416-},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {The Greenstone digital library software (www.greenstone.org) provides
	a flexible way of organizing information and publishing it on the
	Internet or removable media such as CDROM. Its aim is to empower
	users, particularly in universities, libraries and other public service
	institutions, to build their own digital libraries. It is open-source
	software, issued under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
	It is produced by the New Zealand Digital Library Project at the
	University of Waikato, and developed and distributed in cooperation
	with UNESCO and the Human Info NGO.},
  doi = {10.1109/JCDL.2004.1336220},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { digital libraries, information retrieval systems, public domain software,
	public libraries Greenstone digital library software, information
	retrieval, open-source software},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{996483,
  author = {David Bainbridge and Ian H. Witten},
  title = {Greenstone digital library software: current research},
  journal = {JCDL '04: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on
	Digital libraries},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {416--416},
  abstract = {The Greenstone digital library software (www.greenstone.org)provides
	a flexible way of organizing information and publishing it on the
	Internet or removable media such as CDROM. Its aim is to empower
	users, particularly in universities, libraries and other public service
	institutions, to build their own digital libraries. It is open-source
	software, issued under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
	It isproduced by the New Zealand Digital Library Project atthe University
	of Waikato, and developed and distributed incooperation with UNESCO
	and the Human Info NGO.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/996350.996483},
  isbn = {1-58113-832-6},
  location = {Tuscon, AZ, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Bali2002,
  author = {Bali, K. and Hariharan, R. and Manohar, S. and Vinay, V. and Vivek,
	K.S.},
  title = {Language technology solutions in Simputer: an overview},
  journal = {Language Engineering Conference, 2002. Proceedings},
  year = {2002},
  pages = { 189-196},
  month = {Dec.},
  abstract = {Simputer is a low-cost multilingual, mass access handheld device that
	uses Indian language user interfaces to provide information technology
	based services to the multilingual population of India. We discuss
	the language technology components of Simputer that help realize
	this experience. The architecture and detailed working of multilingual
	text rendering and display as well as multilingual text-to-speech
	systems, in particular the IML browser and Dhvani ITS engine, deployed
	in the Simputer are outlined.},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { natural language interfaces, rendering (computer graphics), speech
	synthesis Dhvani ITS engine, IML browser, Indian language user interfaces,
	Simputer, architecture, language technology components, low-cost
	multilingual mass access handheld device, multilingual text display,
	multilingual text rendering, multilingual text-to-speech systems},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Barthel1995,
  author = {Barthel, B.},
  title = {Information access for visually impaired persons: do we still keep
	a “document” in “documentation”?},
  journal = {Professional Communication Conference, 1995. IPCC '95 Proceedings.
	Smooth sailing to the Future., IEEE International},
  year = {1995},
  pages = {62-66},
  month = {Sep},
  abstract = {At the same time that global economies and multimedia technologies
	provide impetus for increasingly visual communication, the information
	needs of persons with limited vision may require communication to
	shift from graphics back to text, or on to audio or tactile forms.
	To understand documentation issues related to this shift, one must
	understand the varied forms of visual impairment, available assistive
	technologies, and the resultant design considerations. Efforts to
	prepare more effective materials for visually impaired users may
	yield “universal design” benefits by identifying and reducing sources
	of confusion for all users},
  doi = {10.1109/IPCC.1995.554859},
  keywords = { handicapped aids assistive technologies, documentation issues, global
	economies, information access, multimedia technologies, universal
	design, visual impairment, visually impaired persons},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1289675,
  author = {Genevieve Bassellier and Blaize Horner Reich and Izak Benbasat},
  title = {Information Technology Competence of Business Managers: A Definition
	and Research Model},
  journal = {J. Manage. Inf. Syst.},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {159--182},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {This research explores the concept of the information technology (IT)
	competence of business managers, defined as the set of IT-related
	explicit and tacit knowledge that a business manager possesses that
	enables him or her to exhibit IT leadership in his or her area of
	business. A manager's knowledge of technologies, applications, systems
	development, and management of IT form his or her explicit IT knowledge.
	This domain further extends to include knowing who knows what, which
	enables the manager to leverage the knowledge of others. Tacit IT
	knowledge is conceptualized as a combination of experience and cognition.
	Experience relates to personal computing, IT projects, and overall
	management of IT. Cognition refers to two mental models: the manager’s
	process view and his or her vision for the role of IT. The outcomes
	expected from IT-competent business managers are chiefly two behaviors:
	an increased willingness to form partnerships with IT people and
	an increased propensity to lead and participate in IT projects.},
  address = {Armonk, NY, USA},
  issn = {0742-1222},
  publisher = {M. E. Sharpe, Inc.},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Bastani2008,
  author = {Bastani, S. and Fazel-Zarandi, M.},
  title = {The Effect of Internet Usage on Interpersonal Relationships: A Case
	Study},
  journal = {Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Proceedings of
	the 41st Annual},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {61-61},
  month = {Jan.},
  abstract = {The Internet has become the fastest growing electronic technology
	in world history. The rapid evolution of any technology naturally
	raises questions about both its potential benefits and possible negative
	consequences. One of the main issues of concern is the effect Internet
	is having on interpersonal relationships. This paper investigates
	the influence of the Internet on social connections among Internet
	users in Iran. The results show that the Internet has not decreased
	users' social contacts. Principal components analysis and the k-
	means clustering technique are applied to unearth the common patterns
	that exist in the dataset. Our findings show that gender is one of
	the main factors in distinguishing among users based on the type
	of their social contacts.},
  doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2008.434},
  issn = {1530-1605},
  keywords = {Internet, pattern clustering, principal component analysis, social
	aspects of automationInternet usage, dataset pattern, interpersonal
	relationship, k-means clustering technique, principal components
	analysis, social contacts},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1035578,
  author = {Shirley Ann Becker},
  title = {A study of web usability for older adults seeking online health resources},
  journal = {ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {387--406},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {The Web offers older adult users immediate access to health resources
	that might not otherwise be available. Older adult users, however,
	may encounter Web barriers associated with normal aging and lower
	education. The National Institute on Aging Web guidelines were used
	to assess the usability of 125 Web sites offering health resources.
	Performance, translation, and reading complexity were also assessed.
	Results showed that many of the sampled sites were not senior-friendly.
	Only 12&percnt; of the sites offered a Spanish version, many containing
	nontranslated text. Approximately a third of sampled sites required
	a college education to comprehend extracted health information.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1035575.1035578},
  issn = {1073-0516},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 survey de avaliação de usabilidade de sites para adultos. Avaliação
	do nível de complexidade dos textos lidos.*****
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitador por apresentar um survey de avaliação de usabilidade
	de sites para adultos com baixo níveis de educação (lower education).
	Avaliação do nível de complexidade dos textos lidos.}
}

@ARTICLE{976301,
  author = {Helmut Berger and Michael Dittenbach and Dieter Merkl},
  title = {An adaptive information retrieval system based on associative networks},
  journal = {APCCM '04: Proceedings of the first Asian-Pacific conference on Conceptual
	modelling},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {27--36},
  abstract = {In this paper we present a multilingual information retrieval system
	that provides access to Tourism information by exploiting the intuitiveness
	of natural language. In particular, we describe the knowledge representation
	model underlying the information retrieval system. This knowledge
	representation approach is based on associative networks and allows
	the definition of semantic relationships between domain-intrinsic
	information items. The network structure is used to define weighted
	associations between information items and augments the system with
	a fuzzy search strategy. This particular search strategy is performed
	by a constrained spreading activation algorithm that implements information
	retrieval on associative networks. Strictly speaking, we take the
	relatedness of terms into account and show, how this fuzzy search
	strategy yields beneficial results and, moreover, determines highly
	associated matches to users' queries. Thus, the combination of the
	associative network and the constrained spreading activation approach
	constitutes a search algorithm that evaluates the relatedness of
	terms and, therefore, provides a means for implicit query expansion.},
  address = {Darlinghurst, Australia, Australia},
  location = {Dunedin, New Zealand},
  publisher = {Australian Computer Society, Inc.},
  review = {DDD negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{22009,
  author = {Michael J. Berry and Roland H. Pesch},
  title = {Style and literacy in APL},
  journal = {APL '86: Proceedings of the international conference on APL},
  year = {1986},
  pages = {1--5},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/22415.22009},
  isbn = {0-901865-35-4},
  location = {Mancheester, United Kingdom},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado pela má organização do abstract, abstract grande demais.
	
	
	DDDD}
}

@ARTICLE{22009,
  author = {Michael J. Berry and Roland H. Pesch},
  title = {Style and literacy in APL},
  journal = {SIGAPL APL Quote Quad},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {1--5},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/22008.22009},
  issn = {0163-6006},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado pela má organização do abstract, abstract grande demais.}
}

@ARTICLE{22009,
  author = {Michael J. Berry and Roland H. Pesch},
  title = {Style and literacy in APL},
  journal = {APL '86: Proceedings of the international conference on APL},
  year = {1986},
  pages = {1--5},
  abstract = {… then the strut changed to the restless walk of a caged madman, then
	he whirled, and to a clash of cymbals in the orchestra and a cry
	of terror (perhaps faked) in the gallery, Mascodagama turned over
	in the air and stood on his head. —Nabokov, Ada “See me jump,” said
	Dick. “Oh, my! This is fun. Come and jump. Come and do what I do.”
	—Gray et al., The New Fun with Dick and Jane There is a persistent
	belief in the APL community, reflecting perhaps some of the prejudice
	against APL outside that community, that “good style” in APL involves
	writing very short statements, using as few primitives as possible
	in each. It is easy enough to find an example in a discussion of
	APL in a general computing magazine: Mathematicians and engineers
	love APL for its conciseness and power, but there's quite a price
	to pay: APL programs are almost unreadable. It's very easy to write
	a single-line program that would take an average APL programmer a
	good fifteen minutes to figure out. … Typically, good APL programmers
	write one line of comment for every line of code and try to keep
	their program lines short. [1] Such opinions don't spring forth full-grown
	from the forehead of Zeus; they have their origins in the APL community
	(where else would an author, who does have his objective facts about
	APL straight, go for information about APL?). For example, a recent
	issue of APL Quote Quad carried a “Style Guide” for functions submitted
	to the journal, including this: “VERTICAL: Write each function vertically
	with several short lines, rather than horizontally with long lines”
	[2]. Another example: an otherwise admirable document on APL programming
	standards, circulated in the San Francisco area, contains an appendix
	that introduces two functions by saying “The following are two functions
	which do the same thing. The first is a one liner which is pornographic.
	The second uses the same code but broken down into more readable
	pieces.” [3] We will examine those two functions later in this paper.
	First, let's explore this belief. Short function lines seem to be
	a crucial point. That must mean, for example, that it should be considered
	better to write S←+&ohgr; C←p&ohgr; Z←S÷C than Z←(+/&ohgr;)÷p&ohgr;
	to calculate an average. The justification is that the short statements
	are easier to read. This claim has gone unexamined for far too long.
	We will consider it from two perspectives: In what way is a multiplicity
	of short statements easier to read than a single, longer one? For
	whom is this style in general easier to read? The first question
	is no doubt easy to answer. After all, if there's only one primitive
	(and assignment) in an expression, there can't be too much doubt
	about what that expression does, right? In C←&ohgr; above, for instance,
	C is clearly the number of elements in &ohgr; Whereas in a longer,
	more complicated expression, we might be daunted by the large number
	of funny squiggles, and never notice the p &ohgr; buried in there
	somewhere. But does this really get us much farther in finding out
	what's going on? We're calculating an average, after all—there are
	two other statements involved. Let's see: the first statement, S←+/&ohgr;
	is just as easy: we're adding up the elements in \Gw. Oh, and giving
	them the name S. Hope that's not too complicated, two things at once;
	pity we couldn't break it up further. Only one to go. Well, Z←S÷C
	is quite easy. Nothing to it either. We're dividing S by C, of course.
	But, wait— what was it we were doing? Let's see, S was a sum, and
	C was, hold on a minute while we check, a count, that's right. So
	we're dividing the sum of things in &ohgr; by the number of things
	in &ohgr;— of course, this must be an average. There, we're done.
	Easy, wasn't it? Go ahead, laugh. We know, you don't have trouble
	keeping three statements straight in your head. But when you're done
	laughing, think about the general claim in the light of this example.
	While breaking up a line into short segments does indeed produce
	a program whose lines are easier to read than the original, that
	isn't the appropriate unit of comparison: the lines in the fragmented
	version do nothing of interest. Comparing the two programs is more
	interesting— and here, the shoe is on the other foot. The fragmentation
	of thought, and the introduction of extra names into the calculation,
	makes it harder to keep track of what's going on, because to determine
	the meaning of the final result you must be aware of definitions
	that exist only in the immediate context, whereas in the brief and
	obvious (+/&ohgr;)÷p&ohgr; everything is out where you can see it,
	and no reference is necessary to other parts of the expression. Consider
	again the example paraphrased into English: Instructions for computing
	an average (Version 1) Add up a bunch of numbers and divide by how
	many you had. Instructions for computing an average (Version 2) Add
	up @@@@ bunch of numbers, and call the result “Ess”. Count the numbers
	you added up, and call the result “Cee”. Divide Ess by Cee. But why
	stop here? English is an even richer language than APL; it can probably
	provide even, ah, clearer versions of the instructions: Instructions
	for computing an average (Version 3) Some instructions follow. The
	instructions are about to begin. You have a list of numbers. Reserve
	a spot called “Ess” to put sums in. Put a zero in Ess. Is there at
	least one number in the list? If not, go to step 12. Name the first
	number in the list “Ex”. Add Ex and Ess, and call the result “Ess”
	now. Remove the first number from the list. Go back to step 6. …
	We think we'll spare you (not to mention ourselves) the rest. Actually
	we took some liberties there; that could be a lot clearer yet. So.
	Of versions 1, 2, and 3 of the Instructions, which do you think needs
	comments most? Maybe there are people who disagree, but our own feeling
	is that we'd definitely need to accompany 3 with some descriptive
	text (suppose we hadn't said what these instructions were meant to
	achieve?), probably some such text would also be handy for 2, and
	1 needs it not at all. We assume none of our readers would actually
	prefer version 3, so let's leave it aside for now. But anyone who
	likes his APL expressions sold short (would you believe that as a
	typo and we meant “told”? No? Oh well) presumably feels utterances
	such as version 2 of the Instructions above are somehow more natural
	for human beings. We can only recommend experiment. We'd suggest
	the following one: next time you want a raise, be clear. Don't tell
	your boss something confusing like “I want another thirty thousand
	dollars”. Say, “Call my salary 'Ess'. Call thirty thousand dollars
	'Tee'. Add Ess and Tee, and call the result 'Ess'. Thanks!” Who knows,
	it may work better that way. But we doubt it would be because of
	greater clarity… The intermediate names are only part of the story,
	though. Version 3 of the Instructions was not meant just to amuse
	us; it illustrates how easy it becomes to lose track of what's going
	on when a process is broken down into ridiculously tiny steps. It
	also illustrates a more dangerous aspect of the “short and vertical”
	style of APL programming: carried just a little farther, it becomes
	scalar thinking— conditioning a writer of APL to use this style risks
	encouraging inappropriate, inefficient use of the language as a tool.
	The following function comes from an application in a real business
	environment: What's wrong with this function? Why, in one sense,
	nothing at all: it ran, it gave the proper answers, its author was
	happy with it for a long time. In another sense— well, would you
	like to maintain it? Or would you rather deal with something like
	the following: There are, of course, a number of differences between
	the two, and some of them depend upon examination of the subfunction
	GPCALBA (not shown here). One thing leaps immediately to one's notice:
	while there were a couple of fairly long lines in the first version,
	the second was certainly not produced by breaking them up! The two
	functions are equivalent; it took careful reading of GPCALBA, a fairly
	involved function, to notice that there was no need at all for the
	nested loops and associated extra parameters in SINGLEPREMS— all
	the calculations were (or could be made) parallel for all cases,
	and all cases were always covered. Had the consultant who did the
	work not been literate in APL, he could scarcely have made this simplification.
	Perhaps more important— the original form arose because scalar thinking
	is pervasive. People's approach to problems is conditioned by their
	habits. The first version of SINGLEPREMS was written by an author
	not fluent in APL, who found it more congenial to address problems
	bit by bit. It reflects scalar thinking in its style: despite having
	middling long lines 2 and 6, most of the function conforms quite
	nicely to the “short and vertical” model. If you're conditioned to
	look at algorithms in tiny bits, chances are you'll look at problems
	the same way— which means you'll lose much of the power of APL. Consider
	again, for a moment, the last two versions of the Instructions for
	computing an average given above, with attention to style. What situation
	can you conceive, in which you would express yourself that way? Version
	3, in particular: you would never address another human being that
	way (well, save maybe your boss, if you did think that would get
	you a raise). You might address a machine that way. But, we hope,
	only when you didn't have any other choice. There are indeed many
	situations when you do have to address machines that way: when writing
	an APL interpreter, for instance. The tiny steps are in fact closer
	to how machines must execute our instructions, than to how human
	beings conceive of them. This is a partial answer to one of our questions:
	Who finds instructions easier when they're broken up into very short
	bits? Some machines do. APL doesn't require this because of its history:
	it was not originally defined to instruct machines. It is a human
	language. But (tempting though it might be) we don't really feel
	it's fair to question the humanity of everyone who can't read the
	APL we write. Fortunately, it isn't necessary. There are human beings
	we might want to address with very short sentences, made out of a
	very limited vocabulary: people who don't speak the language we're
	using very well. People whose language we don't speak very well.
	Or, in writing: people of marginal literacy. People just learning
	to read. Implied in these categories is the answer to our other question:
	in what way are instructions easier to understand when they're broken
	up into tiny bits? They're easier to understand in that you can focus
	on the meanings of the words themselves— which you might want to
	do when you're not very sure of them. In all the cases in which people
	find it easier to understand broken English, it is generally expected
	that the problem is temporary. For some reason, in the case of APL,
	we have trouble even admitting that this is the problem. In APL,
	when the literacy problem is recognized, it's usually attacked by
	limiting— often voluntarily— the style of those who are literate
	to the comprehension level of those who are not. The problem is,
	indeed, partly one of writing. Some people write English that's pretty
	hard to follow too. But at the level where it makes a critical difference
	to comprehension, to use only two or three words per sentence, the
	problem is simply learning to read. This is also the case with APL.
	The major difference between APL and most other executable languages
	is simply that APL has a syntax sufficient to express thought; the
	others do not, and must use a sequence of steps instead. Any accompanying
	thoughts had better be expressed in comments, in these other languages,
	even if they're simply thoughts descriptive of the process. In APL,
	the best description of the thought is in the APL itself, and as
	in English, the thought can be expressed most concisely, directly,
	and meaningfully when we're not restricting ourselves to an illiterate
	audience. Comments in English or some other natural language may
	still be desirable, but the useful ones are not descriptive, they're
	intentional: not what is this doing— which the APL expresses better
	than English would— but why is it doing it; or to what did the author
	expect to do it. Let's look at a different real example, one published
	to argue for the precise opposite of the position we take in this
	paper. The accompanying figure lists the two functions from [3] mentioned
	at the outset. Consider just the APL for the nonce, leaving aside
	the comments. We'll come back to those. SPD may look a little forbidding
	at first— if you're not used to reading APL, or if you think you
	should read it in the order a computer will execute it. But there's
	no need for reading in that direction: in the culture APL was developed,
	human beings are used to reading from left to right— and that's a
	fine way of reading APL. As Iverson remarks in a discussion of APL
	parsing rules, One important consequence of these rules is that in
	an unparenthesized sentence the right argument of any verb is the
	result of the entire phrase to the right of it. A sentence such as
	3xP⌈Q*|R-5 can therefore be read from left to right; the overall
	result is three times the result of the remaining phrase, which is
	the maximum of P and the part following the ⌈, and so on. [4] Let's
	read our example, then, from left to right, as we're accustomed to.
	The first thing that leaps to our attention is a parenthesis; we
	don't know much about what it encloses yet, but we notice that immediately
	to its right is a p. We see immediately, then, that the result of
	SPD is a reshape of some value (giving a matrix result). Since what
	we're reshaping has just been transposed (reading on to the right),
	the parallel between the @@@@ arguments, and the left argument of
	the reshape, is very suggestive of collapsing two axes into one.
	This impression is reinforced by reading a little farther; the object
	transposed was itself the result of another reshape, and it in turn
	was the result of a ↑ on the right argument. A glance at the expression
	to the left of the ↑, though it may not reveal exactly what the value
	is, shows clearly that we're dealing with an overtake, since D is
	assigned right there as the shape of X, and (reading the parenthesized
	phrase also from left to right) we see that the ↑ argument is more
	than that. So: that's the whole function. We've just skimmed it,
	but this skimming tells us most of the story: the result is a matrix
	containing all of the argument X, but rearranged in some way, and
	also some padding. For many purposes, we could stop right there:
	a little experimentation would tell us the rest we might need to
	know. But we can read more carefully, too, and discover as much detail
	as we need. Look for a moment at the other version, SPREAD. Perhaps
	you can skim it as quickly as the first; we couldn't. There are rather
	more temporary variables involved to keep track of; the final reshape
	is not so suggestively associated with a transpose; the overtake
	is so buried and separated from its argument that, even knowing what
	it is and where it must be, we have trouble finding it. But we didn't
	really finish reading the short SPD; in particular, the expression
	C←D+(COL\COL-(D←pX)[1]), D seemed rather mysterious. Notice, however,
	line [14] of the long SPREAD— it has exactly the same expression!
	Slightly different variable names, and the &rgr;X assignment has
	been moved, making it a little harder to see what one of the variables
	is… but no substantial difference. The rewrite, in other words, did
	absolutely nothing to clarify the one obscure part of this function.
	It is fairly clear that breaking this up further wouldn't do it.
	What does this do? Well, there are two approaches— one could try
	to simplify and analyze with no idea of where one was going; or one
	could take some knowledge of the intention of the function, together
	with reading of the rest of the function, to form a conjecture, which
	could then be verified. We took the second path; here's where comments
	come in handy— we needed to know the author's intent. Knowing the
	purpose of both functions (the comments on the first seem a little
	more helpful here), it was easy to conjecture that the overtake must
	be to pad the original data X to a number of rows which is an even
	multiple of the number of “logical columns” desired, COL— therefore,
	our conjecture was that this phrase must be equivalent to C←(COLx⌈(1↑D),÷COL),
	1 ↓D←&rgr;X A short proof verified that this was indeed the case.
	Note that the “skimming” we went through in the first place was crucial
	to form the conjecture (which made the analysis, we suspect, much
	shorter than if we'd had no idea where we were going). This skimming,
	as we began by showing, is much easier when all the context is immediately
	in front of us. That is, for the one part of both functions that
	is hard to understand, SPD— the “nasty” one-liner— makes it easier
	to discover the meaning than the broken-up SPREAD. Our central conclusion
	was arrived at before examining this example: that the problem of
	written communications, in APL as in English, requires skills on
	the part of the reader as well as on the part of the writer. The
	responsibility for communication has been laid too heavily on writers
	in the APL community. Modifying one's APL writing style to cater
	to an illiterate audience has been a recommended approach. We have
	tried to show, first, that becoming accustomed to a less expressive
	style of writing can hamper a writer's thinking in approaching a
	problem; second, that reading skills are valuable in themselves;
	and, finally, that — assuming readers of APL are willing and able
	to read — the often-recommended “short and vertical” style makes
	it harder, rather than easier, to read APL, especially when obscure
	phrases are encountered in either style. As with any aesthetic issue,
	the question of good style in APL cannot be settled prescriptively.
	A final, and perhaps the weightiest, reason for developing APL reading
	skills is that to read is, in the final analysis, the most sensible
	advice one can give to writers concerned with improving their own
	style. Iverson has remarked that Perhaps the most important habit
	in the development of good style in a language remains to be mentioned,
	the habit of critical reading. Such reading should not be limited
	to collections of well-turned and useful phrases…nor should it be
	limited to topics in a reader's particular specialty.…one may benefit
	from the critical reading of mediocre writing as well as good; good
	writing may present new turns of phrase, but mediocre writing may
	spur the reader to improve upon it. [5] Perlis and Rugaber [6] have
	advocated teaching the recognition of particular phrases (often called
	“idioms” in the APL community) as a useful step in teaching both
	reading, and writing, of APL. Published collections of such phrases
	include Perlis and Rugaber's report The APL Idiom List [7] and the
	more recent FinnAPL Idiom Library [8]. As Iverson remarks, such collections
	are certainly one kind of useful reading matter. But by themselves
	they are unlikely to make anyone literate, and in fact careless use
	of such collections in teaching can sometimes disguise illiteracy
	rather than promote literacy, if students feel encouraged to simply
	accept, recognize, and copy such phrases rather than actually reading
	and analyzing them (see Pesch [9] for more discussion of this issue).
	We can provide no easy answers: but this much is clear— writers of
	APL must assume a literate audience (as writers of English do) if
	they are to use the language effectively; and readers of APL (which
	is to say all of us) can read best by reading more. In the end, greater
	literacy is its own reward.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/22415.22009},
  isbn = {0-901865-35-4},
  location = {Mancheester, United Kingdom},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado pela má organização do abstract, abstract grande demais.
	
	
	DDDD}
}

@ARTICLE{585624,
  author = {Fernando Berzal and Ignacio Blanco and Juan-Carlos Cubero and Nicolas
	Marin},
  title = {Component-based data mining frameworks},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {45},
  pages = {97--100},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {OLAP Vs. OLTP in the middle tier.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/585597.585624},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e abstract não disponível.}
}

@ARTICLE{1110908,
  author = {Michael L. Best and Ernest J. Wilson, III},
  title = {Can IT Start-Ups Slay Telecommunication Incumbents? Stories of David
	versus Goliath},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {3--6},
  number = {1},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1544752043971189},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e abstract não disponível.}
}

@ARTICLE{1328094,
  author = {Jaijit Bhattacharya and Richa Singla},
  title = {Microfinance: a technical framework for cross border credit in India},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {179--182},
  abstract = {The Indian economy has been growing at a fast pace for the past few
	years but not all have benefited by this growth. Globalization has
	given a tremendous opportunity to grow but this growth has been restricted
	to a chosen few. This has resulted in an increasing gap between the
	haves and have-nots of the society. Microfinance can help reduce
	this disparity and lead to a more equitable growth of the country.
	
	
	Technology has grown tremendously in the past decade and has changed
	the way the various sectors operate today. It has become one of the
	key sustainers and drivers for any sector. It is now playing a key
	sustainer role in microfinance sector as well. Many technological
	vendors are coming up with low cost solutions for the sector, which
	can lower down the transactional costs.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328094},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Blackwell1996,
  author = {Blackwell, A.F.},
  title = {Metacognitive theories of visual programming: what do we think we
	are doing?},
  journal = {Visual Languages, 1996. Proceedings., IEEE Symposium on},
  year = {1996},
  pages = {240-246},
  month = {Sep},
  abstract = {The research involved a qualitative and quantitative study of statements
	made by computer scientists about the ways in which they think that
	visual programming assists the thought processes of the programmer.
	This type of metacognitive knowledge has been shown in psychological
	experiments to have significant effects on performance in cognitive
	tasks. It is particularly important in the design of programming
	environments, where HCI factors of the environment constrain the
	programmer's design behaviour according to the beliefs of the environment
	designer. The metacognitive knowledge expressed in the visual programming
	literature is categorised in the paper into a range of micro-theories,
	the frequency of statements found in each category are compared,
	and the theoretical assumptions are evaluated in terms of relevant
	research in cognitive psychology},
  doi = {10.1109/VL.1996.545293},
  keywords = {graphical user interfaces, human factors, professional aspects, programming
	environments, psychology, visual programmingHCI factors, cognitive
	psychology, cognitive task performance, computer scientist statements,
	metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive theories, micro-theories,
	programmer design behaviour, programmer thought processes, programming
	environment design, qualitative study, quantitative study, statement
	frequency, visual programming},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1151330,
  author = {Edwin Blake},
  title = {How to provide useful ICT when called upon},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {20--21},
  number = {5},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1151314.1151330},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem disponibilização de abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{506466,
  author = {Edwin H. Blake},
  title = {Extended abstract a field computer for animal trackers},
  journal = {CHI '02: CHI '02 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {532--533},
  abstract = {The field computer system has been developed to gather complex data
	on amimal behaviour that is observed by expert animal trackers. The
	system is location aware using the satellite Global Positioning Sytem.
	The system has been designed to empower semi-literate trackers. User
	testing showed that trackers were easily able to master the interface.
	They benefit from greater recognition, while the wider community
	gains from access to the knowledge of the trackers on animal behaviour.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/506443.506466},
  isbn = {1-58113-454-1},
  location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de um sistema com interface visando
	usuarios semi alfabetizados
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de um sistema com interface
	visando usuarios semi alfabetizados}
}

@ARTICLE{Boll2006,
  author = {Boll, S.},
  title = {Visions and View in Multimedia},
  journal = {Multimedia, IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {13},
  pages = { 15-17},
  number = {2},
  month = {April-June},
  abstract = {The author and new department editor provides her visions and views
	of how and where the multimedia field can burgeon and develop.},
  doi = {10.1109/MMUL.2006.46},
  issn = {1070-986X},
  keywords = {null content provider, context-driven Web search, multimodal user
	interfaces, next-generation digital photo services},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e abstract muito curto.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Bos1992,
  author = {Bos, H.A. and Brull, L.},
  title = {The implementation of a pre-paid electricity system in a third world
	environment},
  journal = {Metering Apparatus and Tariffs for Electricity Supply, 1992., Seventh
	International Conference on},
  year = {1992},
  pages = {146-150},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {The future of electricity billing to the small power and commercial
	user lies in pre-payment metering. The system consists of three major
	items. The dispenser is placed inside the consumer's home, it allows
	the consumer to use electricity as long as they are in credit, it
	also indicates how much electricity is being used. The validation
	or credit dispensing unit, generates tokens or encrypted numbers
	to the value of money paid. The validator should be placed at convenient
	sites such as shops or workplaces. The master station is a computer
	that provides the management and financial control of a project area},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1020166,
  author = {Jean-Michel Boucheix},
  title = {Multimedia Simulation and Comprehension Aid for Complex Technical
	Documents: A Course for Crane Drivers},
  journal = {ICALT '04: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced
	Learning Technologies},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {898--899},
  abstract = {We present the design and the experimental test of a cognitive aid
	tool based on multimedia simulation constructed to help illiterate
	crane drivers to understand documents about crane transport limits.},
  address = {Washington, DC, USA},
  isbn = {0-7695-2181-9},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).}
}

@ARTICLE{Brewer2005,
  author = {Brewer, E. and Demmer, M. and Du, B. and Ho, M. and Kam, M. and Nedevschi,
	S. and Pal, J. and Patra, R. and Surana, S. and Fall, K.},
  title = {The case for technology in developing regions},
  journal = {Computer},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {38},
  pages = { 25-38},
  number = {6},
  month = {May},
  abstract = {Alongside good governance, technology is considered among the greatest
	enablers for improved quality of life. However, the majority of its
	benefits have been concentrated in industrialized nations and therefore
	limited to a fraction of the world's population. We believe that
	technology has a large role to play in developing regions, that "First
	World" technology to date has been a poor fit in these areas, and
	that there is thus a need for technology research for developing
	regions. Despite the relative infancy of technology studies in developing
	regions, anecdotal evidence suggests that access to technology has
	a beneficial economic impact. Cellular telephony is probably the
	most visible application, but there are many others, some of which
	we cover in this article. The World Bank's infoDev site catalogs
	hundreds of information and communications technologies (ICT) projects,
	albeit not all successful. Most of these projects use existing off-the-shelf
	technology designed for the industrialized world. Although it is
	clear that there are large differences in assumptions related to
	cost, power, and usage, there has been little work on how technology
	needs in developing regions differ from those of industrialized nations.
	We argue that Western market forces continue to meet the needs of
	developing regions accidentally at best.},
  doi = {10.1109/MC.2005.204},
  issn = {0018-9162},
  keywords = { cellular radio, government data processing, government policies,
	socio-economic effects, technology transfer cellular telephony, developing
	regions, industrialized nations, information and communications technologies,
	technology studies},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1131290,
  author = {Eric Brewer and Michael Demmer and Melissa Ho and R. J. Honicky and
	Joyojeet Pal and Madelaine Plauche and Sonesh Surana},
  title = {The Challenges of Technology Research for Developing Regions},
  journal = {IEEE Pervasive Computing},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {15--23},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {The authors' projects in several developing regions encountered many
	technical, cultural, and environmental challenges that are outside
	the scope of typical computer science research. By sharing some of
	their experiences, they hope to increase understanding of these issues.
	They also hope to help others, especially researchers from outside
	these regions, avoid their mistakes by suggesting steps that might
	at least mitigate the problems.This article is part of a special
	issue on Emerging Economies.},
  address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MPRV.2006.40},
  issn = {1536-1268},
  publisher = {IEEE Educational Activities Department},
  review = {DDDS negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar discutir o problema de sistemas para indivíduos
	analfabetos.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Bright1984,
  author = {Bright, Herbert S.},
  title = {Early FORTRAN User Experience},
  journal = {Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {28-30},
  number = {1},
  month = {Jan.-March },
  doi = {10.1109/MAHC.1984.10011},
  issn = {1058-6180},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{288736,
  author = {Amy Bruckman},
  title = {Community Support for Constructionist Learning},
  journal = {Comput. Supported Coop. Work},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {47--86},
  number = {1-2},
  abstract = {MOOSE Crossing is a text-based virtual reality environment (or “MUD”)
	designed to be a constructionist learning environment for children
	ages eight to thirteen. The constructionist philosophy of education
	argues that learning through designing and constructing personally
	meaningful projects is better than learning by being told. Children
	on MOOSE Crossing learn computer programming and improve their reading
	and writing by working on self-selected projects in a self-motivated,
	peer-supported fashion. In experience with over 180 children and
	90 adults using the system since October 1995, we have found that
	the community provides essential support for the children‘s learning
	experiences. The community provides role models; situated, ubiquitous
	project models; emotional support to overcome technophobia; technical
	support; and an appreciative audience for completed work. This paper
	examines the nature of that support in detail, and argues that community
	support for learning is an essential element in collaborative work
	and learning on the Internet.},
  address = {Norwell, MA, USA},
  issn = {0925-9724},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e focar no desenvolvimento de sistemas educativos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1151909,
  author = {Michael Bui and Nick Lowe and Masahiro Takatsuka},
  title = {Visualization of a closed three-dimensional surface using portal-based
	rendering},
  journal = {APVis '06: Proceedings of the 2006 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information
	Visualisation},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {35--38},
  abstract = {The complexity and size of data is rapidly increasing in modern science,
	business and engineering. This has resulted in increasing demands
	for more sophisticated data analysis methods. Multidimensional scaling
	has been used to visualize large high-dimensional datasets in the
	form of a map. Such maps are very intuitive for us, as we are familiar
	with reading geographical maps. However, they typically result in
	a flat space (world), which presents undefined discontinuous edges
	at the end of the world.In order to provide a continuous space for
	visualizing high-dimensional data, a closed three-dimensional (3D)
	surface, such as surfaces of a sphere and a torus, has been used
	as a target mapping space for multi-dimensional scaling. This paper
	proposes an application of a portal-based rendering technique to
	visualize such closed 3D surfaces. This 3D rendering technique allows
	users to see and navigate through the surface in a natural manner.
	This eliminates any discontinuous boundaries usually introduced by
	a process of projection from 3D to two-dimensional space. Furthermore,
	as our initial investigations show, it is a general technique that
	is applicable to any closed 3D surface.},
  address = {Darlinghurst, Australia, Australia},
  isbn = {1-920682-41-4},
  location = {Tokyo, Japan},
  publisher = {Australian Computer Society, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Burnett2006,
  author = {Burnett, R.E.},
  title = {Considering the Adequacies and Inadequacies of Safety Icons},
  journal = {International Professional Communication Conference, 2006 IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {262-277},
  month = {Oct.},
  abstract = {Safety icons need to be more recognizable. Even though safety icons
	are becoming more consistent due to harmonization, they are not always
	recognized, which contributes to customer and worker dissatisfaction;
	customer and worker fatality, illness, and injury; material and equipment
	damage; and/or loss of corporate reputation. A pilot study in which
	readers/users identified decontextualized safety icons enabled an
	analysis that spotlights adequacies and inadequacies. The results
	may influence icon design in ways that improve audience compliance
	with warnings about safety},
  doi = {10.1109/IPCC.2006.320359},
  keywords = {safetyaudience compliance, decontextualized safety icons, icon design,
	safety warnings, worker dissatisfaction, worker fatality},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de assuntos de icones para usuarios analfabetos.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1240653,
  author = {Michael D. Byrne and Kristen K. Greene and Sarah P. Everett},
  title = {Usability of voting systems: baseline data for paper, punch cards,
	and lever machines},
  journal = {CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in
	computing systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {171--180},
  abstract = {In the United States, computer-based voting machines are rapidly replacing
	other older technologies. While there is potential for this to be
	a usability improvement, particularly in terms of accessibility,
	the only way it is possible to know if usability has improved is
	to have baseline data on the usability of traditional technologies.
	We report an experiment assessing the usability of punch cards, lever
	machines, and two forms of paper ballot. There were no differences
	in ballot completion time between the four methods, but there were
	substantial effects on error rate, with the paper ballots superior
	to the other methods as well as an interaction with age of voters.
	Subjective usability was assessed with the System Usability Scale
	and showed a slight advantage for bubble-style paper ballots. Overall,
	paper ballots were found to be particularly usable, which raises
	important technological and policy issues.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240624.1240653},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-593-9},
  location = {San Jose, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS pode ser aceito por tratar de interfaces de voto, que precisam
	ser simples, no entanto sem prova concreta.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Carlos Alberto Petta, Ramesh Amatya, Gaston Farr, I-cheng Chi},
  title = {An analysis of the personal reasons for discontinuing IUD use},
  journal = {Contraception, Volume 50, Issue 4, October 1994, Pages 339-347},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {339-347},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{Carson2005,
  author = {Carson, E.R. and Cramp, D.G. and Flowerday, A. and Harrar, H. and
	Harvey, F.E. and Leicester, H.J. and Roudsari, A.V.},
  title = {REALITY in Home Telecare: A Systemic Approach to Evaluation},
  journal = {Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2005. IEEE-EMBS 2005.
	27th Annual International Conference of the},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {3927-3930},
  month = { },
  abstract = {This paper describes the REALITY telecare system, designed to enable
	a range of commonly occurring chronic diseases to be managed in the
	home setting. This uses hand-held computers linked to the internet
	for collecting and transmitting clinical and quality of life data
	and providing remote clinical advice. Key to the success of such
	telecare is a proper scheme of evaluation. An overall framework for
	such evaluation is proposed. Within this schema formative evaluation
	results are presented, focusing particularly on technical issues
	being addressed, patient recruitment and retention, and data collection.
	User acceptability is then considered as a first ingredient of summative
	evaluation},
  doi = {10.1109/IEMBS.2005.1615320},
  keywords = {Internet, diseases, medical computing, notebook computers, telemedicineREALITY
	telecare system, diseases, hand-held computers, home telecare, internet,
	patient recruitment, patient retention},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1409328,
  author = {Ruy Cervantes and Nithya Sambasivan},
  title = {VoiceList: user-driven telephone-based audio content},
  journal = {MobileHCI '08: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on
	Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {499--500},
  abstract = {We present VoiceList, a telephone-based user-generated audio classifieds
	service. The aim of the system is to provide an infrastructure for
	a user-driven community service where there is minimal connectivity
	to the Internet. Our approach takes advantage of prior knowledge
	and the ubiquitous presence of telephones in developing nations,
	overcoming literacy and connectivity barriers.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1409240.1409328},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-952-4},
  location = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por apresentar o problema sobre o ponto de vista de ubiquidade
	para transpor os problemas de analfabetismo.
	
	
	AAA2 por apresentar o problema sobre o ponto de vista de ubiquidade
	para transpor os problemas de analfabetismo.}
}

@ARTICLE{1125747,
  author = {Aditya Chand and Anind K. Dey},
  title = {Jadoo: a paper user interface for users unfamiliar with computers},
  journal = {CHI '06: CHI '06 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1625--1630},
  abstract = {In this paper we look at how socialization in a community can be used
	to help computer illiterate users start using computers and internet
	in a few minutes. We describe a prototype system, Jadoo, which can
	be used by computer literates to create and distribute paper user
	interfaces. This paper interface can then be used by computer illiterates
	to access online information. We tested Jadoo with our target audience,
	people living in rural India, and iterated the design to fit their
	needs.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1125451.1125747},
  isbn = {1-59593-298-4},
  location = {Montr\'{e}al, Qu\'{e}bec, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas computacionalmente (illiterate).
	
	DDDS sem menção do nível d ealfabetizacao da lingua.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1328138,
  author = {Mawaki Chango},
  title = {Challenges to e-government in Africa south of Sahara: a critical
	view, and provisional notes for a research agenda},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {384--393},
  abstract = {In this paper, we attempt to address the broader question as to why
	in Africa, e-government projects in general have higher rate of failure
	than success. Based on documentary analysis and using the information
	ecology framework, we critically analyze the case of The Gambia as
	e-government prototype country selected by the Economic Commission
	for Africa. We further discuss the value assumptions and implications,
	and propose an approach that will include value sensitive design
	as a way to address the designreality gap in order to minimize the
	risks for failure. In the process, a number of questions, issues
	and challenges are identified as possible foci for future research.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328138},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar o problema de não aceitação devido ao baixo
	nível de alfabetizacao.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1374497,
  author = {Apala Lahiri Chavan and Douglas Gorney},
  title = {FEATURE The dilemma of the shared mobile phone---culture strain and
	product design in emerging economies},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {34--39},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1374489.1374497},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{979579,
  author = {Theodore Arnold Chiasson},
  title = {Token-based peer-to-peer interaction coordination},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2003},
  note = {Adviser-Jacob Slonim},
  abstract = {The rapid emergence of Electronic Commerce has caused a so-called
	“digital divide” to form between those with access to the Internet
	and those without. While governments have tried to lessen this divide
	through the introduction of public access points and infrastructure
	subsidies, little is being done to address the barriers to entry
	for functionally illiterate and cognitively impaired populations.
	Our research attempts to address this issue by individualizing end-user
	interactions with computerized systems on a domain-specific basis.
	We take the view that each end-user's system should act as a peer
	in the computing environment, allowing end-users to own and control
	their information. Shifting from the current client-server computing
	environment to the peer-to-peer paradigm of computing should facilitate
	the customization of interactions that these populations require
	while maintaining their privacy. Existing applications programming
	environments are geared towards the client-server model of computing.
	Research into peer-to-peer application development has indicated
	that the process-oriented programming environment facilitates some
	aspects of peer-to-peer application development, but introduces challenges
	with respect to distributed data management. Existing blocking distributed
	transaction coordination mechanisms rely on global state to facilitate
	centralized control of distributed resources, but there is no concept
	of global state in the process-oriented model. This thesis introduces
	a new model of token-based peer-to-peer interaction coordination
	(the TPIC model). This new model maintains consistency in a peer-to-peer
	environment without relying on global state.},
  address = {Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Canada, Canada},
  isbn = {0-612-83700-9},
  order_no = {AAINQ83700},
  publisher = {Dalhousie University},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	DDD2 Negado por não disponibilização para download.}
}

@ARTICLE{351100,
  author = {Theodore Chiasson and Carrie Gates},
  title = {Electronic commerce universal access device-the knowledge-acquiring
	layered infrastructure (KALI) project},
  journal = {Crossroads},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {28--32},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/351092.351100},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1167966,
  author = {Jan Chipchase},
  title = {How do you manage your contacts if you can't read or write?},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {16--17},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1167948.1167966},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS devido ao título do artigo tratar da cerne de conceito da pesquisa.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1243456,
  author = {L. Coetzee and N. Govender and I. Viviers},
  title = {The national accessibility portal: an accessible information sharing
	portal for the South African disability sector},
  journal = {W4A '07: Proceedings of the 2007 international cross-disciplinary
	conference on Web accessibility (W4A)},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {44--53},
  abstract = {The National Accessibility Portal initiative is a large initiative
	aimed at improving the quality of life of people living with disabilities
	in South Africa. The initiative has several functional components,
	including the National Accessibility Portal, National Accessibility
	Portal Centers, research into developing localised client side assistive
	technologies and devices, advocacy as well as the development of
	a methodology allowing for replication in other developing countries
	with similar needs.
	
	
	The focus of this paper is on the research and development of the
	portal in the bigger National Accessibility Portal initiative.
	
	
	The portal's differentiating elements measured against other content
	portals is the ability to provide a configurable platform (based
	on the user's profile) for information sharing and communication
	in an accessible and usable fashion within the constraints of today's
	technologies, in the user's language of choice and in the most cost
	effective and sustainable fashion.
	
	
	In this paper we describe the process involved in developing version
	1.0 of the National Accessibility Portal; from gathering user requirements,
	addressing the issue of multilingualism, accessibility and usability
	challenges. We present initial user feedback comments and highlight
	ongoing challenges. In addition we present the technology stack and
	implemented functionality.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1243441.1243456},
  isbn = {1-59593-590-X},
  location = {Banff, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS por poder abordar o problema de usuários analfabetos.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{332214,
  author = {Lorrie Faith Cranor and Adam Lake},
  title = {Conference report: conferences offer insifhts into how computers
	may affect our future},
  journal = {Crossroads},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {23--26},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/332198.332214},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Cummings1994,
  author = {Cummings, M.},
  title = {Electronic sign strategies and their benefits},
  journal = {Road Traffic Monitoring and Control, 1994., Seventh International
	Conference on},
  year = {1994},
  pages = {141-144},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {Recent years have seen the introduction of many electronic signs providing
	dynamic information to road users. These variable message signs (VMS)
	are, in most cases, connected together to form systems over increasingly
	large geographical areas, and have the opportunity to influence significant
	numbers of drivers. Much work is currently under way to measure the
	performance of such systems in order to assess the benefits of the
	investment and justify the further deployment of signs. The results
	are beginning to identify VMS strategies that yield the best returns.
	They have already provoked proposals for further integration of VMS
	with other information systems, and are highlighting institutional
	issues relating to sign control. This paper summarises these results
	and the emerging conclusions from the work},
  keywords = { performance evaluation, road traffic, traffic control EAVES project,
	dynamic information, electronic signs, information systems, performance
	assessment, road users, variable message signs},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1314186,
  author = {Vera Damazio and J\'{u}lia Lima and Bianca Dal Bianco and Cristiane
	de Menezes and Guilherme Meyer},
  title = {"Brands that Touch" and anthropology of consumption: towards an understanding
	of how to design pleasurable products},
  journal = {DPPI '07: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable
	products and interfaces},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {271--281},
  abstract = {This article focuses on "Brands that touch", or people's relationship
	with brands that incorporate meaningful experiences and evoke positive
	feelings. It views brands as synonymous with their products. It views,
	also, the act of choosing and using a product as a process of symbolic
	exchange and intends to bridge the fields of "Design & Emotion" and
	Anthropology of Consumption. Therefore, it presents some reflections
	based on personal stories about "brands that touch" gathered from
	interviews and conversations with people from different walks of
	life and on classic writings on theory of Anthropology of Consumption
	and some of the pioneering authors in the field such as Mary Douglas,
	Lévi-Strauss, among others. This article's central idea is that if
	we are to design pleasurable products, we must listen to users and
	understand the essence and content of a brand that touches them.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1314161.1314186},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-942-5},
  location = {Helsinki, Finland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{219674,
  author = {A. K. Danowitz and Y. Nassef and S. E. Goodman},
  title = {Cyberspace across the Sahara: computing in North Africa},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {23--28},
  number = {12},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/219663.219674},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {Spanning 7.2 million square kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean to
	the Red Sea, and encompassing the Great Saharan Desert and Nile River
	Valley, North Africa embraces Mauritania, Western Sahara, Morocco,
	Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. Charting the development of information
	technology (IT) is as challenging as traversing the souks, the labyrinthine
	ancient marketplaces.
	
	
	DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1357155,
  author = {Christopher A. Le Dantec and W. Keith Edwards},
  title = {Designs on dignity: perceptions of technology among the homeless},
  journal = {CHI '08: Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual SIGCHI conference
	on Human factors in computing systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {627--636},
  abstract = {Technology, it is argued, has the potential to improve everyone's
	life: from the workplace, to entertainment, to easing chores around
	the home. But what of people who have neither job nor home? We undertook
	a qualitative study of the homeless population in a metropolitan
	U.S. city to better understand what it means to be homeless and how
	technology--from cell phones to bus passes--affects their daily lives.
	The themes we identify provide an array of opportunities for technological
	interventions that can empower the homeless population. Our investigation
	also reveals the need to reexamine some of the assumptions made in
	HCI about the relationship people have with technology. We suggest
	a broader awareness of the social context of technology use as a
	critical component when considering design innovation for the homeless.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1357054.1357155},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-011-1},
  location = {Florence, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS pode tratar do tema de analfabetos por tratar de indivíduos sem
	lar.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1056909,
  author = {Scott Davidoff and Carson Bloomberg and Ian Anthony R. Li and Jennifer
	Mankoff and Susan R. Fussell},
  title = {The book as user interface: lowering the entry cost to email for
	elders},
  journal = {CHI '05: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1331--1334},
  abstract = {Substantial stumbling blocks confront computer-illiterate elders.
	We introduce a novel user interface technology to lower these start
	up costs: the book as user interface, or BUI. Book pages contain
	both step-by-step instructions and tangible controls, turning a complex
	interaction into a walk-up-and-use scenario. The system expands support
	past the technical artifact to a go-to relationship. ElderMail users
	designate an internet-savvy trusted friend or relative to help with
	complex tasks. In this paper, we conduct a preliminary evaluation
	of a BUI-based email system, and report our findings. While research
	has augmented paper artifacts to provide alternate access into the
	digital world, we find that elders use the BUI as a way to circumvent
	the digital world.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1056808.1056909},
  isbn = {1-59593-002-7},
  location = {Portland, OR, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas de computação (illiterate).
	
	DDDS rejeitado por naum mencionar analfabetizacao de lingua.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1056909,
  author = {Scott Davidoff and Carson Bloomberg and Ian Anthony R. Li and Jennifer
	Mankoff and Susan R. Fussell},
  title = {The book as user interface: lowering the entry cost to email for
	elders},
  journal = {CHI '05: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1331--1334},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1056808.1056909},
  isbn = {1-59593-002-7},
  location = {Portland, OR, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado por ja ter sido mapeado por outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1125889,
  author = {Alexander J. DeWitt and Jasna Kuljis},
  title = {Is usable security an oxymoron?},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {41--44},
  number = {3},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1125864.1125889},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Di1997,
  author = {Di Bello, L.A. and Chamberlain, E.S.},
  title = {Implementing decision support technology among shop floor users;
	a story of success with an alternative deployment strategy},
  journal = {Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1997. 'Computational Cybernetics and
	Simulation'., 1997 IEEE International Conference on},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {2210-2216 vol.3},
  month = {Oct},
  abstract = {This paper explores the recent use of relatively complex decision
	support systems (DSS) in public sector industries challenged by privatization
	and proposes a technology implementation model with proven success.
	Most implementations fall short of expectations. A primary concern
	is the user; to be effective, DSSs demand users with an in-depth
	understanding of their logic and detailed knowledge of the work being
	done. An iterative implementation model paired with alternative training
	has proven that DSSs can be used successfully by the rank and file,
	with better than planned results. By way of example, we offer the
	findings of one study of a large public transit system using such
	a strategy to deploy a preventive maintenance technology. An iterative
	top-down/bottom-up model for technology deployment is presented,
	consisting of: (1) a relatively small design team of software developers,
	maintenance managers, shop floor workers and foremen; (2) a powerful
	new training technique resulting in high quality direct data entry
	from the shop floor and (3) feedback from the work floor used in
	ongoing refinements of the system. The paper concludes that deployment
	must be organized around the concept that DSS are tools that are
	appropriated by the users and implementation efforts should facilitate
	that process},
  doi = {10.1109/ICSMC.1997.635194},
  keywords = {decision support systems, feedback, software engineering, transportationDSS,
	alternative deployment strategy, complex decision support systems,
	feedback, foremen, high-quality direct data entry, iterative implementation
	model, iterative top-down/bottom-up model, large public transit system,
	maintenance managers, preventive maintenance technology, public sector
	industries, shop floor users, shop floor workers, software developers},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{957217,
  author = {Anna Dickinson and Roos Eisma and Peter Gregor},
  title = {Challenging interfaces/redesigning users},
  journal = {CUU '03: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {61--68},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/957205.957217},
  isbn = {1-58113-701-X},
  location = {Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{957217,
  author = {Anna Dickinson and Roos Eisma and Peter Gregor},
  title = {Challenging interfaces/redesigning users},
  journal = {CUU '03: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {61--68},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/957205.957217},
  isbn = {1-58113-701-X},
  location = {Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado ja mapeado.}
}

@ARTICLE{957217,
  author = {Anna Dickinson and Roos Eisma and Peter Gregor},
  title = {Challenging interfaces/redesigning users},
  journal = {SIGCAPH Comput. Phys. Handicap.},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {61--68},
  number = {73-74},
  abstract = {As the identity of the computer user becomes more diverse, software
	developers can no longer assume familiarity with legacy systems or
	perfect vision, motor control and memory. The development of Piloot
	(for users with learning difficulties) and SeeWord (for dyslexic
	readers) shows that systems can be usable and accessible for 'non-typical'
	user groups. It is no longer appropriate to design 'general purpose'
	software that excludes users because of their age or minor impairments.
	Piloot and SeeWord, although developed for very different user groups,
	uncover some common barriers to computer use. Although some of these
	barriers were overcome in similar ways, other solutions were specific
	to the target user group and this may suggest strategies that will
	be effective in developing inclusive systems in the future.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/960201.957217},
  issn = {0163-5727},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{957217,
  author = {Anna Dickinson and Roos Eisma and Peter Gregor},
  title = {Challenging interfaces/redesigning users},
  journal = {SIGCAPH Comput. Phys. Handicap.},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {61--68},
  number = {73-74},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/960201.957217},
  issn = {0163-5727},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado ja mapeado.}
}

@ARTICLE{1150694,
  author = {Anna Dickinson and Peter Gregor},
  title = {Computer use has no demonstrated impact on the well-being of older
	adults},
  journal = {Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {744--753},
  number = {8},
  abstract = {Technology is frequently presented as a panacea for the support needs
	of the ageing population, based in part upon the commonly cited assertion
	that computer and internet use has an empirically verified positive
	effect on the well-being of older people. In this paper we review
	the studies that this assertion is based on and conclude that they
	do not support it. While the original studies rarely make unsupportable
	claims, the secondary literature which cites them is frequently very
	misleading; limitations include, failure to distinguish between the
	effects of training/support and computer use; misattributing causality;
	inappropriately generalising results from a different population.},
  address = {Duluth, MN, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2006.03.001},
  issn = {1071-5819},
  publisher = {Academic Press, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Diniz2006,
  author = {Diniz, A.S.A.C. and Franca, E.D. and Camara, C.F. and Morais, P.M.R.
	and Vilhena, L.},
  title = {The Important Contribution of Photovoltaics in a Rural School Electrification
	Program},
  journal = {Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE
	4th World Conference on},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {2528-2531},
  month = {May },
  abstract = {This paper describes Brazil's photovoltaic rural school electrification
	program developed in the southeastern state of Minas Gerais, from
	its demonstration phase through its current larger-scale (near 1000
	systems) deployment. Based upon several successful initial demonstration
	projects, which have shown PV could be both reliable and cost effective
	in remote rural areas, over previous 10-year period, CEMIG-Energetic
	Company of Minas Gerais (the largest utility in Brazil) has developed
	a PV rural-electrification program that is driven by quality-of-life
	improvement objectives for the electricity consumer. The Luz no Saber
	has been specifically designed inside a larger-scale rural electrification
	program (Luz para Todos - M.G.). It has been implemented in rural
	areas of Minas Gerais State by CEMIG, in collaboration with state
	and federal governments. The main objective has been to find an energy
	delivery alternative to grid connection for dispersed rural communities
	to realize the recent "Universal Attendance Law" (10438). That is,
	starting July, 2002, electric utilities in Brazil have been required
	to electrify the entire areas they serve. Because of solar resource
	availability and geographical constraints, PV is the most important
	complementary technology to satisfy the universal electrical delivery
	to rural and remote communities in Minas Gerais. The technology allows
	the access of lower-income people to lighting, communication, as
	well as a variety of educational delivery opportunities. A major
	impact has been reducing illiteracy and improving the quality of
	education. The major conclusion of this 10-year CEMIG investment
	is that an adequate service infrastructure is required to make projects
	viable, mainly characterized by a technical network which guarantees
	the system's technical performance, system design, qualified technical
	support, and also avoids a lack of unreasonable and unfulfilled user
	expectations. The lessons learned under several phases of the CEM-
	IG's PV programmes focused on the "Luz no Saber Program" are detailed
	in this paper, with the conclusion that they have helped avoid potential
	failures in this sustainability model program},
  doi = {10.1109/WCPEC.2006.279760},
  keywords = {building integrated photovoltaics, educational institutionsBrazil,
	CEMIG-Energetic Company, Luz no Saber Program, Minas Gerais, PV rural-electrification
	program, Universal Attendance Law, geographical constraints, photovoltaics,
	quality-of-life improvement objectives, rural school electrification
	program, solar resource availability, sustainability model program,
	technical support, universal electrical delivery},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1328137,
  author = {Robert O. Dode},
  title = {Prospects of e-government implementation in Nigeria},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {380--383},
  abstract = {E-governance is a democratic practice that is gradually gaining universal
	acceptance and applicability. It refers to a governmental type aimed
	at achieving effective service delivery from government to citizens,
	moving governance from traditionalist bureaucratization to modernist
	participatory administration. This paper is situated within the global
	experience, where many countries have advanced in their practice
	of e-governance and Nigeria, as a nation cannot relish in the disadvantages
	of being left behind in a globalizing world. We strongly propose
	that there is a significant relationship between a country's technological,
	political and bureaucratic advancement and a successful e-governance
	practice. This paper argues that with the present poor state of social
	infrastructure (especially power supply and road network) in Nigeria,
	the practice of e-governance is most likely to be negatively impacted
	upon. On this note, our paper recommends a re-assessment of the country's
	state of e-governance preparedness. It recommends the application
	of proactive steps aimed at ensuring the adequate supply of electricity
	and the development of human resource capabilities of the populace
	with the aim of achieving high-level computer literacy. The interval
	convocation of stakeholders at Abuja for talk-shops is not enough.
	Rather, Internet facilities and services must of necessity be made
	easily accessible at the lowest cost, to all Nigerians, irrespective
	of how remote their locations in the country may be. The world is
	on the move and Nigeria is an integral part of it, hence, should
	not lag behind.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328137},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{301435,
  author = {William R. Dolan and Joseph S. Dumas},
  title = {A flexible approach to third-party usability},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {42},
  pages = {83--85},
  number = {5},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/301353.301435},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Dorris2004,
  author = {Dorris, N. and Carnahan, B. and Orsini, L. and Kuntz, L.A.},
  title = {Interactive evolutionary design of anthropomorphic symbols},
  journal = {Evolutionary Computation, 2004. CEC2004. Congress on},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {1},
  pages = { 433-440 Vol.1},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {Although the computer science literature contains numerous examples
	that describe various interactive evolutionary computational (IEC)
	algorithms, few studies have focused on how use such algorithms to
	elicit design information from a population of human users. The purpose
	of this study was to address this gap in the literature by constructing
	and testing an IEC algorithm for anthropomorphic symbol design. A
	design group of 25 subjects used the algorithm to create 100 anthropomorphic
	symbols represented the emotions of anger, joy, fear, and sadness.
	The 100 symbols underwent comprehensions testing using a separate
	group of 30 subjects. Factor analysis of the nine limb angles comprising
	each symbol revealed that specific combinations of limb angles differed
	significantly between symbols based on the emotional referent the
	IEC algorithm users meant to convey. Comprehension testing results
	revealed that recognition accuracy for the joy symbols was highest
	while recognition accuracy for the anger symbols was lowest. The
	findings of the current study suggest the IEC algorithms can be used
	to identify important symbol design characteristics and generate
	symbols whose message is readily comprehended by end user populations.},
  doi = {10.1109/CEC.2004.1330889},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { anthropometry, evolutionary computation, human factors, interactive
	systems anger symbols, anthropomorphic symbols, interactive evolutionary
	computation, interactive evolutionary design, recognition accuracy},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{637860,
  author = {Susan M. Dray and David A. Siegel and Paula Kotz\'{e}},
  title = {Indra's Net: HCI in the developing world},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {28--37},
  number = {2},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/637848.637860},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos sem abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar do problema por mencionar paises em desenvolvimento.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{544278,
  author = {Hayley Dunlop and Sally Jo Cunningham and Matt Jones},
  title = {A digital library of conversational expressions: helping profoundly
	disabled users communicate},
  journal = {JCDL '02: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on
	Digital libraries},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {273--274},
  abstract = {Digital libraries are for everyone. This paper describes the development
	of a digital library for a user who has a profound physical disability
	that means she cannot communicate verbally, and cannot use conventional
	communication tools.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/544220.544278},
  isbn = {1-58113-513-0},
  location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1278102,
  author = {Amitava Dutta and Rahul Roy},
  title = {The Mechanics of Internet Growth: A Developing-Country Perspective},
  journal = {Int. J. Electron. Commerce},
  year = {04-5},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {143--165},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {The uneven diffusion of the Internet across countries reinforces social
	and economic inequalities. Correlation studies associate its uneven
	diffusion with such factors as competition, telephone infrastructure,
	literacy, economic development, access charges, and network reliability,
	but they do not reveal the mechanics of Internet diffusion because
	it is the interplay of different factors, not any factor in isolation,
	that generates diffusion behavior. This paper uses the system dynamics
	(SD) methodology to develop a causal model of Internet diffusion
	in a developing country. The SD methodology was selected because
	its basic construct, the feedback loop, is well suited to represent
	the mechanics driving dynamic processes. The proposed causal model
	is validated using Internet subscriber data from India. The technique
	of dominant loop analysis identifies the feedback loops that have
	the most influence on diffusion behavior. The model can be used to
	evaluate diffusion patterns resulting from different policy alternatives
	intended to foster Internet diffusion in developing countries.},
  address = {Armonk, NY, USA},
  issn = {1086-4415},
  publisher = {M. E. Sharpe, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1241006,
  author = {E. Vincent Cross, II and Yolanda McMillian and Priyanka Gupta and
	Philicity Williams and Kathryn Nobles and Juan E. Gilbert},
  title = {Prime III: a user centered voting system},
  journal = {CHI '07: CHI '07 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {2351--2356},
  abstract = {Mr. Wilson never votes. He doesn't vote because he is not confident
	in his reading capabilities; however, he decided that he will vote
	this year because he heard that blind people will be able to privately
	cast their vote. He said, "If blind people can vote, then so can
	I" At the voting precinct, he shows his identification and receives
	a blank, numbered ballot sheet. He enters a voting booth, placing
	the ballot into the printer. Using a headset with a microphone, he
	is able to make his selections by speaking numbers, which gives him
	confidence that his vote is private. Before printing his ballot,
	he listens to a summary of his selections. He leaves the voting booth
	and places his printed ballot into a secure box. Like Mr. Wilson,
	there are millions of people that don't participate in our electoral
	process due to disabilities and lack of confidence in the equipment.
	Through usable security, Prime III aims to broaden voter participation
	and confidence.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240866.1241006},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-642-4},
  location = {San Jose, CA, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por poder apresentar as alternativas a pessoas analfabetas no
	sistema de voto, 
	
	DDDS embora o abstract pareca desestruturado.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Ebrahim2005,
  author = {Ebrahim, Y. and Abdelsalam, W. and Ahmed, M. and Siu-Cheung Chau},
  title = {Proposing a hybrid tag-camera-based identification and navigation
	aid for the visually impaired},
  journal = {Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2005. CCNC. 2005
	Second IEEE},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 172-177},
  month = {Jan.},
  abstract = {In this paper a barcode-based system to help the visually impaired
	identity objects in the environment and navigate through unknown
	territories is introduced. The system is based on the idea of tagging
	the different objects with 2D barcodes. With the aid of a portable
	camera and a computing device, the system can recognize and relay
	the barcode content to the user. We present the advantages of the
	proposed system compared to those of existing technologies. The different
	steps for recognizing and extracting the barcodes are described and
	applied to a sample image.},
  doi = {10.1109/CCNC.2005.1405164},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { bar codes, cameras, feature extraction, handicapped aids, identification,
	image recognition, image sampling, navigation barcode-based system,
	hybrid tag-camera-based identification, image sampling, navigation,
	visually impaired},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Elizabeth A. Hahn, David Cella, Deborah Dobrez, Gail Shiomoto, Elizabeth
	Marcus, Samuel G. Taylor, Mala Vohra, Chih-Hung Chang, Benjamin D.
	Wright, John M. Linacre, Barry D. Weiss, Veronica Valenzuela, Hsaio-Lin
	Chiang, Kimberly Webster},
  title = {The talking touchscreen: A new approach to outcomes assessment in
	low literacy},
  journal = {Psycho-Oncology},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {Volume 13, Issue 2},
  pages = {86-95},
  abstract = {Purpose. Cancer patients who are deficient in literacy skills are
	particularly vulnerable to experiencing different outcomes due to
	disparities in care or barriers to care. Outcomes measurement in
	low literacy patients may provide new insight into problems previously
	undetected due to the challenges of completing paper-and-pencil forms.
	
	Description of study. A multimedia program was developed to provide
	a quality of life assessment platform that would be acceptable to
	patients with varying literacy skills and computer experience. One
	item at a time is presented on the computer touchscreen, accompanied
	by a recorded reading of the question. Various colors, fonts and
	graphic images are used to enhance visibility, and a small picture
	icon appears near each text element allowing patients to replay the
	sound as many times as they wish. Evaluation questions are presented
	to assess patient burden and preferences.
	
	Results. An ethnically diverse group of 126 cancer patients with a
	range of literacy skills and computer experience reported that the
	talking touchscreen (TT) was easy to use, and commented on the usefulness
	of the multimedia approach.
	
	Clinical implications. The TT is a practical, user-friendly data acquisition
	method that provides greater opportunities to measure self-reported
	outcomes in patients with a range of literacy skills. Copyright ©
	2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar do desenvolvimento de sistemas para pessoas com baixo
	grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Por tratar do desenvolvimento de sistemas para pessoas com baixo
	grau de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Elliott1996,
  author = {Elliott, N. and Kling, R.},
  title = {Organizational usability of digital libraries in the courts},
  journal = {System Sciences, 1996., Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Hawaii International
	Conference on ,},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {62-71 vol.5},
  month = {Jan},
  abstract = {Digital libraries (DLs) are the focus of professional movements in
	the medical, legal, and scholarly communities. DLs are being used
	increasingly nationwide in the legal profession for research; computer-integrated
	court reporting; and for trial presentations of multimedia documents
	and evidence photos. We present results of a study which contributes
	to DL research by examining some new DL design concepts within the
	legal domain. Two key forms of DL usability-interface and organizational-are
	discussed. While the human-computer-interaction (HCI) research community
	has made progress in improving interface usability, organizational
	usability is less well understood. We introduce the concept of organizational
	usability which refers to the mix between a computer system's design
	and an organization's characteristics such that the system can be
	effectively integrated into the work practices of members of the
	organization and is socially accepted by them. We explore the technical
	and sociotechnical dimensions of organizational usability by applying
	them to DLs used in the California Superior Courts},
  doi = {10.1109/HICSS.1996.495299},
  keywords = {full-text databases, human factors, law administration, multimedia
	computing, social aspects of automation, user interfacescomputer-integrated
	court reporting, courts, digital libraries, evidence photos, human-computer
	interaction, interface usability, legal profession, multimedia documents,
	organizational usability, research, social acceptance, sociotechnical,
	system design, trial presentations, user interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Esperanza Huerta, Rodrigo Sandoval-Almazán},
  title = {Digital literacy: Problems faced by telecenter users in Mexico},
  journal = {Information Technology for Development},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {Volume 13, Issue 3},
  pages = {217-232},
  abstract = {This article explores the problems that Internet users of marginalized
	populations face at telecenters (Internet public access sites). Using
	an exploratory case study method and gathering data from users and
	telecenter operators, we have explored users' limitations when using
	the Internet. To interpret the results, this article uses the digital
	literacy framework developed by Eshet-Alkai (2004). Findings reveal
	telecenter users are digitally illiterate in three skills: branching
	ability (ability to navigate through a nonlinear environment to find
	the desired information); reproduction ability (ability to analyze
	and synthesize the information retrieved); and information ability
	(ability to assess the quality of information). Additionally, there
	are technical barriers, such as Internet access speed, which influence
	user's behaviors when searching for information. Finally, the lack
	of knowledge of the English language, which is the predominant languages
	in the Internet, is a barrier that widens the digital divide. Based
	on these findings, this research suggests possible solutions to overcome
	user's problems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate) computacionalmente.
	
	DDDS por naum tratar de aanalfabetismo da lingua.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1163607,
  author = {Michalis Faloutsos},
  title = {You must be joking...: should the internet have an ON/OFF switch?},
  journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {71--72},
  number = {5},
  abstract = {If despite your better judgment you decide to read this article, keep
	in mind that it was written during the summer, and this has been
	the hottest summer ever. To avoid such articles in the future, respond
	to the call below:Request for Contributions: Do you have a news-item
	of interest? Social gossip? Do you have a pressing question that
	needs a serious answer? Don't procrastinate: send me an email with
	"CCR" in the subject.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1163593.1163607},
  issn = {0146-4833},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Feghali1995,
  author = {Feghali, A. and Abi-Aad, M.F. and Abou Jaoudeh, M.E. and Aouad, N.A.
	and Hobeika, E.N.},
  title = {Student orientation program: a guide for higher education in Lebanon},
  journal = {Frontiers in Education Conference, 1995. Proceedings., 1995},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {4b1.1-4b1.5 vol.2},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {The country of Lebanon lacks career orientation and student counseling
	at the high school and college freshman levels. In response to that
	need, we are developing in the Multimedia Center of the Faculty of
	Engineering and Architecture at the American University of Beirut
	(AUB) a multimedia software package that offers help to students
	seeking university education. We conducted a needs analysis using
	questionnaires on a stratified random sample of high school and freshman
	university students. The results were used to tailor the content
	and design of the program to student needs and their computer literacy
	level. The student orientation program (SOP) is trilingual-English,
	French and Arabic-package developed using Asymetrix Multimedia Toolbook
	to be shipped on a CD-ROM. Users will find information about all
	universities in Lebanon and the respective majors offered as well
	as brief descriptions of professional fields of study, and scholarships
	available in Lebanon. Moreover potential university students have
	the choice to solve typical real life problems related to the field
	of study under investigation. Among other options, they can view
	video clip interviews with professionals and academicians that could
	answer typical questions. Finally, SOP provides self-assessment to
	help students identify potential career paths and domains of study
	to make a better choice for their future. We intend to distribute
	this CD-ROM to high schools in Lebanon and the Middle East in an
	attempt to improve career guidance in the region},
  doi = {10.1109/FIE.1995.483184},
  keywords = {CD-ROMs, computer literacy, courseware, employment, human factors,
	multimedia computing, user interfacesAsymetrix Multimedia Toolbook,
	CD-ROM, Lebanon, Multimedia Center, SOP, career guidance, computer
	literacy, higher education, multimedia software package, needs analysis,
	questionnaires, self-assessment, student counseling, student orientation
	program, university education, university students},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1228241,
  author = {Marcus Foth and Victor M. Gonzalez and Wallace Taylor},
  title = {Designing for place-based social interaction of urban residents in
	M\'{e}xico, South Africa and Australia},
  journal = {OZCHI '06: Proceedings of the 20th conference of the computer-human
	interaction special interest group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-human
	interaction: design: activities, artefacts and environments},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {345--348},
  abstract = {The design of technology to facilitate social interaction of urban
	residents is increasingly important for many countries around the
	world. México and South Africa are particularly prone to issues that
	stem from urban densification and a lack of adequate affordable housing.
	Governments look to ICT to take on a mediating and facilitating role.
	This paper reports on research-inprogress of a tri-continental study.
	The external factors and aims of this pilot project identifying local
	case studies to prepare for a larger and longer term international
	comparison of local community networking approaches are examined.
	It is argued that by careful attention to cultural and social assets
	in the community, innovations will be engendered which enhance economic
	and social development. Preliminary design implications for the support
	of neighbourhood interactions across different socio-cultural contexts
	are presented.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1228175.1228241},
  isbn = {1-59593-545-2},
  location = {Sydney, Australia},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1380535,
  author = {F. Fotouhi\&\#45;Ghazvini and P. S. Excell and A. Moeini and D. J.
	Robison},
  title = {A psycho\&\#45;pedagogical approach to m\&\#45;learning in a developing\&\#45;world
	context},
  journal = {Int. J. Mob. Learn. Organ.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {62--80},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {A study of the potential of mobile learning (m-learning) to contribute
	to the development in a typical rapidly developing country (Iran)
	is presented. Established educational theories are applied in order
	to classify potential modalities for m-learning: sample surveys of
	the reactions of typical user groups were taken and analysed. It
	is concluded that m-learning will be the best to be executed within
	the informal framework of learning, not only supplementing the school
	curriculum, but also extending powerfully into lifelong learning,
	especially for isolated rural/agricultural communities. It is further
	concluded that the standard mobile phone is, and will continue for
	some time to be, the dominant platform.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMLO.2008.018718},
  issn = {1746-725X},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos embora trate do contexto de aprendizagem .}
}

@ARTICLE{1360123,
  author = {Konstantinos G. Fouskas and George M. Giaglis and Panos E. Kourouthanassis
	and Stamatis Karnouskos and Andreas Pitsillides and Marinos Stylianou},
  title = {A roadmap for research in mobile business},
  journal = {Int. J. Mob. Commun.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {350--373},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Mobile business research has arguably grown to become one of the most
	topical and complex eBusiness research areas in recent years. As
	a result, researchers face a plethora of interdisciplinary research
	challenges. Understanding the range of these challenges and confronting
	them requires coordinated research efforts, backed up by a holistic
	guiding approach. This paper aims at contributing to the future of
	mobile business research by proposing a roadmap to systematise and
	guide future research efforts, providing a methodical outlook to
	open research issues across all dimensions defining mobile business
	and prioritises future research in each dimension in the form of
	short-, medium-, and long-term research challenges.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMC.2005.007023},
  issn = {1470-949X},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Fowler2001,
  author = {Fowler, K.},
  title = {Giving meaning to measurement},
  journal = {Instrumentation \& Measurement Magazine, IEEE},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {41-45},
  number = {3},
  month = {Sep},
  abstract = {Measurement provides the transformation that represents the relationship
	between one domain and another. Measurement in isolation is meaningless.
	It must fit into the understanding of a system, which has relational,
	interacting components. Measurement always has a reference from which
	it establishes a relationship between domains. We have a colloquial
	expression in America, “Don't miss the forest for the trees.” It
	means that by focusing on the details, we tend to overlook the big
	picture. Sometimes scientists and engineers can see the details but
	miss the overall perspective. This does not have to be. We can overcome
	this failing and thereby build more useful instruments. We need to
	understand who uses measurement, why we measure, and how we measure.
	Upon this basis we can use basic principles of human interactions
	to construct better, more useful instruments. You might call these
	basic principles ergonomics, user interface, human factors; I would
	call it common sense},
  doi = {10.1109/5289.953458},
  issn = {1094-6969},
  keywords = {human factors, measurement theorybasic principles, common sense approach,
	human interactions, meaning of measurement, relational interacting
	components, traceability, useful instruments},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Foy1996,
  author = {Foy, P.S.},
  title = {The re-invention of the corporate information model},
  journal = {Professional Communication, IEEE Transactions on},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {23-29},
  number = {1},
  month = {Mar},
  abstract = {The paper analyzes the changing structures necessary to access business
	knowledge. The information needs of corporate users, especially those
	found in mobile and diverse professional services organizations,
	have expanded as the sheer amount of data available worldwide has
	multiplied. Many corporations are trying to restructure traditional,
	and typically standalone, information repositories and services into
	entities that will better serve today's and tomorrow's business information
	customer. As an example, the paper describes the approach being taken
	to establishing a new information model at the “Big Six” public accounting
	firm Coopers and Lybrand LLP},
  doi = {10.1109/47.486044},
  issn = {0361-1434},
  keywords = {business communication, business data processing, information servicesCoopers
	and Lybrand LLP, business information customer, business knowledge,
	corporate information model, corporate users, diverse professional
	services organizations, information needs, public accounting firm,
	stand alone information repositories},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1179338,
  author = {Jorge Ferreira Franco and Sandra Regina da Cruz and Roseli de Deus
	Lopes},
  title = {Computer graphics, interactive technologies and collaborative learning
	synergy supporting individuals' skills development},
  journal = {SIGGRAPH '06: ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Educators program},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {42},
  abstract = {In this paper, we describe work carried out using the synergy of interactive
	technologies, computer graphics and collaborative learning to improve
	educators and students' knowledge of basic education by supporting
	interdisciplinary work.Through direct manipulating accessible Web
	standard languages such as Hyper Text Markup Language - HTML and
	Virtual Reality Modeling Language - VRML and their templates, we
	used interactive graphics techniques and tools, including learning
	theories and methodologies such as experiential learning as support
	for enhancing children's interest on studying and authoring content
	related to subjects such as Mathematics, Geography, Geometry, Languages
	and Arts.As a consequence of these human and technical interactions,
	including knowledge acquisition, we achieved an increase in individuals'
	traditional and digital literacy skills, social inclusion, and community
	collaborative work engagement inside and outside school environment.
	Further we found an improvement in curriculum development.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1179295.1179338},
  isbn = {1-59593-364-6},
  location = {Boston, Massachusetts},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos embora trate o contexto de educação (aprendizagem).}
}

@ARTICLE{568239,
  author = {Steven Fraser and Giancarlo Succi},
  title = {XP requirement negotiation workshop: co-located with XP2001 --- the
	second international conference on eXtreme programming and agile
	processes in software engineering Villasimius, Cagliari, Italy, 23rd
	May 2001 workshop log},
  journal = {SIGAPP Appl. Comput. Rev.},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {26--31},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {The plan is first to do an introduction with positions + interests
	and then to perform a visioning exercise.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/568235.568239},
  issn = {1559-6915},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{593211,
  author = {Robert Frederking and Alexander Rudnicky and Christopher Hogan and
	Kevin Lenzo},
  title = {Interactive Speech Translation in the Diplomat Project},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {27--42},
  number = {1-2},
  abstract = {The Diplomat rapid-deployment speech-translation system is intended
	to allow naï ve users to communicate across a language barrier, without
	strong domain restrictions, despite the error-prone nature of current
	speech and translation technologies. In addition, it should be deployable
	for new languages an order of magnitude more quickly than traditional
	technologies. Achieving this ambitious set of goals depends in large
	part on allowing the users to correct recognition and translation
	errors interactively. We present the Multi-Engine Machine Translation
	(MEMT) architecture, describing how it is well suited for such an
	application. We then discuss our approaches to rapid-deployment speech
	recognition and synthesis. Finally we describe our incorporation
	of interactive error correction throughout the system design. We
	have already developed working bidirectional Croatian &lrarr2; English
	and Spanish &lrarr2; English systems, and have Haitian Creole &lrarr2;
	English and Korean &lrarr2; English versions under development.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  issn = {0922-6567},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS por tratar de tradução de indiomas, o que pode justificar uma
	abordagem semelhante a pessoas que naum conhecam a lingua (analfabetos
	da lingua).
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{963608,
  author = {John Fulcher and Russell Gluck and Marion Worthy and Kim Draisma
	and Wilma Vialle},
  title = {A neural network, speech-based approach to literacy},
  journal = {ISICT '03: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information
	and communication technologies},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {40--45},
  abstract = {An automatic word recognition system is described which assists orally
	proficient literacy inefficient people to become literate within
	a minimum possible timeframe. The system enables people with a strong
	oral tradition to impart their stories directly in text form, without
	the assistance of a learning facilitator, which is the current best
	practice for such people. This project stems from work with indigenous
	communities, but has far-reaching repercussions beyond this community
	sector, with the potential for benefit to mainstream literacy education
	(Gluck et.al., 1999). It should be emphasized that our system differs
	from virtually all other speech-to-text recognition systems in that
	users are not required to interact via written text (e.g. Kohonen,
	1988); at the heart of the system is a neural network-based pattern
	recognizer which translates speech patterns into visual rather than
	textual cues. Results obtained to date using this system are reported.},
  location = {Dublin, Ireland},
  publisher = {Trinity College Dublin},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de usuarios com dificuldades de escrita, embora proficientes
	a niveis orais.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de usuarios com dificuldades de escrita,
	embora proficientes a niveis orais.}
}

@ARTICLE{963608,
  author = {John Fulcher and Russell Gluck and Marion Worthy and Kim Draisma
	and Wilma Vialle},
  title = {A neural network, speech-based approach to literacy},
  journal = {ISICT '03: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information
	and communication technologies},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {40--45},
  location = {Dublin, Ireland},
  publisher = {Trinity College Dublin},
  review = {DDD1 negado por ja ter sido mapeado em outro sistema.}
}

@ARTICLE{1394460,
  author = {Andr\'{e} Wilson Brotto Furtado and Taciana Pontual Falc\, {a}o and
	Alex Sandro Gomes and Carlos Eduardo and Monteiro Rodrigues and Roberto
	Sonnino},
  title = {e-du box: educational multimedia with tangible-enhanced interaction},
  journal = {DIS '08: Proceedings of the 7th ACM conference on Designing interactive
	systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {139--146},
  abstract = {Media resources usage has significant impact on children literacy
	in the first school years in Brazil [5]. Computer software and tangible
	interfaces can help engage pupils in effective learning activities.
	Tangible interfaces built with familiar objects of our everyday lives
	such as wood and tissues are well accepted by pupils. In this work,
	we detail our design and evaluation of e-du box -- an educational,
	authoring and sharing multimedia platform including a tangible companion
	that provides feedback for users. We employed a participatory design
	process based on providing supports intended to help children engage
	in different tasks. We could elicit a list of design guidelines for
	this specific application. We discuss our experience with this design
	approach and explore its implications.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1394445.1394460},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-002-9},
  location = {Cape Town, South Africa},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos embora trate do problema de aprendizagem}
}

@ARTICLE{G2006,
  author = {G Ndlovu, G.O. and Terzoli, A. and Petersen, A. and Muyingi, H. and
	Krishna Rao, G.S.V.R.},
  title = {Development of a localized e-commerce for music using indigenous
	knowledge - a South African experience},
  journal = {Advanced Communication Technology, 2006. ICACT 2006. The 8th International
	Conference},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {3},
  pages = { 4 pp.-},
  month = {Feb.},
  abstract = {This paper presents a project currently underway in the Eastern Cape
	province of South Africa. The project is aimed at providing solutions
	for underprivileged and disadvantaged communities, to help solve
	some of their needs by creating localized computer-based solutions
	based on indigenous knowledge. This would help bridge the digital
	divide, as these computer solutions are closer to the local users.
	The project entails studying the community in question and understanding
	their way of life and then develop software solutions that use features
	that they are familiar with and use their language. The project asks
	the community to partake in the development of the solution and then
	reap benefits from whatever revenue stream the project would enable.
	An added benefit is that we should be able to preserve the cultural
	aspects of the community while bringing forth best class modernity.
	Key areas that the project affects are: education, music, artworks,
	written or documented history etc. Younger as well as future generations
	have a chance to be inventive, innovative and hopefully become the
	future developers and develop their own software solutions.},
  keywords = { electronic commerce, humanities, knowledge management South Africa,
	artworks, cultural aspects, education, indigenous knowledge, localized
	e-commerce, music, software solutions},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1328105,
  author = {Helani Galpaya and Rohan Samarajiva and Shamistra Soysa},
  title = {Taking e-government to the bottom of the pyramid: dial-a-gov?},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {233--241},
  abstract = {Much attention has been paid to the use of ICTs to improve the delivery
	of government services to citizens in developing countries. Government
	and donor funds have adopted two strategies in parallel: (i) the
	re-engineering and automating of government services, and (ii) the
	installation of telecenters (community Internet access centers) for
	citizens to access reengineered government "e-Gov" services.
	
	
	The model of delivering e-Gov via the Internet has major drawbacks
	as shown by survey data representing 397 million people at the Bottom
	of the Pyramid (BOP) in India, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka and
	Thailand. First, only 49% have even heard of the Internet and only
	2.6% have used it [15]. Second, it will take a lot more time and
	significant funds to roll-out enough telecenters to cover the BOP
	sufficiently. Third, most telecenters fail, while the successful
	ones are sustained by revenues from non-Internet services such as
	voice calls, fax and photocopying. But even these revenue streams
	may dwindle - according to our survey, over 40% of current BOP non-owners
	plan to purchase a phone within 2 years. They will spend their already-limited
	communications budgets on phones they own, not at a telecenter.
	
	
	By viewing the telephone as the end-device for e-service delivery,
	implementers can automate those parts of a government process that
	can deliver value quickly, through "smaller" (less complicated, therefore
	less likely to fail) applications. By not seeking to re-engineer
	entire government departments, these projects face less resistance
	to change from public-sector employees. Given that over 90% of those
	at the BOP use phones already [15], significant use is more likely
	if the necessary attention is paid to language, design and publicity.
	
	
	The Internet, accessed at a telecenter, and sophisticated e-Government
	systems will play a role in providing "higher-end" citizen services,
	for example submitting a passport application online with an uploaded
	digital photograph. But at a time when the Internet is barely reaching
	10.3 million people at the BOP in these countries, the paper argues
	that phones are the cheaper, more immediate and ubiquitous tool for
	Asian governments to inform, transact and interact with almost 400
	million of their most needy citizens.
	
	
	The paper presents an alternative, telephone-centric model for electronic
	delivery of public services citizens. It draws on research conducted
	by LIRNEasia in 2006 and previously published as well as unpublished
	e-Gov case studies.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328105},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS embora trate de fatores de ubiquidade e o analfabetismo, mesmo
	naum tendo sido mencionaod, eh uma das barreiras do projeto.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Ganz1999,
  author = {Ganz, A. and Se Hyun Park and Ganz, Z.},
  title = {Security broker for multimedia wireless LANs: design, implementation
	and testbed},
  journal = {Military Communications Conference Proceedings, 1999. MILCOM 1999.
	IEEE},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {1292-1296 vol.2},
  abstract = {To secure interactive multimedia applications in wireless LANs (WLANs)
	it is pertinent to implement a number of security services such as
	authentication, key exchange and real-time encryption/decryption.
	WLANs, though, present a complex and challenging environment for
	implementing such security services since these services may deplete
	the limited network resources and increase the burden of supporting
	quality of service for multimedia applications. Consequently, a broker
	is needed to mediate proper security considering inputs such as user
	security requirements, user security literacy, available network
	resources, and security routines performance. In this paper we introduce
	a security broker that we have designed to fulfil these complex mediation
	needs. This broker is implemented in software and tested in a wireless
	LAN testbed. The reported security broker design and implementation
	considers the wireless LAN environment as well as the multimedia
	applications' quality of service requirements such as delay and throughput.
	We also introduce an inline encryption/decryption software that encrypts/decrypts
	traffic on the fly. Our experiments show that in cases where relatively
	modern computers are used with properly chosen standard encryptors,
	then such computers can sustain the throughput and security requirements
	of interactive multimedia applications for WLANs such as telephone-quality
	audio, video conferencing, and MPEG video},
  doi = {10.1109/MILCOM.1999.821412},
  keywords = {cryptography, decoding, message authentication, multimedia communication,
	quality of service, telecommunication security, telecommunication
	traffic, teleconferencing, video coding, wireless LANMPEG video,
	WLAN, Windows platform, authentication, delay, experiments, inline
	encryption/decryption software, interactive multimedia applications,
	key exchange, multimedia wireless LAN, network resources, quality
	of service, quality of service requirements, real-time encryption/decryption,
	security broker, security routines performance, security services,
	software, telephone-quality audio, throughput, user security literacy,
	user security requirements, video conferencing, wireless LAN design,
	wireless LAN implementation, wireless LAN testbed},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{792564,
  author = {Fredric Gey and Noriko Kando and Carol Peters},
  title = {Cross language information retrieval: a research roadmap},
  journal = {SIGIR Forum},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {72--80},
  number = {2},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/792550.792564},
  issn = {0163-5840},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{766014,
  author = {Kaushik Ghosh and Tapan S. Parikh and Apala Lahiri Chavan},
  title = {Design considerations for a financial management system for rural,
	semi-literate users},
  journal = {CHI '03: CHI '03 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {824--825},
  abstract = {In this paper, we describe the design process, results, and general
	observations obtained in designing a user interface for managing
	community-based micro-finance institutions in rural India. The primary
	users studied were semi-literate village women. We discuss our contextual
	study observations and conclude by presenting a grounded design approach
	that best leverages the existing learning patterns of the users.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/765891.766014},
  isbn = {1-58113-637-4},
  location = {Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	semi analfabetos.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	semi analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{966909,
  author = {Jean-Yves Girard},
  title = {Locus Solum: From the rules of logic to the logic of rules},
  journal = {Mathematical. Structures in Comp. Sci.},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {301--506},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Go back to An-fang, the Peace Square at An-Fang, the Beginning Place
	at An-Fang, where all things start (…) An-Fang was near a city, the
	only living city with a pre-atomic name (…) The headquarters of the
	People Programmer was at An-Fang, and there the mistake happened:
	A ruby trembled. Two tourmaline nets failed to rectify the laser
	beam. A diamond noted the error. Both the error and the correction
	went into the general computer.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S096012950100336X},
  issn = {0960-1295},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e abstract confuso.}
}

@ARTICLE{1240894,
  author = {Gloria Gomez},
  title = {A bridging design prototype for investigating concept mapping in
	the preschool community},
  journal = {CHI '07: CHI '07 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1747--1752},
  abstract = {This paper reports on studies where teachers from two different preschools
	incorporated a Bridging Design Prototype (BDP) for concept mapping
	into classroom activities. Designed under inclusive, participatory,
	and user-centered principles, the BDP was used to perform observations
	for assessing an interaction problem and refining the user community
	profile. The observation findings will inform next stage of product
	development.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240866.1240894},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-642-4},
  location = {San Jose, CA, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{376143,
  author = {Seymour E. Goodman and James B. Gottstein and Diane S. Goodman},
  title = {International perspectives: wiring the wilderness in Alaska and the
	Yukon},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {21--26},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/376134.376143},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{29905,
  author = {Jim Gray},
  title = {A view of database system performance measures},
  journal = {SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev.},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {3--4},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Database systems allow quick creation of performance problems. The
	goal of database systems is to allow the computer-illiterate to write
	complex and complete applications. It is the job of the system to
	translate a high-level description of data and procedures into efficient
	algorithms. The REAL performance metric of a system is how successfully
	it meets these goals. Practitioners use a much narrower definition
	of system performance. They assume a standard workload and measure
	performance by peak throughput and by dollar cost per transaction.
	Although many vendors have “private” performance measures, Bitton,
	Dewitt, and Turbyfill were the first to publish a measure of database
	system performance [Bitton]. Their measure, here called the Wisconsin
	benchmark, consists of a database design, a set of 32 retrieval and
	update statements, and a script for multi-user tests. They give two
	performance metrics: the elapsed time for each statement and the
	throughput of the system when running sixteen simultaneous scripts.
	No response time requirement or cost measure is included in the definition.
	The Wisconsin benchmark is the most widely used database benchmark.
	Largely in response to the Wisconsin benchmark, an informal group
	including Bitton and Dewitt, defined a benchmark more representative
	of transaction processing applications [Anon]. Its workload is: SCAN
	- A mini-batch operation to sequentially copy 1000 records SORT -
	A batch operation to sort one million records. DebitCredit - A short
	transaction with terminal input and output via X.25, presentation
	services, and a mix of five database accesses. The DebitCredit transaction
	has rules for scaling the terminal network and database size as the
	transaction rate increases, and also rules for distributing transactions
	if the system is decentralized. The performance metrics for this
	benchmark are: Elapsed time for the SCAN and SORT. Peak throughput
	for the DebitCredit transaction at 1 second response time for 95%
	of the transactions. This gives a TPS (Transactions Per Second) rating.
	Price per transaction where price is the 5-year cost of hardware,
	software and maintenance. This is sometimes called the vendors-view
	of price. This benchmark has been adopted by several vendors to compare
	their performance and price performance from release to release and
	also to compare their performance to competitive products. MIPS,
	Whetstones and MegaFLOPs have served a similar role in the scientific
	community. A system's TPS rating indicates not just processor speed,
	but also IO architecture, operating system, data communications and
	database software performance. Unfortunately, it does not capture
	ease-of-use. Work continues on formalizing these benchmarks. At present
	they are written in English. Ultimately they should be defined by
	a file generator and a set of programs written in a standard database
	language such as COBOL-SQL. When a vendor first measures his system
	against these benchmarks, the results are usually terrible. Both
	benchmarks are designed to expose generic performance bugs in frequently
	used transaction processing atoms. For example, the Wisconsin and
	SCAN benchmarks heavily penalize a system which is slow to read the
	next record in a file. A system with poor performance on these benchmarks
	can be analyzed as follows: Most vendors have an “atomic” model of
	their system which represents each transaction as a collection of
	atoms. The atoms are the primitives of the system. For example, the
	SCAN benchmark is represented by most vendors as: SCAN: BEGIN TRANSACTION
	PERFORM 1000 TIMES READ SEQUENTIAL INSERT SEQUENTIAL COMMIT TRANSACTION
	The atomic weights for, BEGIN, READ SEQUENTIAL, INSERT SEQUENTIAL,
	and COMMIT are measured for each release. The atomic weight usually
	consists of CPU instructions, message bytes, and disc IOs for a “typical”
	call to that operation. These weights can be converted to service
	times by knowing the speeds and utilizations of the devices (processors,
	discs, lines) used for the application. The molecular weight and
	service time of SCAN can then be computed as the sum of the atomic
	weights. Defining and measuring a system's atoms is valuable. It
	produces a simple conceptual model of how the system is used. Atomic
	measurements also expose performance bugs. For example, based on
	the SCAN benchmark, most systems perform READ SEQUENTIAL in 1000
	instructions and with .02 disc IO. If a system uses many more instructions
	or many more IO then it has a performance problem. Similarly, the
	DebitCredit transaction typically consumes about 2OOKi (thousand
	instructions) and five disc IO per transaction. One system is known
	to use 800Ki and 14 IO per transaction. The vendor could use atomic
	measurement to find the causes of such poor performance. When such
	problems are localized to an atom, solutions to the problem readily
	suggest themselves. So, atomic measurement is useful for performance
	assurance and performance improvement. Atomic measurement also has
	a major role in system sizing and in capacity planning. If the customer
	can describe his application in terms of atoms, then a spreadsheet
	application can give him an estimate of the CPU, disc and line cost
	for the application. With substantially more effort (and assumptions)
	the system's response time can be predicted. With even more effort,
	a prototype system can be generated and benchmarked from the atomic
	transaction descriptions. Snapshot [Stewart] and Envision [Envison]
	are examples of systems which combine atomic modeling, queue modeling,
	and ultimately benchmarking of real systems generated from the atomic
	description of the application.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/29904.29905},
  issn = {0163-5999},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 abstract muito longo, naum estruturado}
}

@ARTICLE{29905,
  author = {Jim Gray},
  title = {A view of database system performance measures},
  journal = {SIGMETRICS '87: Proceedings of the 1987 ACM SIGMETRICS conference
	on Measurement and modeling of computer systems},
  year = {1987},
  pages = {3--4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/29903.29905},
  isbn = {0-89791-225-X},
  location = {Banff, Alberta, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado por outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1040879,
  author = {Ilenia Graziola and Fabio Pianesi and Massimo Zancanaro and Dina
	Goren-Bar},
  title = {Dimensions of adaptivity in mobile systems: personality and people's
	attitudes},
  journal = {IUI '05: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent
	user interfaces},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {223--230},
  abstract = {In this work, we present a study about adaptation on a mobile museum
	guide aiming at investigating the relationships between personality
	traits and the attitudes toward some basic dimensions of adaptivity.
	Each participant was exposed to two simulated systems that realized
	an adaptive and a non-adaptive version, respectively, on each of
	the dimensions investigated. The study showed interesting effects
	of Big Five personality traits on acceptance of the adaptivity dimensions;
	in particular conscientiousness, creativity and stability. Locus
	of control seemed to have a limited yet quite selective effect on
	delegating to the system the choice of follow-ups.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1040830.1040879},
  isbn = {1-58113-894-6},
  location = {San Diego, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{602351,
  author = {Jean H. Greyling and Andre P. Calitz},
  title = {The development of a computerised multimedia tutorial system for
	a diverse student population},
  journal = {AFRIGRAPH '03: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on
	Computer graphics, virtual Reality, visualisation and interaction
	in Africa},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {109--116},
  abstract = {Higher education institutions are relying less on the matriculation
	marks of prospective students and are implementing computerised testing
	systems in order to test and select students. These institutions
	are assessing and accepting prospective students from a diverse background,
	especially relating to previous exposure to technology and specifically
	in the use of computers. Prospective students with limited or no
	previous exposure in the use of computers and human-computer interfaces
	(HCI) are disadvantaged further when completing computerised admission
	tests. A computerised multimedia tutorial system (ACCUTUT) was developed
	in order to train prospective students in the use of computerised
	admission test user interfaces. This paper discussed the development
	of ACCUTUT and shows that the use of such a computerised multimedia
	tutorial system can eliminate most user interface problems experienced
	by prospective students when completing computerised admission tests.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/602330.602351},
  isbn = {1-58113-643-9},
  location = {Cape Town, South Africa},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1268622,
  author = {Wendy Griswold and Erin Metz McDonnell and Terence Emmett McDonnell},
  title = {Glamour and Honor: Going Online and Reading in West African Culture},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {37--52},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {In the fragile reading cultures of the developing world, will people
	abandon print as they embrace the Internet? Whether media compete
	or collaborate depends on place-specific factors. West Africans insert
	online practices into a local context of material circumstances,
	social roles, and cultural values. In Nigeria and Ghana these include
	(1) unreliable electricity and execrable telephone service; (2) overworked
	women, jobless young men, scammers, and ambitious teenagers; and
	(3) a reading culture of limited penetration but enormous prestige.
	Internet access via cybercafés has intensified personal communications,
	reinforced gender inequality, and enabled petty crooks to go global.
	It has not, however, encroached on reading's all-but-sacred status.
	Both netsavvy youth and the adult “reading class” protect reading
	practices through spatial and temporal separation, time management,
	and functional differentiation. These preserve the honored position
	of reading despite West Africans' enthusiasm for the glamour of going
	online.},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/itid.2007.3.4.37},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1216441,
  author = {Kristina H\"{o}\"{o}k and Per Persson and Marie Sj\"{o}linder},
  title = {Evaluating users' experience of a character-enhanced information
	space},
  journal = {AI Commun.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {195--212},
  number = {3},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  issn = {0921-7126},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema.}
}

@ARTICLE{1216441,
  author = {Kristina H\"{o}\"{o}k and Per Persson and Marie Sj\"{o}linder},
  title = {Evaluating users' experience of a character-enhanced information
	space},
  journal = {AI Commun.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {195--212},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {We created the characters Agneta & Frida with the intent to strengthen
	and encourage exploration of information spaces. In a follow&dash;up
	study we tried to capture whether users found the characters believable,
	whether they raised affective responses in users, and whether they
	created a richer, more narratively oriented, experience of the space.
	In order to do so, we had to develop new criteria and methods of
	understanding users' conceptions and affective responses. We discuss
	the study in detail, as well as the general implications for how
	to perform user studies and design of character&dash;enhanced systems.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  issn = {0921-7126},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{Haasbroek1992,
  author = {Haasbroek, J.L.},
  title = {The challenges of utilizing intelligent human-computer interface
	technology in South Africa and other African developing countries},
  journal = {Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1992., IEEE International Conference
	on},
  year = {1992},
  pages = {821-826 vol.1},
  month = {Oct},
  abstract = {Labor mismatch problems frequently occur in developing countries,
	like South Africa, that acquire advanced technology from developed
	countries. Some of these problems also occur globally. Many are,
	however, a result of the unique socio-cultural background of the
	labor force. Special attention must be paid to human factors in the
	local context to fully exploit the potential of advanced technology.
	In many cases intelligent interfaces appear to present the most viable
	solution. However, it is not a panacea. In certain instances a technological
	solution is not feasible and training may be the only alternative.
	Three key challenges in ensuring the effective exploitation of intelligent
	interface technology in South Africa and other African developing
	countries are described. The complexity, and consequently the risk,
	in the development of intelligent interface technology can be controlled
	in several ways, which are discussed},
  doi = {10.1109/ICSMC.1992.271524},
  keywords = {human factors, social aspects of automation, user interfacesAfrican
	developing countries, South Africa, advanced technology, human factors,
	intelligent human-computer interface technology, labour mismatch
	problems, socio-cultural background},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{324905,
  author = {John ``maddog'' Hall},
  title = {Linux on Alpha: A Strategic Choice},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  pages = {5},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{990659,
  author = {Vicki L. Hanson},
  title = {The user experience: designs and adaptations},
  journal = {W4A '04: Proceedings of the 2004 international cross-disciplinary
	workshop on Web accessibility (W4A)},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {1--11},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/990657.990659},
  isbn = {1-58113-903-9},
  location = {New York City, New York},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{990659,
  author = {Vicki L. Hanson},
  title = {The user experience: designs and adaptations},
  journal = {W4A '04: Proceedings of the 2004 international cross-disciplinary
	workshop on Web accessibility (W4A)},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {1--11},
  abstract = {Specifications for accessibility of Web pages do not necessarily guarantee
	a usable or satisfying Web experience for persons with disabilities.
	The needs of many of these individuals fall outside guidelines for
	accessible content. Many of these users, for example, wish that they
	simply could "enlarge" what is on a Web page. They also express the
	wish that pages would be "less confusing". To meet these needs, Web
	browsers and various software applications provide for a variety
	of ways in which page presentations can be altered. The effects of
	these alterations often have unexpected consequences. Some designs
	accommodate these alterations better than others. This paper discusses
	one such application that allows users to control features of Web
	page presentation and explores design features that facilitate such
	control.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/990657.990659},
  isbn = {1-58113-903-9},
  location = {New York City, New York},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1028661,
  author = {Vicki L. Hanson and John T. Richards},
  title = {A web accessibility service: update and findings},
  journal = {SIGACCESS Access. Comput.},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {169--176},
  number = {77-78},
  abstract = {We report here on our progress on a project first described at the
	ASSETS 2002 conference. At that time, we had developed a prototype
	system in which a proxy server intermediary was used to adapt Web
	pages to meet the needs of older adults. Since that report, we field
	tested the prototype and learned of problems with the proxy approach.
	We report on the lessons learned from that work and on our new approach
	towards meeting the Web needs of older adults and users with disabilities.
	This new software makes adaptations on the client machine, with greater
	accuracy and speed than was possible with the proxy server approach.
	It transforms Web pages "on the fly", without requiring that all
	Web content be re-written. The new software has been in use for a
	year and we report here on our findings from the usage. We discuss
	this approach in the context of Web accessibility standards and Web
	usability.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1029014.1028661},
  issn = {1558-2337},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Atsusi Hirumi},
  title = {Assessing the needs of public education: A tale of two models},
  journal = {Performance + Instruction},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {Volume 33, Issue 5},
  pages = {23-30},
  abstract = {No Abstract.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1290316,
  author = {Shu-Chun Ho and Robert J. Kauffman and Ting-Peng Liang},
  title = {A growth theory perspective on B2C e-commerce growth in Europe: An
	exploratory study},
  journal = {Electron. Commer. Rec. Appl.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {237--259},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Information and communication technologies (ICTs) continue to have
	a profound effect on the economies and societies where they are used.
	In this article, we propose three related theories to describe the
	underlying mechanism for growth in e-commerce revenues at the national
	level. Endogenous growth theory posits that the primary drivers of
	e-commerce growth are internal to a country. Exogenous growth theory
	suggests that the primary drivers of e-commerce growth are external
	to an economic system, and reflect the forces of the regional economy.
	A blend of these, a mixed endogenous-exogenous growth theory, incorporates
	drivers from both the economy and the region of a country. We test
	a number of hypotheses about e-commerce growth in the context of
	these theories. The key variables include Internet penetration, telecommunication
	investment intensity, venture capital and credit card availability,
	and education level. The data are drawn from 17 European countries
	over a five-year period from 2000 to 2004, and are analyzed using
	panel data regression with robust error terms, a variant of weighted
	least squares. The results show the differential efficacy of internal
	and external drivers as endogenous and exogenous precursors of e-commerce
	growth across the countries for a number of different modeling specifications.
	We conclude with a discussion of alternative approaches to model
	e-commerce growth in a country. The results also suggest the appropriateness
	of exploring models of regional contagion for e-commerce growth.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2006.06.003},
  issn = {1567-4223},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1089565,
  author = {Shuchun Ho and Robert J. Kauffman and Ting-Peng Liang},
  title = {A growth theory perspective on the international diffusion of e-commerce},
  journal = {ICEC '05: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Electronic
	commerce},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {57--65},
  abstract = {This research explores the reasons why electronic commerce practices
	have diffused around the world at the national level of analysis,
	due to forces that are both internal and external to the countries
	in which diffusion is observed to occur. We propose two related growth
	theories that contribute contrasting viewpoints about the origins
	of the drivers of diffusion: endogenous growth theory and exogenous
	growth theory. We use the former theory to argue that the primary
	drivers of diffusion stem from economic forces that are internal
	to a country, including its government policies (e.g., tax on online
	stores), wealth, infrastructure, readiness, education levels, and
	so on. The latter theory suggests that the primary drivers are external
	to the economy, and may reflect the forces present in the regional
	economy, international drivers of technological change, trade flows
	and so on. We explore the efficacy of these alternative perspectives
	in a set of propositions for the drivers of national-level diffusion
	of e-commerce that spans developed and developing nations.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1089551.1089565},
  isbn = {1-59593-112-0},
  location = {Xi'an, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1321986,
  author = {Giovanni M. de Holanda and Ismael M. A. \'{A}vila and Ricardo B.
	Martins},
  title = {Mapping users' perspectives and outlining social impacts from digitalization
	of terrestrial TV in Brazil},
  journal = {Telemat. Inf.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {19--35},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {The digital divide has numerous aspects and is as dynamic as the technology
	industry is able to develop and disseminate new ICTs and services,
	thus increasing or creating new gaps among the more advanced societies
	and those still hampered by social and economic problems. In developing
	countries the diffusion of new technologies is often hindered by
	factors such as insufficient income, deficient infrastructure, cultural
	barriers and lack of information. Brazil is no exception to that
	rule, and all information and communication technologies (ICT) diffusion
	surveys undertaken to date confirm the trend that digital exclusion
	is following the dreadful pattern of social exclusion. The income
	disparities in Brazil are very severe and, also due to the country's
	huge territory and complex geographical and cultural formations,
	a technological innovation is seldom capable of reaching the population
	as a whole and benefiting the entire society. One outstanding exception
	is the terrestrial (free-to-air) TV, which, after about 50 years
	since its introduction, has reached an adoption rate of more than
	90%, and now covers the whole country, with enormous sociocultural
	consequences. In view of this, and with the objective of addressing
	the problem of digital exclusion, the Brazilian Government has devised
	the deployment of digital terrestrial television-DTT-as a singular
	opportunity to reduce the digital divide and to promote the access
	of the population to interactive and citizenship services through
	an already familiar interface, thus avoiding or reducing cultural
	constraints and illiteracy barriers usually posed by other ICTs.
	This study undertakes a comprehensive discussion of that policy and
	its effects, and provides some data to support the strategy: the
	results of two interrelated studies; one that maps TV users' characteristics
	and expectations regarding digital TV, and another that models the
	social network effects on the diffusion of DTT into Brazilian society
	and the users' behavior when facing the new media, namely, an agent-based
	modeling and simulation-ABMS. The model uses the mapping information
	as input to test some hypothetical scenarios in the diffusion process,
	so as to identify factors that affect the overall diffusion process.
	All these studies are in the scope of a broader and deeper methodology
	for ex ante analysis.},
  address = {Tarrytown, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2006.01.001},
  issn = {0736-5853},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press, Inc.},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar formas de se avaliar a diminuição de barreiras
	de acesso a inclusive pessoas com baixo grau de alfabetização, 
	
	DDDS no entanto naum eh o foco do artigo.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Holmes2002,
  author = {Holmes, N.},
  title = {Computers, programming and people},
  journal = {Computer},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {35},
  pages = { 112, 110-111},
  number = {3},
  month = {Mar},
  abstract = {Now part of consumer society and marketed globally, computers are
	designed to be sold rather than used. Software marketers, e-businesses,
	and their technicians consider having an understanding of how the
	underlying machinery works to be utterly irrelevant. For them, the
	most important skills are marketing, management, and graphical expertise.
	The profession should strive to make it easy for people to exploit
	the computer on their own terms in their own culture. The symbolic
	programming system should be completely straightforward, but adaptable
	to different writing systems. Any complexity should be subsumed by
	the operating system or concealable within the macro-coding system},
  doi = {10.1109/MC.2002.989943},
  issn = {0018-9162},
  keywords = {computers, human factors, programming, social aspects of automationcomputers,
	human factors, macro coding, operating system, programming, symbolic
	programming, user friendliness},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{258750,
  author = {Lichan Hong and Shigeru Muraki and Arie Kaufman and Dirk Bartz and
	Taosong He},
  title = {Virtual voyage: interactive navigation in the human colon},
  journal = {SIGGRAPH '97: Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer
	graphics and interactive techniques},
  year = {1997},
  pages = {27--34},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/258734.258750},
  isbn = {0-89791-896-7},
  publisher = {ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1151034,
  author = {Se-Joon Hong and Kar Yan Tam and Jinwoo Kim},
  title = {Mobile data service fuels the desire for uniqueness},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {49},
  pages = {89--94},
  number = {9},
  abstract = {Mobile content creators and service providers can leverage users'
	desire to be unique to expand revenue.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1151030.1151034},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos abstract muito curto.}
}

@ARTICLE{Hua2002,
  author = {Jing Hua and Hong Qin},
  title = {Dynamic implicit solids with constraints for haptic sculpting},
  journal = {Shape Modeling International, 2002. Proceedings},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {119-129},
  abstract = {We present a novel, interactive shape modeling technique: dynamic
	implicit solid modeling, which unifies volumetric implicit functions
	and powerful physics-based modeling. Although implicit functions
	are extremely powerful in graphics, geometric design, and shape modeling,
	the full potential of implicit functions is yet to be fully realized
	due to the lack of flexible and interactive design techniques. In
	order to broaden the accessibility of implicit functions in geometric
	modeling, we marry the implicit solids, which are semi-algebraic
	sets of volumetric implicit functions, with the principle of physics-based
	models and formulate dynamic implicit solids. By using "density springs"
	to connect the scalar values of implicit functions, we offer a viable
	solution to introduce the elasticity into implicit representations.
	As a result, our dynamic implicit solids respond to sculpting forces
	in a natural and predictive manner. The geometric and physical behaviors
	are tightly coupled in our modeling system. The flexibility of our
	modeling technique allows users to easily modify the geometry and
	topology of sculpted objects, while the inherent physical properties
	can provide a natural interface for direct, force-based free-form
	deformation. The additional constraints provide users more control
	on the dynamic implicit solids. We have developed a sculpting system
	equipped with a large variety of physics-based toolkits and an intuitive
	haptic interface to facilitate the direct, natural editing of implicit
	functions in real-time. Our experiments demonstrate many attractive
	advantages of our dynamic approach for implicit modeling such as
	intuitive control, direct manipulation, real-time haptic feedback,
	and capability to model complicated geometry and arbitrary topology},
  doi = {10.1109/SMI.2002.1003536},
  keywords = {computational geometry, haptic interfaces, real-time systems, solid
	modelling, topologydensity springs, direct manipulation, dynamic
	implicit solid modeling, dynamic implicit solids, elasticity, experiments,
	force-based free-form deformation, geometric design, geometric modeling,
	haptic sculpting, interactive shape modeling, intuitive haptic interface,
	physics-based modeling, real-time haptic feedback, scalar values,
	semi-algebraic sets, topology, volumetric implicit functions},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{598731,
  author = {Chung-Ming Huang and Ming-Yuhe Jang and Chih-Wei Tung},
  title = {Phone-Web: Accessing WWW using a telephone set},
  journal = {World Wide Web},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {161--178},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {In order to provide a ubiquitous, comprehensive and versatile service
	on the WWW the development of a WWW telephone browsing system named
	Phone-Web is proposed. This Phone-Web browser system would act as
	an intermediary between the telephone user and Web sites, thereby
	facilitating access to the WWW from any phone. The Phone-Web system
	would filter Web page information and then convert it into speech
	format. Users of the Phone-Web system could retrieve and hear information
	stored on WWW servers by using telephone handsets. For this system
	to work it requires a new hypertext language “Hyper Phone Markup
	Language” (HPML) and a dedicated Phone-Web browser. By using the
	proposed HPML language, Web page designers can easily specify service
	information in a set of HPML pages, which would be included in the
	site they are designing. The Phone-Web browser would be capable of
	retrieving and then converting the HPML pages into speech patterns.
	By connecting to the Phone-Web browser, telephone users can access
	any information on any site using the HPML language from any telephone
	anywhere in the world. However, HPML-specified pages can also be
	accessed using existing browsers (e.g., Netscape Navigator, Microsoft
	Internet Explorer, etc.) This means that both telephone and computer
	users can now access the same set of Web pages to retrieve the same
	information. Therefore, instead of maintaining the existing two systems
	(access via the telephone or computer) service providers can now
	maintain one system, which would provide a versatile, and comprehensive
	service for users at all levels of Web-literacy.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019204907457},
  issn = {1386-145X},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos embora trate do problema de analfabetiso de
	web especificamente.}
}

@ARTICLE{1347571,
  author = {Robert C. Hubal and Diana H. Fishbein and Monica S. Sheppard and
	Mallie J. Paschall and Diana L. Eldreth and Christopher T. Hyde},
  title = {How do varied populations interact with embodied conversational agents?
	Findings from inner-city adolescents and prisoners},
  journal = {Comput. Hum. Behav.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {1104--1138},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Two studies were conducted to identify individual characteristics
	that predict behavioral responses to violence prevention interventions.
	These studies used embodied conversational agents (ECAs) to create
	hypothetical social situations (called virtual vignettes) to assess
	interpersonal competency skills. One study was of male inner-city
	African-American adolescents, and the second was of male prisoners
	in a state correctional system. In pre- and post-intervention sessions,
	participants interacted with an ECA that tried to entice them into
	making risky decisions. The virtual vignette sessions tested participants'
	negotiation and conflict resolution skills. Results showed differing
	tendencies for participants to be engaged by the virtual vignettes.
	The vignettes were sufficiently realistic to elicit differences in
	behavior among the adolescents, but generally not for the prisoners.
	Prior acceptance, accessibility, and usability data suggest that
	most users readily accept ECAs as valid conversational partners.
	The evidence presented here suggests that the technology - or the
	setting in which the technology is used - is not by itself sufficient
	to actively engage users. The usefulness of virtual vignettes to
	adequately predict future behavior may be at least partially influenced
	by participant characteristics.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.010},
  issn = {0747-5632},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1361206,
  author = {Matt Huenerfauth and Liming Zhao and Erdan Gu and Jan Allbeck},
  title = {Evaluation of American Sign Language Generation by Native ASL Signers},
  journal = {ACM Trans. Access. Comput.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {1--27},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {There are many important factors in the design of evaluation studies
	for systems that generate animations of American Sign Language (ASL)
	sentences, and techniques for evaluating natural language generation
	of written texts are not easily adapted to ASL. When conducting user-based
	evaluations, several cultural and linguistic characteristics of members
	of the American Deaf community must be taken into account so as to
	ensure the accuracy of evaluations involving these users. This article
	describes an implementation and user-based evaluation (by native
	ASL signers) of a prototype ASL natural language generation system
	that produces sentences containing classifier predicates, which are
	frequent and complex spatial phenomena that previous ASL generators
	have not produced. Native signers preferred the system's output to
	Signed English animations -- scoring it higher in grammaticality,
	understandability, and naturalness of movement. They were also more
	successful at a comprehension task after viewing the system's classifier
	predicate animations.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1361203.1361206},
  issn = {1936-7228},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos 
	
	AAAS no entanto trata de acessibilidade para usuarios surdos que podem
	naum ter habilidades de leituras bem desenvolvidas.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1296879,
  author = {Matt Huenerfauth and Liming Zhao and Erdan Gu and Jan Allbeck},
  title = {Evaluating American Sign Language generation through the participation
	of native ASL signers},
  journal = {Assets '07: Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference
	on Computers and accessibility},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {211--218},
  abstract = {We discuss important factors in the design of evaluation studies for
	systems that generate animations of American Sign Language (ASL)
	sentences. In particular, we outline how some cultural and linguistic
	characteristics of members of the American Deaf community must be
	taken into account so as to ensure the accuracy of evaluations involving
	these users. Finally, we describe our implementation and user-based
	evaluation (by native ASL signers) of a prototype ASL generator to
	produce sentences containing classifier predicates, frequent and
	complex spatial phenomena that previous ASL generators have not produced.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1296843.1296879},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-573-1},
  location = {Tempe, Arizona, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.
	
	AAAS usuarios surdos podem naum saber ler adequadamente por isso a
	utilização de asl.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1356428,
  author = {Zahid Hussain and Nelarine Cornelius},
  title = {Metaphorical analysis of social factors during information systems
	development},
  journal = {Int. J. Bus. Inf. Syst.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {21--40},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Metaphors have been used widely by researchers for sense making in
	organisations. In this paper, we present the findings of research
	which employs Morgan's metaphors in order to chart the distribution
	of assumptions and social behaviour among Information Systems (IS)
	developers, during IS development and implementation, in a UK National
	Health Service (NHS) organisation. We present the findings of a longitudinal
	interpretive case study. There are a limited number of interpretive
	case studies that look at organisational factors associated with
	systems development, which we regard as an oversight given the extent
	of system failure reported in the IS literature. Our findings highlight
	the predominance of certain metaphors that influence the behaviour
	of key stakeholders involved in IS development. We conclude that
	the use of metaphors for analysis in IS development provides important
	insights into the attitudes and behaviours of key organisational
	stakeholders and reveals the impact of these on the IS development.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBIS.2007.011414},
  issn = {1746-0972},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1117418,
  author = {Sophia Huyer},
  title = {Women, ICT and the information society: global perspectives and initiatives},
  journal = {CWIT '05: Proceedings of the international symposium on Women and
	ICT},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1},
  abstract = {This paper discusses the global gender digital divide and the areas
	where activity to address this divide is focused, in developed and
	developing countries. It also raises questions about where and how
	we can focus our work to reduce the gender divide and increase women's
	active participation in the information society worldwide.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1117417.1117418},
  isbn = {1-59593-301-8},
  location = {Baltimore, Maryland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Irit Sinai, Victoria Jennings, Marcos Arévalo},
  title = {The twoday algorithm: a new algorithm to identify the fertile time
	of the menstrual cycle},
  journal = {Contraception, Volume 60, Issue 2, August 1999, Pages 65-70},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {60},
  pages = {65-70},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos e sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{641223,
  author = {Ramesh Jain},
  title = {Folk computing},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {27--29},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Communicating through the natural human senses, not just theusual
	text and images, experiential environments can serve even the illiterate
	and impoverished in the remotest human societies.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/641205.641223},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).}
}

@ARTICLE{792729,
  author = {Ramesh Jain},
  title = {Experiential computing},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {48--55},
  number = {7},
  abstract = {Seeking insight from data, users experience, explore, and experiment,
	no longer limited to just generating lists of possible answers to
	simplistic queries.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/792704.792729},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM}
}

@ARTICLE{Jakobs1992,
  author = {Jakobs, K. and Karabek, R.},
  title = {Bringing application services and users together-the electronic mail
	example},
  journal = {Private Switching Systems and Networks, 1992. Second International
	Conference on},
  year = {1992},
  pages = {199-205},
  month = {Jun},
  abstract = {More and more people are using electronic mail systems. However, virtually
	no efforts have been made to examine in how far services provided
	by these systems really meet the actual user requirements. As an
	initial step, a rough analysis of user demands is given. This is
	followed by a brief introduction to CCITT's X.400/X.500 recommendations,
	which will form the basis of all future multivendor mail systems.
	Services defined in these recommendations are matched against the
	idenitfied requirements. Finally, some useful enhancements of X.400/X.500
	are proposed},
  keywords = { electronic mail, standards, telecommunication services X.400/X.500
	recommendations, application services, electronic mail systems, user
	demands, user requirements},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1057192,
  author = {Jeffrey James},
  title = {The global digital divide in the Internet: developed countries constructs
	and Third World realities},
  journal = {J. Inf. Sci.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {114--123},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {Defined as the differential degree to which rich and poor countries
	benefit from new information and communications technologies such
	as the Internet, the global digital divide is widely measured by
	international institutions in terms of the number of persons with
	individual access to those technologies. Yet, while this measure
	makes sense in the rich countries, where individual ownership is
	widespread among the population, it makes very little sense in poor
	countries. For, in the latter, what we find is that although individual
	access is indeed very limited, a remarkable number of local innovations
	ensure that the benefits of the Internet are made available to at
	least 10 million people throughout the Third World. Many such persons
	are illiterate, unskilled and resident in the rural areas of developing
	countries. These findings directly contradict the commonly held notion
	that there are few, if any, local innovations in the applications
	of the Internet outside the rich countries and those parts of poorer
	countries with close connections to the former (most typically through
	multinational corporations). From a policy point of view, we suggest
	that foreign aid donors and national governments pay less attention
	to providing individual access facilities such as so-called telecentres
	and focus instead on ways to foster indigenous rural innovation systems
	devoted to finding relevant and cost-effective applications of the
	Internet.},
  address = {Thousand Oaks, CA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551505050788},
  issn = {0165-5515},
  publisher = {Sage Publications, Inc.},
  review = {AAA1 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construção de sistemas para pessoas
	analfabetas (illiterate).}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Janet Reis, Frank Wrestler},
  title = {Consumer attitudes towards computer-assisted self-care of the common
	cold},
  journal = {Patient Education and Counseling, Volume 23, Issue 4, 1994, Pages
	55-62},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {55-62},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract e sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Janet Reis, Frank Wrestler},
  title = {Consumer attitudes towards computer-assisted self-care of the common
	cold},
  journal = {Patient Education and Counseling, Volume 23, Issue 1, April 1994,
	Pages 55-62},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {55-62},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract e sem abstract},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{Johansson1996,
  author = {Johansson, M. and Astrom, K.J.},
  title = {Generalized spreadsheet for CACSD},
  journal = {Computer-Aided Control System Design, 1996., Proceedings of the 1996
	IEEE International Symposium on},
  year = {1996},
  pages = {398-403},
  month = {Sep},
  abstract = {This paper presents an approach for a computer aided control system
	design (CACSD) software that is based on an extension of the spread-sheet
	metaphor. The spreadsheet are extended in two ways: the contents
	of the cells are abstract objects that can be manipulated directly,
	and the relations between the objects are bidirectional. Prototype
	implementations have been made in Matlab. The idea is illustrated
	by several small tools that illuminate various aspects of control
	system design},
  doi = {10.1109/CACSD.1996.555325},
  keywords = {Nyquist diagrams, compensation, control nonlinearities, control system
	CAD, graphical user interfaces, spreadsheet programsMatlab, Nyquist
	curve, control system CAD, graphical user interface, lead-lag compensation,
	nonlinearities, spreadsheet},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Johnson2004,
  author = {Johnson, K.T.},
  title = {An Interface Design Methodology: Scenario Based Design Extended for
	Diverse Computer User Groups},
  journal = {Visual Languages and Human Centric Computing, 2004 IEEE Symposium
	on},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {275-276},
  month = {Sept.},
  abstract = {The purpose of this work is to begin development of a culturally valid
	interface design process. This process would benefit interface designers
	and design companies by providing a model that facilitates design
	for special user populations (e.g., the educationally underserved).
	Discussion in this paper centers on merging (1) an accepted interface
	design process in the HCI community, (2) various elicitation methods
	for determining user needs and (3) noted design considerations for
	marginalized groups such as the economically/educationally underserved
	in the United States. The acculturalization model discussed here
	is an extension of Rosson and Carroll's (2002) scenario based development
	(SBD) user-centered interface design approach. In SBD, scenarios
	are developed and analyzed to assist designers with requirements
	analysis, system functionality, information presentation, interactions
	methods, documentation, and the design of the prototypes and the
	usability evaluations. SBD employs three major phases: analysis,
	design, and prototype and evaluation},
  doi = {10.1109/VLHCC.2004.8},
  keywords = {human computer interaction, user centred design, user interfacesacculturalization
	model, diverse computer user groups, information presentation, interactions
	methods, interface design methodology, requirements analysis, scenario
	based design, scenario based development, system functionality, user-centered
	interface design},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS menciona a avaliação de interfaces para grupos marginalizados.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1255225,
  author = {Matt Jones and Will Harwood and George Buchanan and Mounia Lalmas},
  title = {StoryBank: an indian village community digital library},
  journal = {JCDL '07: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on
	Digital libraries},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {257--258},
  abstract = {This paper considers information access styles for a community digital
	library in an Indian village. We present our impressions of the community
	gathered during a field-study and show how these have influenced
	the interaction design. The prototype aims to overcome low-textual
	literacy and lack of computing experience by combining touch-based
	interaction, engaging visual presentations and drawing on villagers'
	familiarity with radio listening.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1255175.1255225},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-644-8},
  location = {Vancouver, BC, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar desenvolvimento de interfaces para comunidades
	com baixo grau de alfabetização de lingua.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar desenvolvimento de interfaces para comunidades
	com baixo grau de alfabetização de lingua.}
}

@ARTICLE{Jorn1996,
  author = {Jorn, L.A. and Duin, A.H. and Wahlstrom, B.J.},
  title = {Designing and managing virtual learning communities},
  journal = {Professional Communication, IEEE Transactions on},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {183-191},
  number = {4},
  month = {Dec},
  abstract = {There is a tendency to view education on the Internet as simply a
	more efficient way to access information and to communicate, but
	the Internet is much more than just another tool. The Internet has
	the potential to create communities where students participate in
	robust discourse and rituals of communication, establish their identities,
	and traverse community boundaries. We believe we need to design on-line
	courses with sound pedagogical frameworks and with a sense of promoting
	community values of diversity, connectedness, and civic responsibility.
	Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to describe a framework that
	we use to design virtual learning communities. We explain community
	activities to consider, describe how we used our framework for designing
	three classes, and pose issues that arose when using this framework.
	We hope our thoughts will direct discussion toward the creation of
	innovative learning communities},
  doi = {10.1109/47.544574},
  issn = {0361-1434},
  keywords = {Internet, computer aided instruction, educational courses, human factors,
	professional communication, user interfacesInternet, civic responsibility,
	community boundaries, community values, connectedness, diversity,
	education, innovative learning communities, online courses, pedagogical
	frameworks, technical communication, virtual learning communities},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora trate do problema de aprendizagem.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1409264,
  author = {Anirudha Joshi and Nikhil Welankar and Naveen BL and Kirti Kanitkar
	and Riyaj Sheikh},
  title = {Rangoli: a visual phonebook for low-literate users},
  journal = {MobileHCI '08: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on
	Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {217--223},
  abstract = {In developing countries, language and literacy are barriers that prevent
	many people from using simple applications like a phonebook on mobile
	phones. The traditional, alphabetical organization is not good enough
	for low-literate users who either do not know or have forgotten the
	alphabetical order of any script. We propose Rangoli, a phonebook
	that explores several ideas. It organizes contacts in nine colour
	'pages'. On each page nine icons are displayed in that colour. A
	contact is associated with a colour and an icon. Any contact can
	be accessed by pressing only two buttons on the number-pad. The spatial
	location of each contact does not change even as the phonebook fills
	up. The limitation of 81 contacts is not a major problem for these
	users for now. Rangoli was first conceived during a class project
	and was improved through iterations of user study, design and evaluation.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1409240.1409264},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-952-4},
  location = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuários com
	baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuários
	com baixo grau de alfabetização.}
}

@ARTICLE{597176,
  author = {M. Jourdan and C. Roisin and L. Tardif},
  title = {A Scalable Toolkit for Designing Multimedia Authoring Environments},
  journal = {Multimedia Tools Appl.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {257--279},
  number = {2-3},
  abstract = {This paper introduces Kaomi, a scalable toolkit for designing authoring
	environments of multimedia documents. The underlying concept is to
	provide the designer of multimedia applications with a fast method
	to get an authoring system based on a set of synchronized views (the
	presentation view for displaying the document, the scenario view
	for showing the temporal organization of the document, &mldr;) so
	that each view is the support of editing actions. Kaomi is flexible
	enough to support a variety of multimedia documents declarative formats.
	It is indeed a scalable toolkit since it provides facilities for
	extending and/or for modifying the resulting authoring environment.
	In addition, cross-platform portability is provided which allows
	operation in the heterogenous Internet environment. The use of Kaomi
	is mainly described through the design of two authoring environments:
	one for authoring a sub-set of the Smil standard of the W3C and the
	other one for Madeus, a constraint based multimedia language.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  issn = {1380-7501},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Julian Thumboo, Hwee-Lin Wee, Yin-Bun Cheung, David Machin, Nan Luo,
	Kok-Yong Fong},
  title = {Development of a Smiling Touchscreen Multimedia Program for HRQoL
	Assessment in Subjects with Varying Levels of Literacy},
  journal = {Value in Health},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {9 Issue 5},
  pages = {312-319},
  abstract = {Objective: As low literacy affects the assessment of health-related
	quality of life (HRQoL) in several ways (e.g., subject eligibility
	and cost of administration), better approaches to HRQoL assessment
	in subjects with varying literacy levels are needed.
	
	
	Methods: We developed a multimedia touchscreen program (the Smiling
	Touchscreen, ST) to administer HRQoL instruments to subjects with
	varying levels of Chinese language and computer literacy, using an
	iterative process where patients' input on design, clarity of instructions,
	and user-friendliness were repeatedly gathered and incorporated in
	development. The ST thus has several user-friendly features for low-literacy
	subjects (e.g., presentation of individual items using visual and
	auditory stimuli, voice-text synchronization, and visual analog scale
	with a touch and drag function), which we evaluated using qualitative
	and quantitative methods.
	
	
	Results: The ST was well accepted by subjects (n = 66, 76% female,
	median [interquartile] age: 49.0 [40.0, 56.0]) with high (n = 43)
	or low (n = 23) literacy, 98% of whom found it easy or very easy
	to use, and 85% found the voice-text synchronization feature useful.
	In low-literacy subjects without computer experience (30%), none
	reported any difficulties using the ST. The median (interquartile)
	time spent to complete the ST (four Instruction and Practice screens,
	24 questions, one visual analog scale) for high- and low-literacy
	groups was 13.9 (9.6, 23.9) and 23.2 (15.8, 26.5) minutes, respectively.
	Among subjects expressing a preference (n = 47), 21 (47%) favored
	the ST over interviewer- or self-administration.
	
	
	Conclusion: The ST is well accepted by subjects with varying literacy
	levels, including those without computer experience. It is thus a
	promising new approach for HRQoL assessment among subjects with varying
	literacy levels.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces por usuários com
	diferentes graus de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces por usuários
	com diferentes graus de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1194687,
  author = {Dawn N. Jutla and Dimitri Kanevsky},
  title = {Adding User-Level SPACe: Security, Privacy, and Context to Intelligent
	Multimedia Information Architectures},
  journal = {WI-IATW '06: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference
	on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {77--84},
  address = {Washington, DC, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WI-IATW.2006.28},
  isbn = {0-7695-2749-3},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  review = {DDD1 reijeitado por ja ter sido mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1194687,
  author = {Dawn N. Jutla and Dimitri Kanevsky},
  title = {Adding User-Level SPACe: Security, Privacy, and Context to Intelligent
	Multimedia Information Architectures},
  journal = {WI-IATW '06: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference
	on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {77--84},
  abstract = {We provide a unified architecture, called SPACe, for Secure, Privacy-Aware,
	and Contextual multimedia systems in organizations. Many key and
	important architectural components already exist which contribute
	to a unified platform, including the classic data mining, security,
	and privacy-preserving components in conventional intelligent systems.
	After presenting an overview of our unified architecture, we focus
	on the state-of-the-art architectural components for user interaction
	in future systems - particularly multimedia voice interaction with
	intelligent systems. This paper shows how user-level conversational
	data mining (CDM) methods, coupled with biometric security, and enhanced
	with privacy- awareness, may be used with any Web information system
	architecture. Finally, we provide an example of our unified architecture
	through integrating a knowledge architecture for an e-finance application
	in the financial services domain. The resulting architectures benefit
	from added security, privacy-awareness, and contextual filtering
	at the user-level.},
  address = {Washington, DC, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WI-IATW.2006.28},
  isbn = {0-7695-2749-3},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Jyotsna Vaid, Maharaj Singh},
  title = {Asymmetries in the perception of facial affect: Is there an influence
	of reading habits?},
  journal = {Neuropsychologia, Volume 27, Issue 10, 1989, Pages 1277-1287},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {1277-1287},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{1394452,
  author = {Matthew Kam and Aishvarya Agarwal and Anuj Kumar and Siddhartha Lal
	and Akhil Mathur and Anuj Tewari and John Canny},
  title = {Designing e-learning games for rural children in India: a format
	for balancing learning with fun},
  journal = {DIS '08: Proceedings of the 7th ACM conference on Designing interactive
	systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {58--67},
  abstract = {Poor literacy remains a barrier to economic empowerment in the developing
	world. Of particular importance is fluency in a widely spoken "world
	language" such as English, which is typically a second language for
	these low-income learners. We make the case that mobile games on
	cellphones is an appropriate solution in the typical ecologies of
	developing regions. The challenge is to design e-learning games that
	are both educational and pleasurable for our target learners, who
	have limited familiarity with high technology. We propose the receptive-practice-activation
	cycle that could be used as the conceptual model for the designs.
	We then report how this format could be refined, based on our experiences
	in the field with three games that have collectively undergone nine
	rounds of iterations. In particular, it appears that maintaining
	a distinction between learning and fun to some extent is necessary
	for effective designs.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1394445.1394452},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-002-9},
  location = {Cape Town, South Africa},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o problema de alfabetização nos paises em desenvolvimento
	
	DDDS por naum definir exatamente como metodologia o desenvolvimento
	de interfaces para individuos com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	DDDS por estar no contexto de aprendizagem e educação
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1240791,
  author = {Matthew Kam and Divya Ramachandran and Varun Devanathan and Anuj
	Tewari and John Canny},
  title = {Localized iterative design for language learning in underdeveloped
	regions: the PACE framework},
  journal = {CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in
	computing systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1097--1106},
  abstract = {Poor literacy remains a decisive barrier to the economic empowerment
	of many people in the developing world. Of particular importance
	is literacy in a widely spoken "world language" such as English,
	which is typically a second language for these speakers. For complex
	reasons, schools are often not effective as vehicles for second language
	learning. In this paper we explore game-like language learning on
	cell phones. We argue that phones are an excellent technology platform
	in the typical ecologies of developing countries. We present the
	PACE framework that is intended to support the rapid, scalable development
	of language learning software localized for a particular community
	of learners. These learners are usually skeptical of formal education
	and of cultural biases they encounter in learning "remote" languages
	in particular. Localization of content is crucial to make the language
	relevant to them and to encourage them to adopt it.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240624.1240791},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-593-9},
  location = {San Jose, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para pessoas com
	baixo grau de alfabetização
	
	DDDS por estar no contexto de aprendizagem e educação
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1360132,
  author = {Aurore J. Kamssu},
  title = {Global connectivity through wireless network technology\&\#58; a
	possible solution for poor countries},
  journal = {Int. J. Mob. Commun.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {249--262},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {There has always been an unequal access to technology among demographically,
	economically, and socially diverse groups. However, mobile technology
	seems to be defying diversity obstacles. The present study investigates
	the factors that may contribute to the prosperity of mobile technology;
	especially, socio-economic factors, telecom infrastructures, and
	internet use. Statistical analyses show that there is an empirical
	relationship between these factors and the growth of mobile technology.
	The factors analysed reveal that, unlike other technologies, mobile
	technology has been growing faster in economically and technologically
	challenged nations; and therefore, mobile technology may be the best
	tool to overcome internet connectivity problems in poor countries.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMC.2005.006583},
  issn = {1470-949X},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Kathryn Summers, Jonathan Langford, Jennifer Wu, Christine Abela,
	Randy Souza},
  title = {Designing Web-based Forms for Users with Lower Literacy Skills},
  journal = {Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {Volume 43, Issue 1},
  pages = {174},
  abstract = {Previous research (Summers & Summers, 2003) has identified patterns
	of behavior and effective practices related to how lower literacy
	users interact with health-related Internet sites. However, prior
	research has not addressed how such users react to the unique challenges
	represented by interactive medical forms on health sites, such as
	interactive health quizzes, questionnaires, and registration forms.
	The goal of this four-month study was twofold: 1) to identify reading,
	writing, and navigational strategies of users with lower literacy
	skills when interacting with web-based forms in a medical context;
	2) to develop design principles for making such web-based medical
	forms usable and accessible for lower-literacy adults. Eyetracking
	was used to gather data about how users interacted with a variety
	of web-based forms. Analysis of sessions with 26 low-literacy users
	(REALM score < 60) identified a variety of challenges users faced
	in completing forms. Based on these observations, proposed principles
	of effective form design were developed. Revised prototype forms
	were designed in accordance with these principles and iteratively
	tested with 14 users to verify improved usability.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios com
	baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	com baixo grau de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Keller2004,
  author = {Keller, I. and van der Hoog, W. and Stappers, P.J.},
  title = {Gust of me: reconnecting mother and son},
  journal = {Pervasive Computing, IEEE},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {3},
  pages = { 22-27},
  number = {1},
  month = {Jan.-March},
  abstract = {The Gust of Presence conceptual design lets parents and children who
	live apart reconnect in a more friendship-based relationship. With
	two Gustbowls, parents and children can communicate in a simple way
	that requires little effort and could subtly become a part of their
	daily routines. Gustbowl is designed to promote and support informal,
	unobtrusive interactions in families whose members live apart. The
	Gustbowl helps families keep in touch, rather than just exchange
	information, by letting members be a part of each other's daily routines.
	This lets them have the little encounters that are ordinary to members
	who live together yet are greatly missed by members who live apart.
	We describe how the Delft design team created the Gustbowl from user
	studies by developing the concept for and field-testing an experiential
	prototype.},
  doi = {10.1109/MPRV.2004.1269125},
  issn = {1536-1268},
  keywords = { behavioural sciences computing, digital communication, groupware,
	human computer interaction, human factors, social aspects of automation
	Gustbowl, conceptual design, digital communication, information exchange},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{106571,
  author = {Susan Baake Kelly},
  title = {WordPerfect bible},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1991},
  address = {Indianapolis, IN, USA},
  isbn = {0-672-22746-0},
  publisher = {Que Corp.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1242508,
  author = {Stan Kelly-Bootle},
  title = {Ode or code?: programmers be used!},
  journal = {Queue},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {52--ff},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Is your code literate or literary?},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1242489.1242508},
  issn = {1542-7730},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1357372,
  author = {Y. Y. Kho and S. Hashim and C. F. Soon},
  title = {Vital physiological signs monitoring},
  journal = {Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol.},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {58--64},
  number = {1/2},
  abstract = {The aim of this project is to build a virtual image and the patients'
	data and signal transfer to a remote place. Patient information will
	be available to those who have the authority to access the information.
	LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) is
	used in displaying the signal in the computer. Virtual instruments
	are created in order to acquire the electrocardiograph (ECG) signal.
	LabVIEW gives the flexibility of a powerful programming language
	without the associated difficulty and complexity because its graphical
	programming methodology is inherently intuitive. Another signal,
	oxygen saturation (SpO2), is acquired through serial connection of
	the equipment to the computer. This project aspires to create links
	for the communication between healthcare practitioners in discussing
	the patients' data and situation.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJCAT.2004.005340},
  issn = {0952-8091},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1096024,
  author = {Maria Klawe and Ben Shneiderman},
  title = {Crisis and opportunity in computer science},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {27--28},
  number = {11},
  abstract = {The future of the field depends on winning back student enrollment,
	public interest in technology, and government research funding.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1096000.1096024},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1386879,
  author = {Christine Knaevelsrud and Julia Mller},
  title = {MultiCASI: Multilingual Computer Assisted Self Interview},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2008},
  abstract = {MultiCASI is a software tool for the computerized administration of
	standardized questionnaires. After tests and questionnaires have
	been digitally entered in the software, they can be given to patients/test
	subjects on the screen or read aloud by the computer. Questionnaires
	can be prepared quickly and flexibly. Applications include: psychological
	assessment in hospitals and psychotherapy clinics, international
	studies, multicenter studies, assessment of immigrants, illiterates,
	the elderly and children in clinical psychology as well as in market
	research, quality control studies, etc. The software consists of
	a content management system for preparing questionnaires and tests,
	user management system, user interface for answering the questionnaires,
	different output modes for clinicians and researchers, an extensive
	English user s manual, and demonstration questionnaires for patients
	and researchers. Exporting results to statistics programs such as
	Excel or SPSS is easy. The program is optimally tailored to fulfill
	clinical and research needs, and has been repeatedly tested for user-friendliness.
	MultiCASI was ist das? Eine Diagnostik-Software fr die computergesttzte
	Abnahme standardisierter Fragebgen. Nach dem Eingeben/Einsprechen
	von Fragebgen knnen diese den Patienten/Probanden elektronisch in
	verschiedenen Sprachen vorgegeben oder vorgelesen werden. Fragebogenbatterien
	knnen schnell und flexibel zusammengestellt werden. Anwendungsbeispiele:
	Psychodiagnostik in Kliniken und psychotherapeutischen Praxen, internationale
	Studien, Multicenter-Studien, Untersuchungen von Migranten, Analphabeten,
	lteren Menschen, Kindern sowohl in der Klinischen Psychologie als
	auch in Marktforschung, Studien zur Qualittssicherung etc. Die Software
	besteht aus einem Redaktionssystem zur Fragebogeneingabe und -einsprache,
	Benutzerverwaltung, Benutzeroberflche fr Patienten, versch. Ausgabemodi,
	ausfhrlichem englischsprachigem Manual sowie Demofragebgen fr Patienten
	und Forscher. Der Export der Daten in Excel, SPSS und andere Statistikprogramme
	ist einfach mglich. Optimal angepasst an die Bedrfnisse in Klinik
	und Forschung und vielfach auf Benutzerfreundlichkeit getestet.},
  isbn = {3540717803, 9783540717805},
  publisher = {Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por apresentar uma interfafce para ususarios illiterarios
	
	
	DDD2 Negado por não especificar o tratamento de usuarios analfabetos
	e não disponibilidade para download.}
}

@ARTICLE{Kolberg2005,
  author = {Kolberg, M. and Magill, E.H. and Wilson, M. and Birstwistle, P. and
	Ohlstenius, O.},
  title = {Controlling appliances with pen and paper},
  journal = {Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2005. CCNC. 2005
	Second IEEE},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 156-160},
  month = {Jan.},
  abstract = {Networked appliances are consumer or household devices with a network
	interface which allows them to he connected to a (home) network.
	Networked appliances offer major benefits compared to their conventional
	equivalent. Software services can operate upon an array of these
	appliances to offer value added functionality. In this case the user
	interface to control the appliances will be inadequate. Commonly
	networked appliances may either he controlled using the traditional
	user interface, such as switches and buttons on the device, or alternatively
	using a PC based interface. Traditional user interfaces often cannot
	support the full functionality offered by the appliance. The PC based
	interfaces tend to be too complicated for the average user and enables
	the PC based interface to be suitable and available in many situations.
	Therefore a user interface which supports the new functionalities
	and is easy to use is required. In this paper, Anoto functionality
	enabled pen and paper are suggested as a suitable interface. Pen
	and paper are well known to all users and suitable paper forms make
	it straightforward to fully control and program networked appliances
	without a PC interface. Thus an important barrier to the acceptance
	of networked appliances is broken. Furthermore, the presented approach
	can be used to integrate the control of multiple appliances and services.
	A major challenge to this work has been the integration of different
	network protocols used in the home. The use of an OSGi gateway has
	proven a great help to integrate them. This paper discusses an approach
	to the integration of pen and paper with networked appliances using
	an OSGi gateway. Because of the use of an OSGi gateway, the approach
	is not restricted to controlling devices which use a specific single
	network protocol. Rather, the approach can be used with appliances
	which communicate using a wide variety of protocols.},
  doi = {10.1109/CCNC.2005.1405161},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { Internet, domestic appliances, home computing, internetworking, network
	interfaces, protocols Internet, appliance control, home network,
	network protocol, pen and paper interface, user interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Kolberg2006,
  author = {Mario Kolberg and Evan H. Magill},
  title = {Using pen and paper to control networked appliances},
  journal = {Communications Magazine, IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {148-154},
  number = {11},
  month = {November },
  abstract = {User interfaces to control networked household appliances are often
	inadequate. Either they are too simplistic or they are too complex
	and complicated relying on a PC-based interface. Therefore, a user
	interface that supports complex functionalities and is easy to use
	is required. In this article digital pen and paper are presented
	as a suitable interface. Digital pens are only marginally larger
	than their traditional counterparts, and digital paper is ordinary
	paper with an almost invisible unique pattern printed on it. Pen
	and paper are well known to users and thus an important barrier to
	the acceptance of networked appliances is removed. The approach is
	integrated with an open services gateway initiative (OSGi) gateway,
	thus allowing for flexibility with respect to the protocol used to
	communicate with the appliance. It is also shown how the approach
	can be applied to other appliances in and beyond the home},
  doi = {10.1109/MCOM.2006.248178},
  issn = {0163-6804},
  keywords = {domestic appliances, home automation, internetworking, protocols,
	user interfacesPC-based interface, digital paper, digital pen, networked
	household appliances, open services gateway initiative gateway, protocol,
	user interfaces},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1389656,
  author = {Constantinos Kolias and Vassilis Kolias and Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
	and Georgios Kambourakis and Eleftherios Kayafas},
  title = {A pervasive wiki application based on VoiceXML},
  journal = {PETRA '08: Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on
	PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1--7},
  abstract = {In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of an audio
	wiki application accessible via the Public Switched Telephone Network
	(PSTN) and the Internet for educational purposes. The application
	exploits mature World Wide Web Consortium standards such as VoiceXML,
	Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) and Speech Recognition Grammar
	Specification (SRGS). The purpose of such an application is to assist
	visually impaired, technologically uneducated, and underprivileged
	people in accessing information originally intended to be accessed
	visually via a Personal Computer. Users may access wiki content via
	wired or mobile phones, or via a Personal Computer using a Web Browser
	or a Voice over IP service. This feature promotes pervasiveness to
	educational material to an extremely large population, i.e. those
	who simply own a telephone line.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1389586.1389656},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-067-8},
  location = {Athens, Greece},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1140142,
  author = {Herman Koppelman and Betsy van Dijk},
  title = {Creating a realistic context for team projects in HCI},
  journal = {ITICSE '06: Proceedings of the 11th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation
	and technology in computer science education},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {58--62},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1140124.1140142},
  isbn = {1-59593-055-8},
  location = {Bologna, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1140142,
  author = {Herman Koppelman and Betsy van Dijk},
  title = {Creating a realistic context for team projects in HCI},
  journal = {SIGCSE Bull.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {58--62},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Team projects are nowadays common practice in HCI education. This
	paper focuses on the role of clients and users in team projects in
	introductory HCI courses. In order to provide projects with a realistic
	context we invite people from industry to serve as clients for the
	student teams. Some of them have a professional interest in participating
	in our course and define a project themselves. Another way we make
	projects realistic is to have teams evaluate their designs with real
	users.We describe how we incorporate the role of clients and users
	in our courses and describe our experiences. One of the results of
	our evaluations is that most students find it very interesting and
	stimulating to work with a client on a 'real' project from industry.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1140123.1140142},
  issn = {0097-8418},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{593391,
  author = {Mikko Korpela and H. A. Soriyan and K. C. Olufokunbi and A. A. Onayade
	and Anita Davies-Adetugbo and Duro Adesanmi},
  title = {Community Participation in Health Informatics inAfrica: An Experiment
	in Tripartite Partnership inIle-Ife, Nigeria},
  journal = {Comput. Supported Coop. Work},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {339--358},
  number = {3-4},
  abstract = {Participatory Design has mainly been practiced in Europe and North
	America. Our seven-year experience in Nigeria suggests that user
	participation is also a must in developing countries. However, the
	scope of participation needs to be expanded. For instance, in health
	informatics the communities served by the health facility in question
	need to be involved along with computer professionals and health
	providers. This paper presents the results of an experiment in tripartite
	partnership in systems design for Primary Health Care by designers,
	users/providers, and community representatives in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
	The experience was extremely encouraging.},
  address = {Norwell, MA, USA},
  issn = {0925-9724},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{328010,
  author = {Jason Kroll},
  title = {SuSE Linux 6.1},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  pages = {13},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1323829,
  author = {Nir Kshetri},
  title = {Barriers to e-commerce and competitive business models in developing
	countries: A case study},
  journal = {Electron. Commer. Rec. Appl.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {443--452},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {This paper integrates and extends research on e-commerce in the developing
	world. We use three categories of feedback systems-economic, sociopolitical
	and cognitive-to offer a simple model of e-commerce barriers in the
	developing world. We also examine characteristics of e-business models
	that can be successfully employed in developing countries. Then,
	we provide the case of an e-business model followed by a Nepal-based
	multiple international award winning online provider. This paper's
	theoretical contribution is to explain the 'hows' and 'whys' of e-commerce
	in developing countries and to identify clear contexts and attendant
	mechanism.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2007.02.004},
  issn = {1567-4223},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS pode mencionar no texto o problema de barreiras causadas pela
	falta de alfabetizaçção dos usuarios.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1243467,
  author = {Nathalie Cindy Kuicheu and Laure Pauline Fotso and Fran\c{c}ois Siewe},
  title = {Iconic communication system by XML language: (SCILX)},
  journal = {W4A '07: Proceedings of the 2007 international cross-disciplinary
	conference on Web accessibility (W4A)},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {112--115},
  abstract = {Traditional iconic systems establish direct iconic communication between
	a user and his environment by translating iconic sentences in sentences
	of a natural language, or by translating them into SQL (Structured
	Query Language) queries for relational data bases. This approach
	is limited because it is not suitable for communicating through the
	Internet which allows users of diverse background and culture to
	communicate all over the world. This paper presents SCILX, a XML-based
	iconic communication system which in addition to the functionalities
	of existing iconic systems enables communication through the Internet
	using the World Wide Web and the XML technologies. The approach has
	a formal foundation based on formal grammars of icons. A case study
	of an iconic interface for a multi-media database in traditional
	medicine (MEDITRA) is presented.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1243441.1243467},
  isbn = {1-59593-590-X},
  location = {Banff, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1367623,
  author = {Arun Kumar and Nitendra Rajput and Sheetal Agarwal and Dipanjan Chakraborty
	and Amit Anit Nanavati},
  title = {Organizing the unorganized - employing IT to empower the under-privileged},
  journal = {WWW '08: Proceeding of the 17th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {935--944},
  abstract = {Various sectors in developing countries are typically dominated by
	the presence of a large number of small and micro-businesses that
	operate in an informal, unorganized manner. Many of these are single
	person run micro-businesses and cannot afford to buy and maintain
	their own IT infrastructure. For others, easy availability of cheap
	labour provides a convenient alternative even though it results in
	inefficiency, as little or no records are maintained, and only manual,
	paper-based processes are followed. This results in high response
	times for customers, no formal accountability and higher charges.
	For the businesses this translates to lower earnings and losses due
	to inefficiencies. In this paper, we look at few such micro-business
	segments and explore their current models of operation, while identifying
	existing inefficiencies and pain points. We build upon the findings
	and propose an approach for delivering benefits of IT solutions to
	such micro-business segments. Finally, we present technology that
	realizes the proposed approach in the specific context of two such
	segments.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1367497.1367623},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-085-2},
  location = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1326582,
  author = {Arun Kumar and Nitendra Rajput and Dipanjan Chakraborty and Sheetal
	K. Agarwal and Amit A. Nanavati},
  title = {WWTW: the world wide telecom web},
  journal = {NSDR '07: Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for
	developing regions},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1--6},
  abstract = {The World Wide Web (WWW) enabled quick and easy information dissemination
	and brought about fundamental changes to various aspects of our lives.
	However, a very large number of people, mostly in developing regions,
	are still untouched by this revolution. Compared to PCs, the primary
	access mechanism to WWW, mobile phones have made a phenomenal penetration
	into this population segment. Low cost of ownership, the simple user
	interface consisting of a small keyboard, limited menu and voice-based
	access contribute to the success of mobile phones with the less literate.
	However, apart from basic voice communication, these people are not
	being able to exploit the benefits of information and services available
	to WWW users.
	
	
	In this paper, we present the World Wide Telecom Web (WWTW) --- our
	vision of a voice-driven ecosystem parallel to that of the WWW. WWTW
	is a network of interconnected voice sites that are voice driven
	applications created by users and hosted in the network. It has the
	potential to enable the underprivileged population to become a part
	of the next generation converged networked world. We present a whole
	gamut of existing technology enablers for our vision as well as present
	research directions and open challenges that need to be solved to
	not only realize a WWTW but also to enable the two Webs to cross
	leverage each other.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1326571.1326582},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-787-2},
  location = {Kyoto, Japan},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por promover interfaces de utilização por indivíduos com baixo
	grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 por promover interfaces de utilização por indivíduos com baixo
	grau de alfabetização.}
}

@ARTICLE{Kumar2007,
  author = {Kumar, Arun and Rajput, Nitendra and Chakraborty, Dipanjan and Agarwal,
	Sheetal K and Nanavati, Amit Anil},
  title = {VOISERV: Creation and Delivery of Converged Services through Voice
	for Emerging Economies},
  journal = {World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, 2007. WoWMoM 2007.
	IEEE International Symposium on a},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1-8},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {WWW has made information accessible to computer users in various ways
	not imagined before. However; there is a huge pool ofpeople, especially
	in emerging economies, still untouched by this revolution and are
	either unaware of, or are unable or to join this bandwagon. Mobile
	phones are increasingly empowering the under-privileged to utilize
	data and services beyond the basic voice communication. However;
	factors such as high illiteracy rate, cost sensitivity, and user
	interface issues prevent these users from deriving benefits of available
	infrastructure and services. We have developed a novel system Â¿
	VOISERV that enables ordinary telephone subscribers to create, deploy
	and offer their own customized voice-driven applications called Voic-eSites.
	The generated VoiceSites get hosted in the network for low cost of
	ownership and maintenance, and are integrated with advanced services
	available in the converged networks of today.},
  doi = {10.1109/WOWMOM.2007.4351733},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 interface de meios de voz para celulares na finalidade de permitir
	facilidade de acesso para indivíduos com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 interface de meios de voz para celulares na finalidade de permitir
	facilidade de acesso para indivíduos com baixo grau de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{500989,
  author = {L. G. Parkhurst, Jr.},
  title = {Should we bridge the gap by outsourcing part of faculty support},
  journal = {SIGUCCS '01: Proceedings of the 29th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference
	on User services},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {132--134},
  abstract = {Some faculty members seek to push the technology envelope further
	and faster than Computing Centers can respond to or support. Should
	we encourage some of our faculty to meet their needs outside of university
	resources at their own expense? Should we support this move with
	training, referrals, and backup support when necessary? Should we
	encourage a faculty member to register a domain name, create a website,
	and refer students and others to their own domain names and sub-domains
	for each class? With the right web-hosting service, they could create
	and manage their own discussion lists. This paper will discuss various
	web-hosting services, what they offer, and how faculty might use
	them.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/500956.500989},
  isbn = {1-58113-382-0},
  location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {L. Harbottle, M. B. Duggan},
  title = {Use of the PETRA scale in a weighed inventory study of British Asian
	children: methodological considerations},
  journal = {Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {Volume 7, Issue 4},
  pages = {275-281},
  abstract = {A one-year cross-sectional survey of 4–40 month old Indo-Asian children
	was carried out in Sheffield. The aim was to examine the dietary
	intakes and nutritional status of weanlings. Weighed inventories
	were facilitated by use of the PETRA scale (Cherlyn Electronics,
	Cambridge). Families were accessed via Child Health and GP clinics,
	targeted on the basis of information on age and ethnicity of Sheffield-bom
	infants, derived from Central Clinic records. Studies were completed
	on 120 children (approximately a quarter of the target population).
	Diet histories were taken and food samples collected in order to
	validate the weighed intake method. Data collection and supervision
	of mothers was carried out by one Bengali and two Punjabi-speaking
	fieldworkers, previously trained in nutrition and dietary assessment
	techniques. Although initial laboratory trials were successful, in
	field trials and in the main study, the scales proved to be less
	user friendly and more prone to damage than expected. Although our
	experience indicates that the PETRA scales do allow use of the weighed
	intake method for otherwise inaccessible, illiterate subjects, this
	is dependent on a high level of supervision.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 por nuam apresentar o desenvolvimento de sistemas computacionais.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{885876,
  author = {H. Lacoh\'{e}e and N. Wakeford and I. Pearson},
  title = {A Social History of the Mobile Telephone with a View of its Future},
  journal = {BT Technology Journal},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {203--211},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {The social history of the mobile telephone involves both the history
	of technological development and an account of changing social and
	political frameworks into which the new technological developments
	become integrated. The technological innovations of mobile telephony
	were established from the 1940s, but it was not until the 1990s that
	adoption took off. It has been claimed that the mobile telephone
	revolution can be explained by changes in the way communication happens
	through social networks, away from old hierarchical forms. Several
	unique communicative and behavioural patterns have emerged in countries
	with mass use of the mobile telephone, including texting (SMS) and
	the development of new social norms. Nevertheless there is still
	huge global variation in use and development, and more research needs
	to be conducted which responds to very local patterns of use and
	reuse.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025187821567},
  issn = {1358-3948},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{332222,
  author = {Adam Lake},
  title = {Direct democracy: is the United States prepared?},
  journal = {Crossroads},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {11--13},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/332218.332222},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract}
}

@ARTICLE{1277886,
  author = {Mounia Lalmas and Ramnath Bhat and Maxine Frank and David Frohlich
	and Matt Jones},
  title = {Bridging the digital divide: understanding information access practices
	in an indian village community},
  journal = {SIGIR '07: Proceedings of the 30th annual international ACM SIGIR
	conference on Research and development in information retrieval},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {741--742},
  abstract = {For digital library and information retrieval technologies to provide
	solutions for bridging the digital divide in developing countries,
	we need to understand the information access practices of remote
	and often poor communities in these countries. We must understand
	the information needs of these communities, and the best means to
	provide them access to relevant information. To this end, we investigated
	the current information access practices in an Indian village.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1277741.1277886},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-597-7},
  location = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS no entanto pode vir a tratar de usuarios com baixo desempenho
	em leitura, embora fale de uma "biblioteca eletronica" ou entrega
	de dados.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1125643,
  author = {Geoff Langdale and Judy Kay and Bob Kummerfeld},
  title = {Using an intergenerational communications system as a 'light-weight'
	technology probe},
  journal = {CHI '06: CHI '06 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1001--1006},
  abstract = {A problem with the technology probe [1] approach is the substantial
	time required to gain results. For prototype technological systems,
	a further problem is the requirement that systems are deployed into
	non- technical end-user's homes, where they are comparatively hard
	to maintain. Even a robust system may be vulnerable to unavoidable
	problems in these kinds of environment (for example, bandwidth outages
	in a communications device). We introduce a light-weight procedure
	that sacrifices some of the realism associated with technology probes
	in favor of ease of deployment and speed of information gathering.We
	apply our methods to the "Keep in Touch" (KiT) intergenerational
	communications system, and describe some preliminary results that
	we have obtained.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1125451.1125643},
  isbn = {1-59593-298-4},
  location = {Montr\'{e}al, Qu\'{e}bec, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1251004,
  author = {Sharon J. Laskowski and Janice Redish},
  title = {Making ballot language understandable to voters},
  journal = {EVT'06: Proceedings of the USENIX/Accurate Electronic Voting Technology
	Workshop 2006 on Electronic Voting Technology Workshop},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1--1},
  abstract = {The wording and placement of instructions can help or hinder voters
	from successfully voting for their choices. No research has been
	done specifically on the language of instructions to voters, but
	we can draw best practices from research in several related disciplines.
	A recent study by the authors shows that typical ballots in the United
	States violate many of the best practices drawn from research. In
	this paper, we discuss and offer examples of the gap between best
	practice in giving instructions and the instructions that many voters
	see as they try to vote. We discuss the research on which we draw
	for these best practices and the need to study the applicability
	of this research in the specific context of voting instructions.},
  address = {Berkeley, CA, USA},
  location = {Vancouver, B.C., Canada},
  publisher = {USENIX Association},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Lauren Haldeman, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, Ann M. Ferris, Linda Drake,
	David Himmelgreen, Harby Bonello, Anir González, Sofia Segura-Millán,
	Ivette Méndez, Angela Bermúdez, Nancy Romero-Daza},
  title = {Development of a Color-Coded Bilingual Food Label for Low-Literacy
	Latino Caretakers},
  journal = {Journal of Nutrition Education, Volume 32, Issue 3, May 2000, Pages
	152-160},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {152-160},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{Lazaro2007,
  author = {Lazaro, O. and Gonzalez, A. and Aginako, L. and Hof, T. and Filali,
	F. and Atkinson, R. and de la Maza, S. and Vaquero, P. and Molina,
	B. and Flaherty, J.O. and Mazza, R.},
  title = {MULTINET: Enabler for Next Generation Pervasive Wireless Services},
  journal = {Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, 2007. 16th IST},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1-5},
  month = {July},
  abstract = {Pervasive services provided to the enterprise require from increased
	speed, performance, degree of personalization, ubiquitous access
	and reliability. 4G broadband wireless systems and multihoming technologies
	provide a working framework where such challenges could be met. In
	the context of a user driven broadband multimedia service and heterogeneous
	multiple-flow communication network supported system, this paper
	presents the MULTINET architecture as an enabler for next generation
	service delivery. The paper will discuss the main entities involved
	in the system, the main functionality supported and performance.
	The paper will also highlight initial architecture set-ups and evaluate
	benefits and drawbacks of the proposed configurations to meet the
	identified QoS requirements.},
  doi = {10.1109/ISTMWC.2007.4299107},
  keywords = {4G mobile communication, broadband networks, multimedia communication,
	ubiquitous computing4G broadband wireless systems, MULTINET architecture,
	QoS requirements, broadband multimedia service, heterogeneous multiple-flow
	communication network supported system, multihoming technologies,
	next generation pervasive wireless services, ubiquitous services},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Le2005,
  author = {Kang Le and Wei Mingxu and Wu Zhongcheng},
  title = {An overview of pen computing},
  journal = {Information Acquisition, 2005 IEEE International Conference on},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 8 pp.-},
  month = {June-3 July},
  abstract = {Pen computing broadly refers to an interdisciplinary matter and attracts
	many researchers recent years. In this paper we review four aspects
	of pen computing, say, pen-computing devices, pen interfaces, online
	handwriting recognition systems and pen computer applications. On
	the one hand we present a contour of pen computing, on the other
	hand, by virtual of reviewing the state of the art of pen computing,
	we also find many dissatisfaction in pen computing and hence consider
	that to further promote the development of pen computing, firstly
	researchers need to improve the hardware performance of pen computers
	and secondly to develop pen-base operating systems and more friendly
	pen interfaces and lastly to propose more better recognition algorithms.},
  doi = {10.1109/ICIA.2005.1635154},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { handwriting recognition, interactive devices, notebook computers,
	user interfaces online handwriting recognition system, pen computing,
	pen interfaces, pen-base operating system},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1401607,
  author = {Chien-Chiang Lee and Chun-Ping Chang and Pei-Fen Chen},
  title = {Money demand function versus monetary integration: Revisiting panel
	cointegration among GCC countries},
  journal = {Math. Comput. Simul.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {79},
  pages = {85--93},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {This paper applies the newly developed panel cointegrated technique
	[R. Larsson, J. Lyhagen, M. Lothgren, Likelihood-based cointegration
	tests in heterogeneous panels, Econom. J. 4 (1) (2001) 109-142] that
	allows for multiple cointegrated relationships to empirically re-examine
	the long-run money demand function for six selected countries of
	the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in 1979-2000. At the center of
	focus is a discussion on the regional money demand phenomena with
	challenges and potential benefits, because of these GCC member adoption
	this monetary integration policy. It is determined that there are
	at least two cointegrated relations in the four-dimensional vector
	error correction model for the variables of the real money balance,
	the real scale variable, the nominal interest rate, and the exchange
	rate. The coefficient restriction test is also conducted, and it
	substantiates that the full panel test significantly rejects the
	hypothesis of the quantity theory of money for the long-run elasticity
	of income equal to unity, and we are able to reject the null hypothesis
	when the semi-elasticities of the nominal interest rate and exchange
	rate are equal to zero. Some critical policy implications emerge
	from the results.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2007.10.003},
  issn = {0378-4754},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1326574,
  author = {Abhijit Lele and Mayank Raj and Debabrata Das},
  title = {Providing voice connectivity to rural India using WiMAX: issues and
	solution},
  journal = {NSDR '07: Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for
	developing regions},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1--6},
  abstract = {The need of emerging markets telecom, specifically in the Indian telecom
	scenario, WiMAX is being looked as a broadband access solution ahead
	of LTE and other competing technologies due its long range and high
	bandwidth. Voice Over IP (VoIP) will potentially be the killer application
	for emerging market like India. In this paper we propose a Kiosk
	based WiMAX infrastructure model to provide voice connectivity to
	rural Indian villages. In the proposed kiosk model, plain old telephones
	are connected to a WiMAX subscriber station using Foreign Exchange
	Subscriber and a Media Gateway. The novelty of the kiosk based infrastructure
	models is that it has low deployment cost from a service provider
	perspective, and almost negligible equipment cost for the end user.
	
	
	In order to make the kiosk based model economically sustainable, the
	number of simultaneous voice calls that can be supported over the
	WiMAX subscriber stations needs to be maximized. To this end, the
	paper proposes a Dynamic Frame Profile algorithm to maximize the
	number of VoIP calls supported over a single subscriber station.
	A performance evaluation of the the proposed Dynamic Frame Profile
	algorithm is also carried out to study its effectiveness and reported
	in this paper.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1326571.1326574},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-787-2},
  location = {Kyoto, Japan},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora considerando o pais em questão pode vir a tratar no desenvolvimento
	de sistemas para indivíduos com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1090786,
  author = {Clayton Lewis},
  title = {Bridges for the mind: opportunities for research on cognitive disabilities},
  journal = {Assets '05: Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference
	on Computers and accessibility},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1090785.1090786},
  isbn = {1-59593-159-7},
  location = {Baltimore, MD, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1102190,
  author = {Clayton Lewis},
  title = {HCI for people with cognitive disabilities},
  journal = {SIGACCESS Access. Comput.},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {12--17},
  number = {83},
  abstract = {The self-advocacy movement (Dybwad & Bersani, 1996) grew out of resistance
	to oppressive practices of institutionalization (and worse) for people
	with cognitive disabilities. Moving beyond the worst abuses, people
	with cognitive disabilities seek as full participation in society
	as possible.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1102187.1102190},
  issn = {1558-2337},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{278491,
  author = {Gerald L. Lohse and Peter Spiller},
  title = {Electronic shopping},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {81--87},
  number = {7},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/278476.278491},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {M.F. Fouad, S. Rastam, K.D. Ward, W. Maziak},
  title = {Prevalence of obesity and its associated factors in Aleppo, Syria},
  journal = {Prevention and Control, Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2006, Pages 85-94},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {85-94},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{Manochehri2008,
  author = {Manochehri, N.-N. and AlHinai, Y.S.},
  title = {Mobile-phone users’ attitudes towards’ mobile commerce \& services
	in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: Case study},
  journal = {Service Systems and Service Management, 2008 International Conference
	on},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1-6},
  month = {30 2008-July 2},
  abstract = {As the number of mobile phone users is growing, purchasing products
	and services using mobile phones and other mobile devices are also
	increasing. The purpose of this study was to provide the status of
	mobile-commerce in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in
	term of consumerspsila attitudes towards mobile commerce and mobile
	services provided by mobile operators. Oman, one of the GCC countries
	is used as the case study. The theoretical background of the study
	was drawn from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study showed
	that there is a promising future for m-commerce in Oman as above
	66 percents of respondents said that they are willing to buy products
	and services using their mobile phones. Security of mobile transactions
	and the cost of products and services are great concerns to the mobile
	phone users. This study provides a list of recommendations based
	on the result of the survey that would be of importance to the mobile
	industry stakeholders in Oman, GCC, and other countries with a similar
	economy, market and consumer characteristics. The outcome of the
	study would be of a particular interest to the private and public
	telecommunication organizations; especially those that intend to
	invest in m-commerce in the GCC area and other developing countries.},
  doi = {10.1109/ICSSSM.2008.4598475},
  keywords = {electronic commerce, human factors, mobile computing, mobile radioGulf
	Cooperation Council country, mobile commerce, mobile service, mobile
	transaction security, mobile-phone user attitude, private telecommunication
	organization, public telecommunication organization, technology acceptance
	model},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Manochehri2006,
  author = {Naser-Nick Manochehri and Yousuf AlHinai},
  title = {Mobile phone users attitude towards Mobile Commerce (m-commerce)
	and Mobile Services in Oman},
  journal = {Internet, 2006 2nd IEEE/IFIP International Conference in Central
	Asia on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1-6},
  month = {Sept. },
  abstract = {As the number of mobile phone users is growing, purchasing products
	and services using mobile phones and other mobile devices are also
	increasing. The purpose of this study was to provide the status of
	m-commerce in Oman in term of consumers' attitudes towards mobile
	commerce and mobile services provided by mobile operators in Oman.
	The study showed that there is a promising future for m-commerce
	in Oman as above 200 respondents said that they are willing to buy
	products and services using their mobile phones. Security of mobile
	transactions and the cost of products and services are great concerns
	to the mobile phone users in Oman. The outcome of the study would
	be of a particular interest to the private and public telecommunication
	organizations; especially those that intend to invest in m-commerce
	in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).},
  doi = {10.1109/CANET.2006.279277},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Maria L. Jibaja-Weiss, Robert J. Volk, Lois C. Friedman, Thomas S.
	Granchi, Nancy E. Neff, Stephen J. Spann, Emily K. Robinson, Noriaki
	Aoki, J. Robert Beck},
  title = {Preliminary testing of a just-in-time, user-defined values clarification
	exercise to aid lower literate women in making informed breast cancer
	treatment decisions},
  journal = {Health Expectations},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {Volume 9, Issue 3},
  pages = {218-231},
  abstract = {Objective To report on the initial testing of a values clarification
	exercise utilizing a jewellery box within a computerized patient
	decision aid (CPtDA) designed to assist women in making a surgical
	breast cancer treatment decision.
	
	
	Design Pre-post design, with patients interviewed after diagnosis,
	and then after completing the CPtDA sometime later at their preoperative
	visit.
	
	
	Sample Fifty-one female patients, who are low literate and naïve computer
	users, newly diagnosed with early stage breast cancer from two urban
	public hospitals.
	
	
	Intervention A computerized decision aid that combines entertainment-education
	(edutainment) with enhanced (factual) content. An interactive jewellery
	box is featured to assist women in: (1) recording and reflecting
	over issues of concern with possible treatments, (2) deliberating
	over surgery decision, and (3) communicating with physician and significant
	others.
	
	
	Outcomes Patients' use of the jewellery box to store issues during
	completion of the CPtDA, and perceived clarity of values in making
	a treatment decision, as measured by a low literacy version of the
	Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS).
	
	
	Results Over half of the participants utilized the jewellery box to
	store issues they found concerning about the treatments. On average,
	users flagged over 13 issues of concern with the treatments. Scores
	on the DCS Uncertainty and Feeling Unclear about Values subscales
	were lower after the intervention compared to before the decision
	was made.
	
	
	Conclusions A values clarification exercise using an interactive jewellery
	box may be a promising method for promoting informed treatment decision
	making by low literacy breast cancer patients.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de sistemas para usuários com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de sistemas para usuários com baixo grau
	de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1330545,
  author = {Gary Marsden},
  title = {UNDER DEVELOPMENT New users, new paradigms, new challenges},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {59--60},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1330526.1330545},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1330545,
  author = {Gary Marsden},
  title = {UNDER DEVELOPMENT New users, new paradigms, new challenges},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {59--60},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1330526.1330545},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1064881,
  author = {Don Marti},
  title = {Eof: if you don't believe in DRM, it can't hurt you},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {2005},
  pages = {15},
  number = {133},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{944547,
  author = {Isa Haro Martins and Lu\'{\i}s Alfredo Vidal de Carvalho and Luiz
	Ferreira and Maria do Socorro Martins Calh\'{a}u and Maria Luiza
	Tavares Ben\'{\i}cio},
  title = {Man-computer interaction aspects in systems for the young people
	and non-alphabetized adults},
  journal = {CLIHC '03: Proceedings of the Latin American conference on Human-computer
	interaction},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {235--238},
  abstract = {The INFormar project (Informatics for the Education of the Illiterate
	Young and Adult) unfolds in a country with a huge social exclusion
	by illiteracy. The project main target is to develop customized computational
	and methodological tools that multiply the processes of teaching
	illiterate adults and of training specialized teachers, at the same
	time helping the process of digital inclusion. The first of the tools
	assesses the individual illiteracy level and gives some insight for
	an analysis of the special aspects of human-computer interface in
	computer systems for illiterate users.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  location = {Rio de Janeiro, Brazil},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar tanto o desenvolvimento de interfaces
	computacionais e usuarios analfabetos
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar tanto o desenvolvimento de interfaces
	computacionais e usuarios analfabetos}
}

@ARTICLE{1005838,
  author = {Victor W. A. Mbarika},
  title = {Is telemedicine the panacea for Sub-Saharan Africa's medical nightmare?},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {47},
  pages = {21--24},
  number = {7},
  abstract = {"Ever since my eye swelled up, I've gone to church to pray for a cure...I
	always knew He would send a way to make me better---I just didn't
	know it was going to be from London," says Anna Mobutsu, a 23-year-old
	farm laborer, who cannot imagine journeying farther than a bus ride
	from her home in the small African town of Nelspruit. An illiterate
	single parent with a 7-year-old and an elderly mother to support
	on about $56 a month, Anna does not even own a TV to introduce her
	to a world beyond her own. "But this afternoon I went to London"
	[2].},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1005817.1005838},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado por naum mencionar o uso de interfaces computacionasi
	no resumo, ou apresentar resumo desestruturado.}
}

@ARTICLE{McCann2005,
  author = {McCann, R. and Kramnik, A. and Shen, W. and Varadarajan, V. and Sobulo,
	O. and AnHai Doan},
  title = {Integrating data from disparate sources: a mass collaboration approach},
  journal = {Data Engineering, 2005. ICDE 2005. Proceedings. 21st International
	Conference on},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 487-488},
  month = {April},
  abstract = {The rapid growth of distributed data at enterprises and on the WWW
	has fueled significant interest in building data integration systems.
	Such a system provides users with a uniform query interface (called
	mediated schema) to a multitude of data sources, thus freeing them
	from manually querying each individual source. To address some problems
	in the MOBS (Mass Collaboration to Build Systems) project at the
	University of Illinois, we develop solutions that learn from the
	multitude of users in the integration environment to improve the
	accuracy of integration tools. The improved accuracy in turn can
	significantly reduce the workload of the system builder. In developing
	MOBS we address the following key challenges: (i) obtaining user
	participation, (ii) learning from user participation, and (iii) combining
	user answers.},
  doi = {10.1109/ICDE.2005.81},
  issn = {1084-4627 },
  keywords = { distributed databases, query processing, user interfaces MOBS project,
	data integration systems, disparate sources, distributed data, integration
	tools, mass collaboration approach, mediated schema, query interface,
	user participation},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1117432,
  author = {Claudia Bauzer Medeiros},
  title = {From subject of change to agent of change: women and IT in Brazil},
  journal = {CWIT '05: Proceedings of the international symposium on Women and
	ICT},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {15},
  abstract = {Brazil has one of South America's largest information technology (IT)
	communities. One hundred million people voted electronically for
	President and congress in 2004, and 97 percent of all income tax
	declarations are submitted via the Internet. Over 20,000 students
	graduate every year in computer science alone, and two of the federal
	government's four industrial priorities are related to IT --- software
	and semiconductors. Though women represent 60 percent of the country's
	college graduates, less than 5 percent choose Computer Science as
	a major. Programs to foster gender equality have little intersection
	with the national digital inclusion program. This paper points out
	actions that may be considered to allow Brazilian women to become
	full citizens of the information society. These actions concern formal
	and informal means of education, and on visibility and advocacy.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1117417.1117432},
  isbn = {1-59593-301-8},
  location = {Baltimore, Maryland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1273973,
  author = {Indrani Medhi},
  title = {User-centered design for development},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {12--14},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1273961.1273973},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1273973,
  author = {Indrani Medhi},
  title = {User-centered design for development},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {12--14},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1273961.1273973},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1358640,
  author = {Indrani Medhi and Geeta Menon and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Challenges in computerized job search for the developing world},
  journal = {CHI '08: CHI '08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {2079--2094},
  abstract = {We examine the broad challenges facing a computer-based system to
	help match low-income domestic workers from an urban slum with potential
	middle-class employers in Bangalore, India. Due to the near impossibility
	of implementing such a system in one shot, we first implemented a
	paper-based system that provides the intended functionality but without
	a computer. This system proved a significant challenge in itself,
	and among the lessons learned are the crucial role of human intermediaries
	(necessary even in the final computer-based system), the importance
	of building skills among the domestic workers, the need for a strong
	value proposition for both employers and employees well above existing
	systems, and the requirement of technological literacy. We then show
	that these lessons are applicable to other scenarios where computing
	technology is applied to developing-world challenges, by analyzing
	corresponding issues in related work. \ \ Our broad conclusion is
	that computer-based systems to solve developing-world problems often
	require significant work above and beyond an implementation of the
	technology, with trustworthy human intermediaries playing a critical
	role. \},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1358628.1358640},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-012-X},
  location = {Florence, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1242690,
  author = {Indrani Medhi and Archana Prasad and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Optimal audio-visual representations for illiterate users of computers},
  journal = {WWW '07: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {873--882},
  abstract = {We present research leading toward an understanding of the optimal
	audio-visual representation for illustrating concepts for illiterate
	and semi-literate users of computers. In our user study, which to
	our knowledge is the first of its kind, we presented to 200 illiterate
	subjects each of 13 different health symptoms in one representation
	randomly selected among the following ten: text, static drawings,
	staticphotographs, hand-drawn animations, and video, each with and
	without voice annotation. The goal was to see how comprehensible
	these representation types were for an illiterate audience. We used
	a methodology for generating each of the representations tested in
	a way that fairly stacks one representational type against the others.
	
	
	Our main results are that (1) voice annotation generally helps in
	speed of comprehension, but bimodal audio-visual information can
	be confusing for the target population; (2) richer information is
	not necessarily better understood overall; (3) the relative value
	of dynamic imagery versus static imagery depends on various factors.
	Analysis of these statistically significant results and additional
	detailed results are also provided.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1242572.1242690},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-654-7},
  location = {Banff, Alberta, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar o uso de computadores por usuarios analfabetos
	
	DDDS por naum mencionar o uso direto de computadores, apenas de midias
	para transmissao de informacoes.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o uso de computadores por usuarios analfabetos
	
	
	Título do Trabalho: Text-free user interfaces for illiterate and semiliterate
	users
	
	Abstract: contido
	
	Data da Extração: 01/11/2008
	
	URL com referência do artigo: http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/itid.2007.4.1.37
	
	Referência Completa em formato Bibtek: contido
	
	Nome da Metodologia no desenvolvimento da interface, se houver: 
	
	Lista de recursos Tecnológicos: 
	
	Descrição dos testes e avaliações aplicados:}
}

@ARTICLE{1345090,
  author = {Indrani Medhi and Aman Sagar and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Text-free user interfaces for illiterate and semiliterate users},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {37--50},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {We describe work toward the goal of a user interface (UI) designed
	such that even novice, illiterate users require absolutely no intervention
	from anyone at all to use. Our text-free UI is based on many hours
	of ethnographic design conducted in collaboration with a community
	of illiterate domestic laborers in three Bangalore slums. An ethnographic
	design process was used to understand what kind of application subjects
	would be interested in, how they respond to computing technology,
	and how they react to specific UI elements. We built two applications
	using these principles, one for job search for domestic laborers
	and another for a generic map that could be used for navigating a
	city. The resulting designs are based on key lessons that we gained
	through the design process. This article describes the design process,
	the design principles, which evolved out of the process, the final
	application designs, and results from initial user testing. Our results
	confirm previous work that emphasizes the need for semiabstracted
	graphics and voice feedback, but we additionally find that some aspects
	of design for illiterate users that have been previously overlooked
	(such as a consistent help feature). Results also show that the text-free
	designs are strongly preferred over standard text-based interfaces
	by the communities which we address and that they are potentially
	able to bring even complex computer functions within the reach of
	users who are unable to read.},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/itid.2007.4.1.37},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar a construcao de interfaces para usuarios analfabetos.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construcao de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1345090,
  author = {Indrani Medhi and Aman Sagar and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Text-free user interfaces for illiterate and semiliterate users},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {37--50},
  number = {1},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/itid.2007.4.1.37},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 por ja ter sido mapeado em outro sistema de busca}
}

@ARTICLE{Medhi2006,
  author = {Indrani Medhi and Aman Sagar and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Text-Free User Interfaces for Illiterate and Semi-Literate Users},
  journal = {Information and Communication Technologies and Development, 2006.
	ICTD '06. International Conference on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {72-82},
  month = {May },
  abstract = {We describe work toward the goal of a user interface designed such
	that even novice, illiterate users require absolutely no intervention
	from anyone at all to use. Our text-free user interface is based
	on many hours of ethnographic design conducted in collaboration with
	a community of illiterate domestic labourers in three Bangalore slums.
	An ethnographic design process was used to understand what kind of
	application subjects would be interested in, how they respond to
	computing technology, and how they react to specific UI elements.
	We built two applications using these principles, one for job search
	for domestic labourers, and another for a generic map that could
	be used for navigating a city. The resulting designs are based on
	key lessons that we gained through the design process. The paper
	describes the design process, the design principles which evolved
	out of the process, the final application design, and results from
	initial user testing. Our results confirm previous work that emphasizes
	the need for semi-abstracted graphics and voice feedback, but we
	additionally find that some aspects of design for illiterate users
	that have been previously overlooked (such as a consistent help feature).
	Results also show that the text-free designs are strongly preferred
	over standard text-based interfaces by the communities which we address,
	and that they are potentially able to bring even complex computer
	functions within the reach of users who are unable to read},
  doi = {10.1109/ICTD.2006.301841},
  keywords = {social aspects of automation, user interfacesethnographic design,
	illiterate users, semiabstracted graphics, semiliterate users, text-free
	user interfaces, voice feedback},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 por ja ter sido mapeado em outro sistema de busca},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1273984,
  author = {Michael Merzenich},
  title = {Neuroscience via computer: brain exercise for older adults},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {42--45},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1273961.1273984},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Migiyama2006,
  author = {Hiroshi Migiyama and Taiichiro Hayashi and Nikolay Mirenkov},
  title = {A Picture Language Translator},
  journal = {Frontier of Computer Science and Technology, 2006. FCST '06. Japan-China
	Joint Workshop on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {121-130},
  month = {Nov. },
  abstract = {Picture languages are on attractive basis for communication. However,
	it is difficult to represent and understand accurate meaning in such
	languages. So, we are developing an approach where pictures with
	captions are allocated on positions of a 2D structure and special
	translators generate corresponding sentences in natural languages.
	These positions have pre-defined meaning and represent a multimedia
	hieroglyph. The hieroglyph is a complex picture (a multimedia sentence)
	including more simple pictures (multimedia words). In this approach
	the "hieroglyphic writing" is reduced to selecting appropriate multimedia
	words through special interface panels without necessity to use keyboards.
	As a result, the users can send and receive multimedia messages,
	though they have never used a computer before. In this paper, methods
	and implementation techniques for translating multimedia hieroglyphs
	into English are explained},
  doi = {10.1109/FCST.2006.5},
  keywords = {language translation, multimedia computing, natural language processingEnglish,
	hieroglyphic writing, multimedia hieroglyph, natural languages, picture
	language translator},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{130268,
  author = {Mella Mincberg},
  title = {WordPerfect 5.1 made easy},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1990},
  address = {Berkeley, CA, USA},
  isbn = {0-07-881625-4},
  publisher = {Osborne/McGraw-Hill},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1358807,
  author = {Paulina L. Modlitba and Christopher Schmandt},
  title = {Globetoddler: designing for remote interaction between preschoolers
	and their traveling parents},
  journal = {CHI '08: CHI '08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {3057--3062},
  abstract = {In recent decades, families in the Western world have become more
	geographically distributed, making it more difficult for family members
	to achieve and maintain a feeling of connectedness. Different time
	zones and contexts and a limited awareness of the other family members'
	availability and mood are some of many factors that make "being together"
	more challenging when physically apart. Besides, when it comes to
	preschool children, existing communication technologies, such as
	phones and computers, may not even be an option. As a result, many
	families simply accept the fact that being apart leads to fragmented,
	or even non-existent, interaction. In this paper we describe initial
	work on a tangible system, Globetoddler, which aims to make remote
	interaction between preschool children and their traveling parents
	easy and enjoyable. The paper describes the process of defining design
	principles for this system, as well as the content and implications
	of these principles.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1358628.1358807},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-012-X},
  location = {Florence, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Moraitis2007,
  author = {Moraitis, P. and Spanoudakis, N.},
  title = {Argumentation-Based Agent Interaction in an Ambient-Intelligence
	Context},
  journal = {Intelligent Systems, IEEE},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {84-93},
  number = {6},
  month = {Nov.-Dec. },
  abstract = {A multiagent system uses argumentation-based interaction in an ambient-intelligence
	context to provide services for people with different combinations
	of impairments. This paper focuses on ambient intelligence system
	of agents for knowledge-based and integrated services for mobility-impaired
	users integrated projectpsilas (ASK-ITIP) furthered the challenge
	by aiming to support users having different types and combinations
	of impairments. ASK-ITIP use of argumentation to model a distributed
	decision-making process for a coalition of assistant agents, each
	an expert on a different impairment. When a user suffers from a combination
	of impairments, these agents engage in an argumentation-based dialogue
	to agree on the user's needs. We found that applying argumentation
	was natural in this context because, generally speaking, we can abstractly
	define argumentation as the principled interaction of different,
	potentially conflicting arguments to obtain a consistent conclusion.
	Moreover, argumentation-based interaction is combined with a standardized
	interaction type based on the foundation for intelligent physical
	agents interaction protocol.},
  doi = {10.1109/MIS.2007.101},
  issn = {1541-1672},
  keywords = {decision making, handicapped aids, knowledge based systems, mobile
	computing, multi-agent systemsambient intelligence system, argumentation-based
	agent interaction, argumentation-based dialogue, distributed decision-making
	process, intelligent physical agents interaction protocol, knowledge-based
	services, mobility-impaired users, multiagent system},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1383485,
  author = {Lourdes Moreno and Paloma Mart\'{\i}nez and Jes\'{u}s Contreras and
	Richard Benjamins},
  title = {Towards accessible semantic web applications},
  journal = {DCMI '05: Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Dublin
	Core and metadata applications},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--9},
  abstract = {The importance for Web applications to reach all kind of potential
	users and customers is being stressed by companies and public sectors.
	The standardization initiative for Web applications, WAI and the
	Universal Design framework establish useful rules for building accessible
	applications for any kind of disabled and non-disabled users. The
	proliferation of Semantic Web technologies and formal ontologies
	offer a technological opportunity for establishing automatic and
	advanced methods for accessible Web applications. In this work we
	introduce a method for publishing Semantic Web content that establishes
	separated stages for content selection and its presentation, through
	Semantic Portal. We are applying some of those principles to a portal
	devoted to international affairs.},
  isbn = {8489315442, 9788489315440},
  location = {Madrid, Spain},
  publisher = {Dublin Core Metadata Initiative},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1026548,
  author = {S. N. I. Mount and R. M. Newman and R. J. Low and A. Mycroft},
  title = {Exstatic: a generic static checker applied to documentation systems},
  journal = {SIGDOC '04: Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference
	on Design of communication},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {52--57},
  abstract = {Exstatic is a generic static checker developed by the author to address
	many of the practical problems in program development. Static checking
	provides a valuable means for automating time consuming checks not
	only concerned with program correctness (writing the right program),
	but also to do with style (writing the program right). Previous static
	checkers have been closely coupled with compilation systems, and
	therefore tend to be applicable to the code itself and not to all
	of the textual information (such as makefiles, comments, documentation
	sources) surrounding the code. The generic nature of Exstatic allows
	it to overcome these boundaries, and indeed it can be applied to
	any medium for which there is a formally definable syntax and (to
	an extent) semantics. Exstatic can therefore be used to increase
	the productivity and quality of documentation of programs, checking
	for such things as adherence to house style, consistency with the
	program being documented and self consistency. This paper describes
	the design and use of Exstatic, with particular reference to its
	use in documentation systems.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1026533.1026548},
  isbn = {1-58113-809-1},
  location = {Memphis, Tennessee, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1085320,
  author = {Steve Murphy},
  title = {Accessibility of graphics in technical documentation for the cognitive
	and visually impaired},
  journal = {SIGDOC '05: Proceedings of the 23rd annual international conference
	on Design of communication},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {12--17},
  abstract = {With the U.S. government's new requirement for accessibility, companies
	such as IBM, are revising their method of selling products and solutions
	to ensure compliance. The delivery mechanism for information must
	be accessible to all users, including users with vision, hearing,
	motor, or cognitive disabilities.Users consume information from many
	different sources. An increasingly popular method of distributing
	information is using computers and the Internet. The Web houses volumes
	of documents and graphics available to anyone at any time. Paired
	with assistive technology such as Home Page Reader, the Internet
	makes information that would otherwise be restrictive accessible.However,
	as approachable as the Internet may be with its sheer volume of information,
	it does have limitations. The old saying about a chain, that it is
	only as good as its weakest link, aptly describes the Internet. Beside
	problems with retrievability and searchability, many other issues
	plague this vehicle of information. No matter how sophisticated HTML,
	DHTML, XHTML, and XML present information, the graphics within the
	body text are the weakest link, from the viewpoint of users with
	visual or cognitive impairments.This presentation is divided into
	two sections and explores how a method of creating and exporting
	graphics can improve the experiences of users with visual or cognitive
	impairments when viewing technical documentation:
	
	
	 * Clear, concise, and well-structured diagrams enable better comprehension
	for the cognitively impaired suffering from dyslexia and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive
	Disorder (ADHD).
	
	 * The Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) solution addresses many challenges
	for visually impaired people.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1085313.1085320},
  isbn = {1-59593-175-9},
  location = {Coventry, United Kingdom},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1169030,
  author = {Iain Murray and Andrew Pasquale},
  title = {A portable device for the translation of braille to text},
  journal = {Assets '06: Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference
	on Computers and accessibility},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {231--232},
  abstract = {This paper presents the development of a portable device for the translation
	of embossed Braille to text. The device optically scans a Braille
	page and outputs the equivalent text output in real time, thus acting
	as a written communications gateway between sighted and vision impaired
	persons.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1168987.1169030},
  isbn = {1-59593-290-9},
  location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1101786,
  author = {Philip F. Musa and Victor W. Mbarika and Peter Meso},
  title = {Calling for programmed technology transfer and adoption strategies
	for sustainable LDC growth},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {111--116},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {Developing nations need a technology jumpstart---via basic technologies
	geared toward education, farming, and health care.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1101779.1101786},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract abstract mal estruturado.}
}

@ARTICLE{1146658,
  author = {Wagaki Mwangi},
  title = {The social relations of e-government diffusion in developing countries:
	the case of Rwanda},
  journal = {dg.o '06: Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Digital
	government research},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {199--208},
  abstract = {Rwanda has undergone a rapid turnaround from one of the most technologically
	deficient countries only a decade ago to a country where legislative
	business is conducted online and wireless access to the Internet
	is available anywhere in the country. This is puzzling when viewed
	against the limited progress made in other comparable developing
	countries, especially those located in the same region, sub-Saharan
	Africa, where the structural and institutional constraints to e-government
	diffusion are similar. Based on an exploratory case study of the
	country's e-government system that draws on group and social theories,
	I argue that the convergence of four factors associated with the
	policy environment, political leadership, emigrants and refugee returnees,
	and epistemic communities account for Rwanda's achievements. The
	primacy of interest group politics in the unfolding story of e-government
	diffusion in developing countries is underscored and potential areas
	for further research highlighted.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1146598.1146658},
  location = {San Diego, California},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{593855,
  author = {Rafi Nachimias and David Mioduser and Anat Shelma},
  title = {Information and Communication Technologies Usage by Students in an
	Israeli High School: Equity, Gender, and Inside/Outside School Learning
	Issues},
  journal = {Education and Information Technologies},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {43--53},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {This study describes and analyses a survey that was conducted with
	384 students from grades 7–12 in a typical urban High School in Israel.
	The students reported on the extent and characteristics of Information
	and Communication Technology (ICT) usage within and beyond school
	time and location. Its focus is on (a) equity issues regarding the
	extent, purposes and scope of ICT usage and students self perception
	in ICT proficiency; (b) gender and age differences in ICT use; and
	(c) relationship between inside/outside school learning processes.
	The findings show that 10% of the students are non-users of ICT,
	two thirds are common-users and only 25% are skilled users. About
	half of the students use the Internet to some extent. Major Gender
	differences were found: in general, more boys used ICT more extensively
	than girls did. Differences among age groups were found mainly with
	respect to the use of complex applications, but not regarding Internet
	usage. These results are discussed in the light of the three focal
	issues: equity, gender, and integration of learning processes taking
	place within and outside school.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011367212148},
  issn = {1360-2357},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1409353,
  author = {A. A. Nanavati and N. Rajput and A. I. Rudnicky and M. Turunen},
  title = {SiMPE: third workshop on speech in mobile and pervasive environments},
  journal = {MobileHCI '08: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on
	Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {569--570},
  abstract = {In the past, voice-based applications have been accessed using unintelligent
	telephone devices through Voice Browsers that reside on the server.
	The proliferation of pervasive devices and the increase in their
	processing capabilities, clientside speech processing has been emerging
	as a viable alternative. In SiMPE 2008, the third in the series,
	we will continue to explore the various possibilities and issues
	that arise while enabling speech processing on resource-constrained,
	possibly mobile devices.
	
	
	In SiMPE 2007 [2], the focus was on developing regions. Given the
	importance of speech in developing regions, SiMPE 2008 will include
	"SiMPE for developing regions" as a topic of interest. As a result
	of discussions in SiMPE 2007, we plan to invite and encourage Speech
	UI designers to participate in SiMPE 2008. We will also review the
	progress made over the last two years, in the areas and key problems
	identified in SiMPE 2006 [3].},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1409240.1409353},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-952-4},
  location = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS no entanto apresenta a interface de voz utilizada em paises em
	desenvolvimento, e falando de sua importancia ressaltada nesses paises.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1031643,
  author = {Bonnie A. Nardi and Diane J. Schiano and Michelle Gumbrecht},
  title = {Blogging as social activity, or, would you let 900 million people
	read your diary?},
  journal = {CSCW '04: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported
	cooperative work},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {222--231},
  abstract = {"Blogging" is a Web-based form of communication that is rapidly becoming
	mainstream. In this paper, we report the results of an ethnographic
	study of blogging, focusing on blogs written by individuals or small
	groups, with limited audiences. We discuss motivations for blogging,
	the quality of social interactivity that characterized the blogs
	we studied, and relationships to the blogger's audience. We consider
	the way bloggers related to the known audience of their personal
	social networks as well as the wider "blogosphere" of unknown readers.
	We then make design recommendations for blogging software based on
	these findings.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1031607.1031643},
  isbn = {1-58113-810-5},
  location = {Chicago, Illinois, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Nedevschi2005,
  author = {Nedevschi, S. and Patra, R.K. and Brewer, E.A.},
  title = {Hardware speech recognition for user interfaces in low cost, low
	power devices},
  journal = {Design Automation Conference, 2005. Proceedings. 42nd},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 684-689},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {We propose a system architecture for real-time hardware speech recognition
	on low-cost, power-constrained devices. The system is intended to
	support real-time speech-based user interfaces as part of an effort
	to bring information and communication technologies (ICTs) to underdeveloped
	regions of the world. Our system architecture exploits a shared infrastructure
	model. The computationally intensive task of speech model training
	and retraining is performed offline by shared servers, while the
	actual recognition of speech is conducted on low-cost hand-held devices
	using custom hardware. The recognizer is extremely flexible and can
	support multiple languages or dialects with speaker-independent recognition.
	Dynamic loading of speech models is used for changing language grammar
	and retraining, while reprogramming is used to support evolution
	of recognition algorithms. The focus on small sets of words (at one
	time) reduces the complexity, cost and power consumption. We design
	the speech decoder, the central component of the recognizer, and
	we validate it via a prototype FPGA implementation. We then use ASIC
	synthesis to estimate power and size for the design. Our evaluations
	demonstrate an order of magnitude improvement in power compared with
	optimized recognition software running on a low-power embedded general-purpose
	processor of the same technology and of similar capabilities. The
	synthesis also estimates the area of the design to be about 2.5mm,
	showing potential for lower cost. In designing and testing our recognizer
	we use datasets in both English and Tamil languages.},
  keywords = { application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate
	arrays, natural languages, speech recognition, user interfaces, vocoders
	ASIC synthesis, FPGA implementation, hand-held device, information
	communication technology, language grammar, power consumption, power-constrained
	device, speech decoder, speech model training, speech recognition,
	user interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1065760,
  author = {Sergiu Nedevschi and Rabin K. Patra and Eric A. Brewer},
  title = {Hardware speech recognition for user interfaces in low cost, low
	power devices},
  journal = {DAC '05: Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {684--689},
  abstract = {We propose a system architecture for real-time hardware speech recognition
	on low-cost, power-constrained devices. The system is intended to
	support real-time speech-based user interfaces as part of an effort
	to bring Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to underdeveloped
	regions of the world.Our system architecture exploits a shared infrastructure
	model. The computationally intensive task of speech model training
	and retraining is performed offline by shared servers, while the
	actual recognition of speech is conducted on low-cost hand-held devices
	using custom hardware.The recognizer is extremely flexible and can
	support multiple languages or dialects with speaker-independent recognition.
	Dynamic loading of speech models is used for changing language grammar
	and retraining, while reprogramming is used to support evolution
	of recognition algorithms. The focus on small sets of words (at one
	time) reduces the complexity, cost and power consumption. We design
	the speech decoder, the central component of the recognizer, and
	we validate it via a prototype FPGA implementation. We then use ASIC
	synthesis to estimate power and size for the design.Our evaluations
	demonstrate an order of magnitude improvement in power compared with
	optimized recognition software running on a low-power embedded general-purpose
	processor of the same technology and of similar capabilities. The
	synthesis also estimates the area of the design to be about 2.5mm2,
	showing potential for lower cost. In designing and testing our recognizer
	we use datasets in both English and Tamil languages.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1065579.1065760},
  isbn = {1-59593-058-2},
  location = {Anaheim, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1065760,
  author = {Sergiu Nedevschi and Rabin K. Patra and Eric A. Brewer},
  title = {Hardware speech recognition for user interfaces in low cost, low
	power devices},
  journal = {DAC '05: Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {684--689},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1065579.1065760},
  isbn = {1-59593-058-2},
  location = {Anaheim, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema.}
}

@ARTICLE{974451,
  author = {Alan Newell and Stefan Langer and Marianne Hickey},
  title = {The r\^{o}le of natural language processing in alternative and augmentative
	communication},
  journal = {Nat. Lang. Eng.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {1--16},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) for people with speech
	and language disorders is an interesting and challenging application
	field for research in Natural Language Processing. Further advances
	in the development of AAC systems require robust language processing
	techniques and versatile linguistic knowledge bases. Also NLP research
	can benefit from studying the techniques used in this field and from
	the user-centred methodologies used to develop and evaluate AAC systems.
	Until recently, however, apart from some exceptions, there was little
	scientific exchange between the two research areas. This paper aims
	to make a contribution to closing this gap. We will argue that current
	interest in language use, which can be shown by the large amount
	of research on comprehensive dictionaries and on corpora processing,
	makes the results of NLP research more relevant to AAC. We will also
	show that the increasing interest of AAC researchers in NLP is having
	positive results. To situate research on communication aids, the
	first half of this paper gives an overview of the AAC research field.
	The second half is dedicated to an overview of research prototype
	systems and commercially available communication aids that specifically
	involve more advanced language processing techniques.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S135132499800182X},
  issn = {1351-3249},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAs por mencionar o processamento de linguagens naturais pode vir
	a tratar de um tema parecido com o por simples
	
	no entanto naum trata o problema de analfabetismo, mas problemas de
	fala e da lingua em si.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Jan Kennedy Olsen},
  title = {The electronic library and literacy},
  journal = {New Directions for Higher Education},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {Volume 1992, Issue 78},
  pages = {91-102},
  abstract = {Our current notion of literacy, including the skills that we associate
	with it, has evolvedfrom the technology of the quill pen, paper,
	movable type, and mechanically powered rotary press to the new electronic
	technology.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1360582,
  author = {Alexander Osterwalder},
  title = {Understanding ICT\&\#45;based business models in developing countries},
  journal = {Int. J. Inf. Technol. Manage.},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {333--348},
  number = {2-4},
  abstract = {It is an essential issue to show how small- and medium-sized enterprises
	(SMEs) and micro enterprises in developing countries can profit from
	the opportunities presented through the use of information and communication
	technologies ICTs. This fosters development and helps narrowing the
	digital divide. The paper presents a business model framework that
	helps analysing ICT-based business models and illustrates it through
	the Village Phone Program of the telecommunication operator Grameen
	Phone in Bangladesh. Furthermore, the paper proposes a so-called
	business model handbook to improve knowledge transfer related to
	ICT-based business models.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJITM.2004.005042},
  issn = {1461-4111},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS pode tratar de usuarios com baixo grau de alfabetização considerando
	que os usuarios são moradores de bangladesh.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1238809,
  author = {Emilia P\'{e}rez and Ana G\'{o}mez and Sergio S\'{a}nchez and Jose
	D. Carracedo and Justo Carracedo and Carlos Gonz\'{a}lez and Jes\'{u}s
	Moreno},
  title = {Design of an advanced platform for citizen participation committed
	to ensuring freedom of speech},
  journal = {J. Theor. Appl. Electron. Commer. Res.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {58--71},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {The expansion of new platforms of digital democracy does not necessarily
	entail an increase in citizen participation. The VOTESCRIPT group
	has made a sociological analysis to determine the causes of this
	apparent failure, reaching the conclusion that users are demanding
	capabilities that are not available in present systems.
	
	
	This paper presents a proposal for an advanced system of debate in
	an environment of digital democracy which overcomes the limitations
	of existing systems. We have been especially careful in applying
	security procedures in telematic systems, for they are to offer citizens
	the guarantees that society demands. New functional tools have been
	included to ensure user authentication and to permit anonymous participation
	where the system is unable to disclose or even to know the identity
	of system users. The platform prevents participation by non-entitled
	persons who do not belong to the authorized group from giving their
	opinion. Furthermore, this proposal allows for verifying the proper
	function of the system, free of tampering or fraud intended to alter
	the conclusions or outcomes of participation. All these tools guarantee
	important aspects of both a social and technical nature, most importantly:
	freedom of expression, equality and auditability.},
  address = {Talca, Chile},
  issn = {0718-1876},
  publisher = {Facultad de Ingenier\'{\i}a, Universidad de Talca},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{602341,
  author = {Volker Paelke and Christian Reimann and Waldemar Rosenbach},
  title = {A visualization design repository for mobile devices},
  journal = {AFRIGRAPH '03: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on
	Computer graphics, virtual Reality, visualisation and interaction
	in Africa},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {57--62},
  abstract = {Mobile devices with multimedia and graphics capabilities have great
	potential in a wide variety of applications. In addition to location-based
	services, mobile-commerce and multimedia entertainment that are often
	viewed as promising applications of third generation mobile networks
	mobile devices also offer a potential solution to bridging the digital
	divide in developing countries. Mobile devices could be used to provide
	essential IT services like internet access, communication, information,
	education and banking in areas where no fully developed infrastructures
	like the electric grid and wire-based net connections are available.
	Highly usable interfaces will be a critical factor in the development
	of successful mobile devices and applications. This is especially
	true if such IT services should become accessible to illiterate or
	semi-literate users and users without any previous computer experience
	where the interface will have to rely largely on graphics and speech
	as interaction mechanisms. However, the design of multimedia-based
	interfaces for mobile devices is currently complicated by a lack
	of standardized visualization techniques and interaction mechanisms
	and the absence of related component libraries and style guides.
	As a first step towards the development of a standardized set of
	device-independent presentation and interaction techniques we are
	currently working on a repository of visualization design solutions
	for mobile UIs which will later be extended to include general interaction
	techniques.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/602330.602341},
  isbn = {1-58113-643-9},
  location = {Cape Town, South Africa},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar a construcao de interfaces para usuarios analfabetos
	
	DDDS por naum objetivar metodos de construcao de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos, mas para o publico geral.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1135896,
  author = {Joyojeet Pal and Udai Singh Pawar and Eric A. Brewer and Kentaro
	Toyama},
  title = {The case for multi-user design for computer aided learning in developing
	regions},
  journal = {WWW '06: Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {781--789},
  abstract = {Computer-aided learning is fast gaining traction in developing regions
	as a means to augment classroom instruction. Reasons for using computer-aided
	learning range from supplementing teacher shortages to starting underprivileged
	children off in technology, and funding for such initiatives range
	from state education funds to international agencies and private
	groups interested in child development. The interaction of children
	with computers is seen at various levels, from unsupervised self-guided
	learning at public booths without specific curriculum to highly regulated
	in-class computer applications with modules designed to go with school
	curriculum. Such learning is used at various levels from children
	as young as 5 year-old to high-schoolers. This paper uses field observations
	of primary school children in India using computer-aided learning
	modules, and finds patterns by which children who perform better
	in classroom activities seat themselves in front of computer monitors,
	and control the mouse, in cases where children are required to share
	computer resources. We find that in such circumstances, there emerges
	a pattern of learning, unique to multi-user environments - wherein
	certain children tend to learn better because of their control of
	the mouse. This research also shows that while computer aided learning
	software for children is primarily designed for single-users, the
	implementation realities of resource-strapped learning environments
	in developing regions presents a strong case for multi-user design.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1135777.1135896},
  isbn = {1-59593-323-9},
  location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora trate de criancas no context ode alfabetização e aprendizagem.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Paraguacu2003,
  author = {Paraguacu, F. and Cerri, S.A. and Costa, C. and Untersteller, E.},
  title = {A peer-to-peer architecture for the collaborative construction of
	scientific theories by virtual communities},
  journal = {Information Technology: Research and Education, 2003. Proceedings.
	ITRE2003. International Conference on},
  year = {2003},
  pages = { 600-604},
  month = {Aug.},
  abstract = {Needs for bidirectional nonvertical access to information and learning
	are evident and urgent. We cannot impose pervasive, huge investments
	to developing country's users forcing them to wait. Peer-to-peer
	architectures integrated with interoperable XML documents are currently
	the most suited means for direct, bidirectional access to information
	within virtual communities. We show how such an architecture may
	improve the effectiveness of a previously developed tool for literacy
	in Brazil, at the same time as it enables highly qualified scientists
	in the West to cooperate on the Web today, on the grid tomorrow.},
  doi = {10.1109/ITRE.2003.1270690},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { Internet, XML, educational administrative data processing, groupware,
	parallel architectures XML document, bidirectional information access,
	collaborative construction, computer supported collaborative work,
	developing country, peer-to-peer architecture, scientific theory,
	virtual community},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por mencionar o contexto de alfabetização na aprendizagem.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1328133,
  author = {Y. Pardhasaradhi and Safdar Ahmed},
  title = {Efficiency of electronic public service delivery in India: public-private
	partnership as a critical factor},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {357--365},
  abstract = {The dynamics of public administration in India have altered drastically
	with the introduction of e-governance as a guiding concept in the
	late 1980s. Citizens, the world over, have been demanding smaller,
	effective and responsive governments, obviously inspired by the unprecedented
	and rapid success of finance capital in the global market. Consequently,
	policy makers began the search for smaller and efficient governments.
	On an evolutionary plane, reengineering of service systems, performance
	management, transparency in government operations, down sizing or
	right sizing the government workforce, emphasis on delivery of reliable
	public services and ultimately citizen satisfaction came to be considered
	as benchmarks by most of the administrators. Quick decision-making,
	data-based planning, effective implementation through quantitative
	techniques seemed to have clinched the issue. This reformative pattern
	was no different in the Indian context, where the governments at
	the federal and state levels were in search of new techniques and
	technologies.
	
	
	Information technology has been found to be very useful in reinvigorating
	the government administrative systems by enhancing their capacity
	and efficiency. The potential and scope for application of IT in
	governing processes and transactions are enormous. E-government can
	transform traditional administrative systems through employment of
	information and communication technologies. A governance system that
	is committed to working with civil society, and by extension, private
	industry in a transparent and accountable way to reduce poverty,
	redress imbalances in access to resources, foster security and uphold
	social, economic, cultural, civil and political rights is the ultimate
	objective of e-governance theory. In practice, much depends on the
	collaboration patterns that the governments seek to establish.
	
	
	E-governance practices in India emerged and evolved mainly from native
	intuition, but under prescription for lesser and transparent government
	by international financial institutions, mainly the World Bank and
	the International Monetary Fund. However, the range of success of
	e-governance initiatives has not been uniform. The bottom-up demand
	for delivery of electronic services was bleak initially, but the
	change in public perception was for the better with the governments
	roping in private industry and service-oriented organizations gradually.
	
	
	The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model as is construed normally
	in a world that is fast witnessing globalization of all businesses
	and administrative trends, especially in the realm of e-governance,
	involves features such lesser government investment in electronic
	delivery of public services, collaboration in conceptualizing, designing
	and implementing the e-governance projects besides increased participation
	of stakeholders -- both private and public -- to saturate the levels
	and the reach of such projects. India is no exception to the general
	rule dictating PPP mode in e-governance.
	
	
	The unprecedented success of the PPP modules in e-governance in India
	can be rightly established with two path-breaking e-governance models
	- e-Seva in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Bhoomi in Karnataka.
	These projects not only caused a jump in revenue collections of the
	two state governments, but also timely payment by the citizens. Time
	and costs for availing public services have come down drastically
	bringing in a positive change in peoples' perception of e-governance
	theory and practice. This holds equally true for both the rural and
	urban populace. The result of all these radical changes in public
	administration systems is the enhanced satisfaction level of the
	citizenry on delivery of public services and simplification of governmental
	procedures. The above mentioned e-government projects can serve as
	models for all the developing societies.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328133},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract abstract mal estruturado
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de usuários analfabetos na india.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Parikh2006,
  author = {Parikh, J.S. and Kaushik Ghosh},
  title = {Understanding and designing for intermediated information tasks in
	India},
  journal = {Pervasive Computing, IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {5},
  pages = { 32-39},
  number = {2},
  month = {April-June},
  abstract = {It's important to consider both primary and secondary users when designing
	for intermediated interaction scenarios in India and elsewhere in
	the developing world. However, most of this research has focused
	on supporting users in the developed world who are voluntarily collaborating
	on a computing task. Many users in India, especially those from disadvantaged
	classes, have only partial or no physical access to computing devices.
	We refer to these users as secondary users to distinguish them from
	the primary users that the interface design process traditionally
	considers. Secondary users must interact with information resources
	via a proxy primary user who has the required access rights and skills.
	The proxy's filtering and funneling decisions limit the secondary
	users' information-seeking behavior; the secondary user might also
	have an unequal power relationship with the proxy. Therefore, secondary
	users might never know the full scope of actions and knowledge available
	to them. If we are to realize the egalitarian potential of computing,
	we must consider secondary users in the design process. We must develop
	technologies that recognize the needs and aspirations of all classes
	of users, including those without direct access to the user interface.
	In fact, by designing user interfaces explicitly supporting intermediated
	tasks, both primary and secondary users can benefit.},
  doi = {10.1109/MPRV.2006.41},
  issn = {1536-1268},
  keywords = { groupware, human factors, information resources, socio-economic effects,
	user interfaces India, computing task collaboration, information
	resources, information-seeking behavior, intermediated information
	task design, user interaction, user interface design process},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Parikh2005,
  author = {Parikh, T.S.},
  title = {Using mobile phones for secure, distributed document processing in
	the developing world},
  journal = {Pervasive Computing, IEEE},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {4},
  pages = { 74-81},
  number = {2},
  month = {Jan.-March},
  abstract = {Paper plays an essential role in many information ecologies in the
	developing world, but it can be inefficient and inflexible. We've
	developed an information services architecture that uses a smart
	phone equipped with a built-in digital camera to process augmented
	paper documents. The CAM document-processing framework exploits smart
	mobile phones' utility, usability, and growing ubiquity to link paper
	with modern information tools. CAM, so called because the phone's
	camera plays a key role in the user interface, is a three-tiered,
	document-based architecture for providing remote rural information
	services. The CAM framework comprises four components: CamForms,
	CamShell, CamBrowser, and CamServer.},
  doi = {10.1109/MPRV.2005.43},
  issn = {1536-1268},
  keywords = { cellular radio, document handling, information services, mobile computing,
	user interfaces, video cameras CAM document-processing framework,
	CamBrowser, CamForms, CamServer, CamShell, augmented paper document
	processing, digital camera, distributed document processing, information
	ecology, information services architecture, information tools, smart
	mobile phone, user interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{957209,
  author = {Tapan Parikh and Kaushik Ghosh and Apala Chavan},
  title = {Design studies for a financial management system for micro-credit
	groups in rural india},
  journal = {CUU '03: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {15--22},
  abstract = {In this paper we describe the design process, results and observations
	obtained in designing a user interface for managing community-based
	financial institutions in rural India. The primary users are semi-literate
	village women from local communities. We present detailed observations
	from our field visits and the resulting evolution in our design vision.
	We describe a successful design artifact that is the result of this
	process, and list several important features that contributed to
	its success. We conclude with the current state of our work and our
	plans for the future.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/957205.957209},
  isbn = {1-58113-701-X},
  location = {Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o tratamento de interfaces para usuarios semi analfabetos.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o tratamento de interfaces para usuarios
	semi analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{1133244,
  author = {Tapan S. Parikh},
  title = {Mobile phones may be the right devices for supporting developing
	world accessibility, but is the WWW the right service delivery model?},
  journal = {W4A: Proceedings of the 2006 international cross-disciplinary workshop
	on Web accessibility (W4A)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {143--146},
  abstract = {In this paper we detail the synergies we have observed between the
	features and limitations of mobile phones, and the usability and
	accessibility requirements of rural developing world users. This
	includes support for sequential interaction, multimedia input and
	output, asynchronous messaging and a universally familiar numeric
	keypad. However, we argue that the WWW as currently conceived may
	be an inappropriate model for delivering mobile information services
	in this context. We highlight a number of tensions we have observed
	between the traditional web model, and the design synergies that
	we have uncovered. To demonstrate an alternative framework, we describe
	CAM --- a platform for delivering mobile information services in
	the rural developing world. Supporting scripted execution, media-driven,
	tangible interaction as well as an offline usage model, CAM is uniquely
	adapted both to rural accessibility requirements and the inherent
	capabilities of mobile phones. By learning from the CAM design, we
	can either improve the design of existing mobile web standards and
	services, or implement a more appropriate framework altogether.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1133219.1133244},
  isbn = {1-59593-281-X},
  location = {Edinburgh, U.K.},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS pro poder tratar de analfabetos, visto que trata de interfaces
	para pessoas que trabalham no campo.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1124857,
  author = {Tapan S. Parikh and Paul Javid and Sasikumar K. and Kaushik Ghosh
	and Kentaro Toyama},
  title = {Mobile phones and paper documents: evaluating a new approach for
	capturing microfinance data in rural India},
  journal = {CHI '06: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in
	computing systems},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {551--560},
  abstract = {CAM is a user interface toolkit that allows a camera-equipped mobile
	phone to interact with paper documents. It is designed to automate
	inefficient, paper-intensive information processes in the developing
	world. In this paper we present a usability evaluation of an application
	built using CAM for collecting data from microfinance groups in rural
	India. This application serves an important and immediate need in
	the microfinance industry. Our quantitative results show that the
	user interface is efficient, accurate and can quickly be learned
	by rural users. The results were competitive with an equivalent PC-based
	UI. Qualitatively, the interface was found easy to use by almost
	all users. This shows that, with a properly designed user interface,
	mobile phones can be a preferred platform for many rural computing
	applications. Voice feedback and numeric data entry were particularly
	well-received by users. We are conducting a pilot of this application
	with 400 microfinance groups in India.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1124772.1124857},
  isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
  location = {Montr\'{e}al, Qu\'{e}bec, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por tratar de usuarios rurais, pode mencionar desenvolvimento
	de interfaces para usuarios com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1135897,
  author = {Tapan S. Parikh and Edward D. Lazowska},
  title = {Designing an architecture for delivering mobile information services
	to the rural developing world},
  journal = {WWW '06: Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {791--800},
  abstract = {Implementing successful rural computing applications requires addressing
	a number of significant challenges. Recent advances in mobile phone
	computing capabilities make this device a likely candidate to address
	the client hardware constraints. Long battery life, wireless connectivity,
	solid-state memory, low price and immediate utility all make it better
	suited to rural conditions than a PC. However, current mobile software
	platforms are not as appropriate. Web-based mobile applications are
	hard to use, do not take advantage of the mobile phone's media capabilities
	and require an online connection. Custom mobile applications are
	difficult to develop and distribute. To address these limitations
	we present CAM - a new framework for developing and deploying mobile
	computing applications in the rural developing world. CAM applications
	are accessed by capturing barcodes using the mobile phone camera,
	or entering numeric strings with the keypad. Supporting minimal navigation,
	direct linkage to paper practices and offline multi-media interaction,
	CAM is uniquely adapted to rural device, user and infrastructure
	constraints. To illustrate the breadth of the framework, we list
	a number of CAM-based applications that we have implemented or are
	planning. These include processing microfinance loans, facilitating
	rural supply chains, documenting grassroots innovation and accessing
	electronic medical histories.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1135777.1135897},
  isbn = {1-59593-323-9},
  location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de usuarios com baixo grau de alfabetização
	no contexto de usuarios rurais.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{355329,
  author = {Jason Pascoe and Nick Ryan and David Morse},
  title = {Using while moving: HCI issues in fieldwork environments},
  journal = {ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {417--437},
  number = {3},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/355324.355329},
  issn = {1073-0516},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1249198,
  author = {S. Patel and O. Bataveljic and P. J. Lisboa and C. Hawkins and R.
	Rajan},
  title = {iShakti--Crossing the Digital Divide in Rural India},
  journal = {WI '06: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference
	on Web Intelligence},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1061--1065},
  abstract = {This paper describes iShakti, a real-world, Intelligent, Interactive
	and Adaptive Web application. At present, iShakti is deployed across
	1000 rural kiosks in India, covering 5000 villages and reaching 1
	million people. Further scale up is underway, expected to cover tens
	of thousands of villages within the next 2 years. iShakti is a "virtual
	information and marketing channel', deploying leading-edge technology
	in a developing-world environment. It allows rich interactions with
	people in previously "mediadark' regions, with easy access to high-value
	community development services coupled with engaging and scalable
	market and brand development activities. The impact is already being
	felt -- iShakti is giving some of the most deprived and disempowered
	people more choice and control over their lives, and providing significant
	independent revenue for the iShakti entrepreneurs. Computational
	Intelligence is both in the design as well as the personalisation
	and synchronisation algorithms. The project was nominated as a finalist
	of the Stockholm Challenge (Economic Development category), an international
	award for ICT projects in "underserved' regions of the world [1].},
  address = {Washington, DC, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WI.2006.107},
  isbn = {0-7695-2747-7},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de indivíduos analfabetos no ambiente rural
	da india.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Paweska1998,
  author = {Paweska, R.F.},
  title = {Integrating computing science undergraduate education},
  journal = {Frontiers in Education Conference, 1998. FIE '98. 28th Annual},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1202-1207 vol.3},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {With over 50 years of computer science in existence, a great effort
	has been spent on designing the best curricular for educating computer
	scientists, educating computing professionals, as well as educating
	users of computers. In spite of this, there has not been in evidence
	an approach to creating a flexible university environment, which
	supports a flow between those three basic and different types of
	computing education. This paper presents a model of integrated computing
	education which allows for: obtaining different level of computing
	knowledge and proficiency, fast and flexible upgradability of computing
	skills, adding computing knowledge and skills to knowledge already
	possessed in another discipline. Finally the model recognizes the
	value of Prior Learning Professional Experience (PLPE) as a factor
	in computing education},
  doi = {10.1109/FIE.1998.738613},
  keywords = {computer science educationPrior Learning Professional Experience,
	computer scientists education, computer users education, computing
	education integration, computing knowledge, computing professionals
	education, computing science undergraduate education, computing skills,
	flexible university environment},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Pedelty1973,
  author = {M. J. Pedelty},
  title = {The wired city: Problem boundaries with municipal government, health
	care delivery, education, state services and the informed public},
  journal = {Decision and Control including the 12th Symposium on Adaptive Processes,
	1973 IEEE Conference on},
  year = {1973},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {507-509},
  month = {Dec. },
  abstract = {This paper considers some of the sociological problems and benefits
	which must be anticipated by any community which is planning a major
	TV cable system with a large, on-line computer system at the cable
	head, providing a large-scale data retrieval and store-and-forward
	system. We will confine the discussion to the impact of (and on)
	the provision of data services. The University of Illinois experiment
	has already shown the basic technical feasibility of such a system
	for 4000 active users.1},
  doi = {10.1109/CDC.1973.269215},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{303864,
  author = {Jon M. Peha},
  title = {Lessons from Haiti's Internet development},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {42},
  pages = {67--72},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/303849.303864},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{333144,
  author = {Marianne G. Petersen},
  title = {Towards usability evaluation of multimedia applications},
  journal = {Crossroads},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {3--7},
  number = {4},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/333140.333144},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1163537,
  author = {Karl Magnus Petersson and Alexandra Reis and Simon Askel\"{o}f and
	Alexandre Castro-caldas and Martin Ingvar},
  title = {Language Processing Modulated by Literacy: A Network Analysis of
	Verbal Repetition in Literate and Illiterate Subjects},
  journal = {J. Cognitive Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {364--382},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Previous behavioral and functional neuroimaging data indicate that
	certain aspects of phonological processing may not be acquired spontaneously,
	but are modulated by learning an alphabetic written language, that
	is, learning to read and write. It appears that learning an alphabetic
	written language modifies the auditory-verbal (spoken) language processing
	competence in a nontrivial way. We have previously suggested, based
	on behavioral and functional neuroimaging data, that auditory-verbal
	and written language interact not only during certain language tasks,
	but that learning and developing alphabetic written language capacities
	significantly modulates the spoken language system. Specifically,
	the acquisition of alphabetic orthographic knowledge has a modulatory
	influence on sublexical phonological processing and the awareness
	of sublexical phonological structure. We have suggested that developing
	an orthographic representation system for an alphabetic written language,
	and integrating a phoneme-grapheme correspondence with an existing
	infrastructure for auditory-verbal language processing, will result
	in a modified language network. Specifically, we suggest that the
	parallel interactive processing characteristics of the underlying
	language-processing brain network differ in literate and illiterate
	subjects. Therefore, the pattern of interactions between the regions
	of a suitably defined large-scale functional-anatomical network for
	language processing will differ between literate and illiterate subjects
	during certain language tasks. In order to investigate this hypothesis
	further, we analyzed the observed covariance structure in a PET data
	set from a simple auditory-verbal repetition paradigm in literate
	and illiterate subjects, with a network approach based on structural
	equation modeling (SEM). Based on a simple network model for language
	processing, the results of the present network analysis indicate
	that the network interactions during word and pseudoword repetition
	in the illiterate group differ, while there were no significant differences
	in the literate group. The differences between the two tasks in the
	illiterate group may reflect differences in attentional modulation
	of the language network, executive aspects of verbal working memory
	and the articulatory organization of verbal output. There were no
	significant differences between the literate and illiterate group
	during word repetition. In contrast, the network interactions differed
	between the literate and illiterate group during pseudoword repetition.
	In addition to differences similar to those observed in the illiterate
	group between word and pseudoword repetition, there were differences
	related to the interactions of the phonological loop between the
	groups. In particular, these differences related to the interaction
	between Broca's area and the inferior parietal cortex as well as
	the posterior-midinsula bridge between Wernicke's and Broca's area.
	In conclusion, the results of this network analysis are consistent
	with our previously presented results and support the hypothesis
	that learning to read and write during childhood influences the functional
	architecture of the adult human brain. In particular, the basic auditory-verbal
	language network in the human brain is modified as a consequence
	of acquiring orthographic language skills.},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892900562147},
  issn = {0898-929X},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 por naum focar o desenvolvimento de interfaces computacionais,
	apenas relacao com a neuro ciencia}
}

@ARTICLE{1230018,
  author = {Nicholas Petreley},
  title = {/var/opinion: Long live the freedom of Linux},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {2007},
  pages = {18},
  number = {154},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{593875,
  author = {Tony Di Petta and Vera E. Woloshyn},
  title = {Voice Recognition for On-line Literacy: Continuous Voice Recognition
	Technology in Adult Literacy Training},
  journal = {Education and Information Technologies},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {225--240},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {This study explored whether over-the-counter continuous voice recognition
	software could be used to support the delivery of a standardized
	reading curriculum to adults with low-level literacy skills. Three
	primary questions were addressed in the study. First, how readily
	could mass-market continuous voice recognition software programs
	be adapted for use in adult literacy training? Second, what role(s)
	might the voice recognition technology play in facilitating the computer-based
	delivery of a standard text-based reading curriculum? And third,
	does the use of the voice recognition software positively affect
	the technological skills and computing comfort levels of adults with
	low-level literacy skills?
	
	
	Five adults with low-level literacy skills completed the computer-based
	curriculum, using the voice recognition software to practice and
	check their reading and writing efforts. A literacy tutor guided
	the participants through the curriculum, recorded and saved the participants'
	responses and videotaped the sessions for subsequent analysis.
	
	
	The findings reported here suggest that currently available over-the-counter
	continuous voice recognition technology, while essentially effective
	and accurate with fluent readers, is not yet ready, as a stand-alone
	system, to meet the needs of these adults with low-level literacy
	skills. The voice recognition software was most effective when it
	was used in the presence of a tutor. Having tutors provide on-going
	and immediate support to learners was a vital component of literacy
	training in this computer-based environment. In general the computer-based
	programs seemed to provide participants with a `motivational boost'.
	Specifically, the computer-based lessons helped develop participants'
	technological skills and confidence levels and promoted sustained
	focus on instructional tasks. Implications associated with these
	findings for future research with voice recognition software and
	adult literacy training are discussed.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012972601388},
  issn = {1360-2357},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de utilização de interfaces por usuários com baixo
	grau de alfabetização.
	
	DDDS por tratar do contexto de aprendizagem e treinamento, no entanto
	com menos enfoque.
	
	
	AAA2 Por tratar de utilização de interfaces por usuários com baixo
	grau de alfabetização, mesmo tratando do contexto de aprendizagem,
	pelo fato de tratar de adultos.
	
	AAA2S}
}

@ARTICLE{593875,
  author = {Tony Di Petta and Vera E. Woloshyn},
  title = {Voice Recognition for On-line Literacy: Continuous Voice Recognition
	Technology in Adult Literacy Training},
  journal = {Education and Information Technologies},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {225--240},
  number = {4},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012972601388},
  issn = {1360-2357},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1345092,
  author = {Madeline Plauch\'{e} and Udhyakumar Nallasamy},
  title = {Speech interfaces for equitable access to information technology},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {69--86},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Speech recognition has often been suggested as a key to universal
	information access, as the speech modality is a “natural” way to
	interact, does not require literacy, and relies on existing telephony
	infrastructure. However, success stories of speech interfaces in
	developing regions are few and far between. The challenges of literacy,
	dialectal variation, and the prohibitive expense of creating the
	necessary linguistic resources are intractable using traditional
	techniques. We present our findings evaluating a low-cost, scalable
	speech-driven application designed and deployed in a community center
	in rural Tamil Nadu, India, to disseminate agricultural information
	to village farmers.},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/itid.2007.4.1.69},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de uma interface de voz para usuarios com baixo grau
	de alfabetização (speach as the universal interface)
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de uma interface de voz para usuarios com
	baixo grau de alfabetização (speach as the universal interface)}
}

@ARTICLE{1125746,
  author = {Madelaine Plauch\'{e} and Madhu Prabaker},
  title = {Tamil market: a spoken dialog system for rural India},
  journal = {CHI '06: CHI '06 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1619--1624},
  abstract = {In this paper, we describe the design process, results, and observations
	from a pilot user study for Tamil Market, a speech-driven agricultural
	query system, conducted in community centers in rural India. The
	primary users were rural villagers of varying degrees of literacy
	from three districts of Tamil Nadu. Preliminary findings from a Wizard-of-Oz
	field study show that rural villagers are able to navigate through
	a dialog system using their voice, regardless of literacy level and
	previous experience with technology. Traditional user study techniques,
	however, favor literate users and are ill-suited to research in developing
	regions.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1125451.1125746},
  isbn = {1-59593-298-4},
  location = {Montr\'{e}al, Qu\'{e}bec, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de desenvolvimento de interfaces de voz para usuarios
	com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de desenvolvimento de interfaces de voz para
	usuarios com baixo grau de alfabetização.}
}

@ARTICLE{Plauche2006,
  author = {Madelaine Plauche and Udhyakumar Nallasamy and Joyojeet Pal and Chuck
	Wooters and Divya Ramachandran},
  title = {Speech Recognition for Illiterate Access to Information and Technology},
  journal = {Information and Communication Technologies and Development, 2006.
	ICTD '06. International Conference on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {83-92},
  month = {May },
  abstract = {In rural Tamil Nadu and other predominantly illiterate communities
	throughout the world, computers and technology are currently inaccessible
	without the help of a literate mediator. Speech recognition has often
	been suggested as a key to universal access, but success stories
	of speech-driven interfaces for illiterate end users are few and
	far between. The challenges of dialectal variation, multilingualism,
	cultural barriers, choice of appropriate content, and, most importantly,
	the prohibitive expense of creating the necessary linguistic resources
	for effective speech recognition are intractable using traditional
	techniques. This paper presents an inexpensive approach for gathering
	the linguistic resources needed to power a simple spoken dialog system.
	In our approach, data collection is integrated into dialog design:
	Users of a given village are recorded during interactions, and their
	speech semi-automatically integrated into the acoustic models for
	that village, thus generating the linguistic resources needed for
	automatic recognition of their speech. Our design is multi-modal,
	scalable, and modifiable. It is the result of an international, cross-disciplinary
	collaboration between researchers and NGO workers who serve the rural
	poor in Tamil Nadu. Our groundwork includes user studies, stakeholder
	interviews and field recordings of literate and illiterate agricultural
	workers in three districts of Tamil Nadu over the summer and fall
	of 2005. Automatic speech recognition experiments simulating the
	spoken dialog systems' performance during initialization and gradual
	integration of acoustic data informed the holistic structure of the
	design. Our research addresses the unique social and economic challenges
	of the developing world by relying on modifiable and highly transparent
	software and hardware, by building on locally available resources,
	and by emphasizing community operation and ownership through training
	and education},
  doi = {10.1109/ICTD.2006.301842},
  keywords = {interactive systems, linguistics, natural language processing, speech
	recognition, speech-based user interfacesTamil Nadu, automatic speech
	recognition, developing region IT, human factors, illiteracy, information
	technology, linguistic resources, speech-driven interfaces, spoken
	dialog system},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar o uso de interfaces para pessoas analfabetas.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o uso de interfaces para pessoas analfabetas.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Pliskin1991,
  author = {Pliskin, N. and Balaila, I. and Kenigshtein, I.},
  title = {The knowledge contribution of engineers to software development:
	a case study},
  journal = {Engineering Management, IEEE Transactions on},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {344-348},
  number = {4},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {The focus of the authors is on the domain knowledge advantage of end
	user prototyping (EUP). The authors present the case history of an
	industrial engineer in an aluminum manufacturing company who becomes
	a sophisticated user of microcomputers and successfully prototypes
	an expert decision support system. Previous work in the field is
	extended and enhanced, and how EUP builds upon the domain knowledge
	possessed by end users, and thereby overcomes the domain knowledge
	deficiency of software engineers, is demonstrated. When compared
	to rapid prototyping by software engineers, prototyping by end users
	enables more effective utilization of domain knowledge},
  doi = {10.1109/17.97441},
  issn = {0018-9391},
  keywords = {decision support systems, engineering computing, expert systems, software
	prototypingdomain knowledge, end user prototyping, expert decision
	support system, industrial engineer, microcomputer user, software
	development, software engineers},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1385588,
  author = {Archana Prasad and Indrani Medhi and Kentaro Toyama and Ravin Balakrishnan},
  title = {Exploring the feasibility of video mail for illiterate users},
  journal = {AVI '08: Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual
	interfaces},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {103--110},
  abstract = {We present work that explores whether the asynchronous peer-to-peer
	communication capabilities of email can be made accessible to illiterate
	populations in the developing world. Building on metaphors from traditional
	communication systems such as postal mail, and relevant design principles
	established by previous research into text-free interfaces, we designed
	and evaluated a prototype asynchronous communication application
	built on standard email protocols. We considered different message
	formats -- text, freeform ink, audio, and video + audio -- and via
	iterative usage and design sessions, determined that video + audio
	was the most viable. Design alternatives for authentication processes
	were also explored. Our prototype was refined over three usability
	iterations, and the final version evaluated in a two-stage study
	with 20 illiterate users from an urban slum in Bangalore, India.
	Our results are mixed: On the one hand, the results show that users
	can understand the concept of video mail. They were able to successfully
	complete tasks ranging from account setup to login to viewing and
	creating mail, but required assistance from an online audio assistant.
	On the other hand, there were some surprising challenges such as
	a consistent difficulty understanding the notion of asynchronicity.
	The latter suggests that more work on the paradigm is required before
	the benefits of email can be brought to illiterate users.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1385569.1385588},
  isbn = {0-978-60558-141-5},
  location = {Napoli, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por desenvolver interfaces para usuarios analfabetos
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por desenvolver interfaces para usuarios analfabetos}
}

@ARTICLE{129382,
  author = {CORPORATE Ziff-Davis Press},
  title = {PC Learning Labs teaches WordPerfect 5.1: logical operations},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1992},
  address = {Hightstown, NJ, USA},
  isbn = {1-56276-032-7},
  publisher = {Ziff-Davis Publishing Co.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{637863,
  author = {Laurette Pretorius and Sonja E. Bosch},
  title = {Enabling computer interaction in the indigenous languages of South
	Africa: the central role of computational morphology},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {56--63},
  number = {2},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/637848.637863},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1222780,
  author = {Xiaoping Qiu and Ning Tao and Yun Tan and Xinxing Wu},
  title = {Constructing of the risk classification model of cervical cancer
	by artificial neural network},
  journal = {Expert Syst. Appl.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {1094--1099},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {It is significant to build up the risk classification model of cervical
	cancer for the evaluation of high-risk population. Data were divided
	into two sub-data, one is model building sub-data, the other is model
	testing sub-data. By using of artificial neural network (ANN) analysis
	method (Back Propagation, BP), the risk classification model had
	been setup. The parameters were listed as following: the data had
	been treated as normalization, and the level of network was 3, and
	the number of neural in hidden level was 5, and the transmitting
	function between input level and hidden level was logsig, and the
	transmitting function between hidden level and output level was purelin,
	and the studying method was Levenberg-Marquardt optimizing, and the
	error parameter eg=0.09, maximum epochs me=8000. The model quality
	was good (sensitivity=98%, specificity=97%), and the back calculation
	fitting result was excellent. The predictive value of 10 unknown
	data was also good, during which the correct rate of control group
	was 100%, and that of case group was 80%. Because ANN is with the
	character of self-organizing, self-learning and self-adapting, the
	ANN risk classification model is fit for the screening of high-risk
	population of local cervical cancer, risk evaluation of cervical
	cancer and the effect evaluation of the prevention method after training
	the model by new data of some area.},
  address = {Tarrytown, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2006.02.020},
  issn = {0957-4174},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Rahman2008,
  author = {Rahman, Mohammad Osiur and Mousumi, Fouzia Asharf and Scavino, Edgar
	and Hussain, Aini and Basri, Hassan},
  title = {Real time road sign recognition system using artificial neural networks
	for bengali textual information box},
  journal = {Information Technology, 2008. ITSim 2008. International Symposium
	on},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {1-8},
  month = {Aug.},
  abstract = {An Automated Road Sign Recognition system using Artificial Neural
	Network for the Textual Information box inscribing in Bengali is
	presented in this paper. The system captures real time images every
	two seconds and saves them as JPG format files. The system processes
	the images to find out whether they contain images of road signs
	or not. The textual information of the road signs is detected and
	extracted from the images. The Bengali OCR system takes the textual
	information as an input to recognize individual Bengali characters.
	The Bengali OCR is implemented using Multi layer Perceptron. The
	output of the Bengali OCR system is compared with the previously
	enrolled standard Bengali textual road signs. The throughput which
	comes from the matching process is used as input for the speech synthesizer
	and finally the system delivers the audio stream to the driver, either
	in Bengali or in English based on the user settings. After testing
	this system, the obtained accuracy rate was evaluated at 91.48%.},
  doi = {10.1109/ITSIM.2008.4631688},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1360360,
  author = {Y. S. Rajan},
  title = {Towards a knowledge society in India\&\#58; issues for management},
  journal = {Int. J. Inf. Technol. Manage.},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {251--267},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {The paper points out that in the evolutionary process of human society,
	different groups of people have been left at different levels. Therefore,
	within countries, it is necessary to identify these different levels
	and tailor modern knowledge/skill bases to enable their smooth transition,
	instead of attempting a uniform solution. The paper discusses the
	four broad levels of knowledge bases in India and how they are placed
	in the Indian economy. The paper then describes how the different
	levels can be lifted to better levels of productivity and wealth
	creation by illustrating the types of requirements of technologies/knowledge/skills.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJITM.2003.003341},
  issn = {1461-4111},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1277421,
  author = {K. A. Raju},
  title = {Towards access to information in rural India},
  journal = {Inf. Serv. Use},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {31--37},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Rural areas in India are characterized by limited land availability,
	low literacy, inadequate health, sanitary and drinking water facilities.
	In spite of over five decades of independence, the rural scenario
	has not changed much and 75% of rural people are either manual laborers,
	or artisans. In view of a variety of structural disadvantages, i.e.,
	illiteracy, malnutrition, and the social complications of caste in
	Indian society, there is a need to redesign the traditional public
	library and its services to deal with the information needs of rural
	areas.
	
	
	In this connection, the National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD)
	conducted a variety of studies and has come up with an action research
	project aimed at establishing Public Information Centers (PIC's).
	The objective of these centers will be to provide information on
	rural development programmes, agricultural extension, and utilities
	as well as social development information, e.g., health, education,
	finance, legal. This paper discusses the issues involved as well
	as the location of PIC's, databases, training, service and the sustenance
	of PIC's.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  issn = {0167-5265},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de estudos relacionados a sistemas a indivíduos com
	baixo grau de alfabetização.
	
	
	AAA2 por tratar de estudos relacionados a sistemas a indivíduos com
	baixo grau de alfabetização.}
}

@ARTICLE{1240790,
  author = {Divya Ramachandran and Matthew Kam and Jane Chiu and John Canny and
	James F. Frankel},
  title = {Social dynamics of early stage co-design in developing regions},
  journal = {CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in
	computing systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1087--1096},
  abstract = {Technology arguably has the potential to play a key role in improving
	the lives of people in developing regions. However, these communities
	are not well understood and designers must thoroughly investigate
	possibilities for technological innovations in these contexts. We
	describe findings from two field studies in India and one in Uganda
	where we explore technological solutions in the domains of communication,
	microfinance and education. Two common underlying themes emerge from
	these studies: (1) local stakeholders can contribute cultural information
	relevant to design such as needs and practices through interaction
	with technology artifacts and (2) unique social network structures
	embedded within communities are crucial to the acceptance and potential
	adoption of technology. We end with a synthesis of the three experiences
	that draws some practical lessons for ICT designers to elicit meaningful
	feedback and participation from local stakeholders in developing
	regions communities.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240624.1240790},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-593-9},
  location = {San Jose, California, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora possa tratar do tema, sem que esse seja o foco do trabalho.
	
	
	SSS2}
}

@ARTICLE{Ramamritham2008,
  author = {Ramamritham, K. and Sahni, S. and Baru, M. and Bahuman, C. and Chandran,
	A. and Joshi, M. and Bahuman, A.},
  title = {The aAQUA Approach: Innovative Web 2.0 Tools for Developing Countries},
  journal = {Internet Computing, IEEE},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {62-70},
  number = {2},
  month = {March-April },
  abstract = {As in many regions of the world, people in rural India often lack
	access to knowledge that's more readily available to people in urban
	areas. Although rural telecenters are becoming more common, developing
	content that's presented in local languages, relevant to users, and
	delivered in an immediately usable form is a challenge here and in
	rural areas across the globe. To address this, an agricultural portal
	for rural farmers in India uses innovative database systems and information
	retrieval techniques. In so doing, it both improves service and addresses
	connection costs and constraints.},
  doi = {10.1109/MIC.2008.45},
  issn = {1089-7801},
  keywords = {Internet, agriculture, information retrieval, portals, technology
	transferWeb 2.0 tools, agricultural portal, database systems, developing
	countries, information retrieval techniques, rural India, rural farmers},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Ramirez2004,
  author = {Ramirez, A. and Davis, M.},
  title = {Active capture and folk computing [multimedia computing]},
  journal = {Multimedia and Expo, 2004. ICME '04. 2004 IEEE International Conference
	on},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {991-994 Vol.2},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {The domains of folk computing applications touch on areas of interest
	to people around the world but are of pressing need to those in the
	developing world who often lack access to basic services and rights:
	especially health care, education, nutrition, and protection of human
	rights. In this paper, we describe how a new paradigm for media capture,
	called active capture, and toolkit support for creating applications
	of this type, work toward supporting the development of multimedia
	applications and interfaces for folk computing},
  doi = {10.1109/ICME.2004.1394369},
  keywords = {authoring systems, multimedia computing, software tools, user interface
	management systemsACAL, ICT, active capture automation language,
	developing world computing applications, folk computing interfaces,
	information/communication technology, media capture, mediation techniques,
	multimedia application toolkit support, multimedia computing},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1245653,
  author = {Madanmohan Rao},
  title = {Book review: Bridging the Digital Divide: Gyandoot---The Model for
	Community Networks by . By Rajesh Rajora. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.
	2002. Pp. 319. US$15.95 (paper).},
  journal = {Inf. Technol. Int. Dev.},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {91--93},
  number = {1},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/itid.2003.1.1.91},
  issn = {1544-7529},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1347654,
  author = {Siriginidi Subba Rao},
  title = {Internet telephony in India},
  journal = {Telemat. Inf.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {57--71},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {Internet telephony is a novel and cheaper method of communication
	and conducting business over the Internet. The paper presents an
	overview of Internet telephony, its methods, viz. PC-to-PC, PC-to-telephone,
	telephone-to-telephone and telephone-to-PC; benefits in cost advantage,
	simplification, consolidation, higher efficiency and reliability,
	etc., quality issues, protocols and drivers; challenges and regulatory
	framework; and status of Internet telephony in Asia Pacific region.
	Further, highlights its potentiality for India, implications of guidelines
	of Internet telephony, issues of concern, etc. Concludes that Internet
	telephony cannot make compromises in voice quality, reliability,
	scalability and manageability, and work seamlessly with telephone
	systems all over the world. Internet telephony will prove to be a
	boon for a price-sensitive market like India and rural telephony
	will receive an impetus. The Government of India may further deregulate
	the market and allow phone-to-phone telephony through the Internet
	and open long distance calling within the country for ISPs to realize
	''telecom for the common man'' or ''telecom for all'' a reality.},
  address = {Tarrytown, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2006.04.003},
  issn = {0736-5853},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1017010,
  author = {Jef Raskin},
  title = {Opinion: For Want of a Comma, the Meaning Was Lost},
  journal = {Queue},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {14--16},
  number = {5},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1016998.1017010},
  issn = {1542-7730},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1247586,
  author = {P. Krishna Reddy and G. V. Ramaraju and G. S. Reddy},
  title = {eSagu\&\#8482;: a data warehouse enabled personalized agricultural
	advisory system},
  journal = {SIGMOD '07: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMOD international conference
	on Management of data},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {910--914},
  abstract = {In this paper, we explain a personalized agricultural advisory system
	called eSagu, which has been developed to improve the performance
	and utilization of agriculture technology and help Indian farmers.
	In eSagu, rather than visiting the crop in person, the agricultural
	expert delivers the expert advice at regular intervals (once in one
	or two weeks) to each farm by getting the crop status in the form
	of digital photographs and other information. During 2004-06, through
	eSagu, agricultural expert advices delivered for about 6000 farms
	covering six crops. The results show that the expert advices helped
	the farmers to achieve savings in capital investment and improved
	the crop yield. Mainly, the data warehouse of farm histories has
	been developed which is providing the crop related information to
	the agricultural expert in an integrated manner for generating a
	quality agricultural expert advice. In this paper, after explaining
	eSagu and its advantages, we discuss how data warehouse of farm histories
	is enabling agricultural expert to deliver a quality expert advice.
	We also discuss some research issues to improve the performance of
	eSagu.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1247480.1247586},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-686-8},
  location = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Rimvall1989,
  author = {Rimvall, M. and Sutherland, H. and Taylor, J.H. and Lohr, P.J.},
  title = {GE's MEAD user interface-a flexible menu- and forms-driven interface
	for engineering applications},
  journal = {Computer-Aided Control System Design, 1989., IEEE Control Systems
	Society Workshop on},
  year = {1989},
  pages = {24-34},
  month = {Dec},
  abstract = {The user interface (UI) of the MEAD computer-aided control engineering
	(CACE) program is presented. After a brief presentation of the MEAD
	computer program, the unifying philosophy behind the MEAD UI is discussed.
	Main features of this UI include a point-and-click-style interaction,
	a unifying grouping of similar functionality, and a graphical interface
	to its CACE database management system. A typical modeling, analysis,
	and design scenario is given to illustrate the interface. The use
	of a user interface management system (UIMS) in the design and implementation
	of the MEAD UI is discussed. The MEAD user interface is implemented
	using an experimental UIMS developed at GE which supports both a
	Tektronix terminal and X-window-based window systems. Some implementational
	features of the MEAD user interface are that it is implemented using
	an object-oriented database system; that it uses a state tree to
	specify the dialog control; and that it is created entirely by means
	of a graphical editor, thereby avoiding conventional programming.
	The architecture of the UIMS is described and the implications of
	creating a user interface with this UIMS are discussed},
  doi = {10.1109/CACSD.1989.69827},
  keywords = {control engineering computing, user interfacesGE MEAD, Tektronix terminal,
	X-window-based window systems, computer-aided control engineering,
	control system CAD, control system analysis computing, database management
	system, dialog control, engineering applications, forms-driven interface,
	graphical editor, menu, multidisciplinary expert-aided system, object-oriented
	database system, point-and-click-style interaction, state tree, unifying
	grouping, user interface},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1008793,
  author = {Fernando Rosell-Aguilar},
  title = {WELL done and well liked: online information literacy skills and
	learner impressions of the web as a resource for foreign language
	learning},
  journal = {ReCALL},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {210--224},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095834400400151X},
  issn = {0958-3440},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado por outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1008793,
  author = {Fernando Rosell-Aguilar},
  title = {WELL done and well liked: online information literacy skills and
	learner impressions of the web as a resource for foreign language
	learning},
  journal = {ReCALL},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {210--224},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {One of the most common uses of the World Wide Web for foreign language
	learning is as a resource for students to find information when researching
	essay topics. When language instructors ask students to perform searches
	for information about a given issue it is assumed that students know
	how to perform those searches and appreciate the usefulness of the
	Web. However, we do not really know much about the relationship between
	learners and the Web: what processes are involved, how the students
	go about the search process and what their perceptions of the Web
	are. It is therefore essential that these assumptions are examined
	and researched. To find out more about these questions, a study was
	initiated with the aim of obtaining information on how foreign language
	higher education students interact with the Web in general and in
	the context of a search for content/reading tasks in particular.
	The goal was to produce a descriptive snapshot of student impressions
	and abilities at one given moment. For this purpose 198 students
	of Spanish at the University of Southampton were asked how they use
	the Web, what for, how they go about finding the information they
	need, what they perceive to be the advantages and disadvantages of
	using the Web as a research tool for language learning, to compare
	it to other resources and what their perceptions of it are. To measure
	their degree of online information literacy, a scale was created.
	In this paper the details of the project will be presented, and the
	findings of the study discussed.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095834400400151X},
  issn = {0958-3440},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora trate do termo de alfabetismo da web (online search literacy)
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{792726,
  author = {Andrew Rosenbloom},
  title = {Introduction},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {28--31},
  number = {7},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/792704.792726},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {Playful yet powerful 3D computer graphics and natural interaction
	make possible a new generation of non-entertainment applications.
	
	DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	
	
	DDDD}
}

@ARTICLE{1358945,
  author = {Edaena Itzel Bautista Ru\'{\i}z and Laura Elena Hern\'{a}ndez Dom\'{\i}nguez
	and Cynthia F\'{a}tima Juli\'{a}n Loaeza and Jos\'{e} Antonio Velasco
	P\'{e}rez},
  title = {\, {N}uu Xaa: a system to support homeless people's self-subsistence},
  journal = {CHI '08: CHI '08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {3867--3872},
  abstract = {In this paper we present Ñuu Xaa, a tin collecting bank to support
	homeless people's self-subsistence in the city of Huajuapan de León.
	The main goal of this system is to improve homeless people's quality
	of life by providing them with the opportunity to have remunerative
	self-employment. We think that the implementation of Ñuu Xaa will
	bring homeless people social, economical and psychological benefits
	because they will be able to earn enough money in order to satisfy
	their elementary needs and the community will understand that homeless
	people aren't lazy but just people in need.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1358628.1358945},
  isbn = {978-1-60558-012-X},
  location = {Florence, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{593738,
  author = {Glenn Russell and Graham Bradley},
  title = {Teachers` computer anxiety: implications for professionaldevelopment},
  journal = {Education and Information Technologies},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {17--30},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Changes in society‘s expectations mean that school teachers need to
	be able to use computers in education with minimal anxiety. Some
	350 primary and secondary school teachers completed a questionnaire
	that identified sources of computer anxiety and provided teachers
	with the opportunity to suggest solutions. The teachers were very
	supportive of the use of computers in education, but reported moderately
	low levels of computer competence. A number of suggestions for the
	reduction of computer anxiety are made, based on teachers‘ first-hand
	accounts, and an analysis of trends in the quantitative data. The
	implications of these suggestions for teachers‘ professional development
	are explored},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018680322904},
  issn = {1360-2357},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {S Clarke, S Delamere, L McCullough, S Hopkins, C Bergin, F Mulcahy},
  title = {Assessing limiting factors to the acceptance of antiretroviral therapy
	in a large cohort of injecting drug users},
  journal = {HIV Medicine},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {Volume 4, Issue 1},
  pages = {33-37},
  abstract = {Objective
	
	
	A comprehensive questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge
	and understanding of injecting drug users (IDUs) regarding their
	HIV disease, and to determine any factors that may increase the acceptance
	of antiretroviral therapy (ART) by this group.
	
	
	Results
	
	
	Twenty percent of the total IDU cohort attending the GUIDE (GenitoUrinary
	Medicine and Infectious Diseases) clinic participated in the study.
	Fifty-two percent had been homeless in the past 5 years and 84% are
	unemployed. Seventy-two percent of patients did not complete second
	level education and 10% were illiterate. Fifty-one percent had siblings
	or parents with a history of injection drug misuse, and 25% had at
	least one sibling also HIV positive. Forty-seven percent started
	using drugs before the age of 13 years, and the most common initial
	drug was heroin (44%). Ninety-five percent had attended for methadone
	maintenance therapy (MMT), with 39% currently attending for daily
	therapy. The majority of patients were unable to simply explain or
	interpret CD4 cell counts (54%) and 'viral loads' (65%). Fifty-seven
	percent of patients were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy
	(HAART). There was a statistically significant association between
	patients receiving HAART and both attendance at a primary care physician
	for methadone maintenance therapy (P = 0.005), and weekly take-outs
	of methadone (P = 0.005). There was also an association between adherence
	to HAART and attendance at a methadone maintenance clinic (P = 0.04).
	
	
	Conclusions
	
	
	This study highlights the chaotic lifestyle and complex social background
	of the IDU. Such factors were not, however, associated with acceptance
	of HAART. The primary factor associated with both the acceptance
	of and adherence to HAART was regular and stable attendance for methadone
	therapy.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 por naum focar estudos de desenvolvimento de interfaces computacionais,
	focar em analises medicas.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {S. Al-Shammari, T. Khoja, F. El-Khwasky, A. Gad},
  title = {Intestinal parasitic diseases in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: prevalence,
	sociodemographic and environmental associates},
  journal = {Tropical Medicine \& International Health},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {Volume 6, Issue 3},
  pages = {184-189},
  abstract = {SummaryOur objectives were to assess the prevalence of intestinal
	parasitic infections in Riyadh and to determine associated sociodemographic
	and environmental factors. The study was conducted through a household
	survey. Three health centres were chosen from each of the five Riyadh
	urban regions and 15 from rural areas. Based on the average family
	size, a random sample of households were chosen. All household members
	were asked to participate in the study. Data were collected using
	a pre-designed questionnaire eliciting data on sociodemographic and
	environmental factors. A stool specimen of each individual was examined
	microscopically for the presence of trophozoites and cysts. Six thousand
	and twelve participants with a mean age of 23.3 ± 17.4 (median 19
	years, 48.6% males) were studied and 32.2% were infected. The infection
	rate was high in urban areas (33.3%), among children <12 years (34.4%),
	non-Saudis (42.2%), single persons (34.9%), illiterate individuals
	(33.8%), those who obtained drinking water from tankers (36.1%) and
	those who disposed of sewage in open channels (47.1%). Stratified
	analysis showed that for Saudis <12 years parasitic infections were
	significantly higher among tanker users (39.5%) and septic tank users
	(36.8%). For Saudis≥12 years low education, water storage and open
	sewage disposal were statistically associated with parasitic infections
	(P < 0.05). Among expatriates, infections were high among males (47.6%),
	urban residents (48.3%), single persons (46.9%), tanker users (39.5%)
	and septic tank users (78.6%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis
	showed that age <12 years, non-Saudi nationalities, educational level
	below secondary school, tanker as source of water and open sewage
	disposal were independently associated with high intestinal parasitic
	infection.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 por focar em areas medicas, naum no desenvolvimento de interfaces
	computacionais},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{628071,
  author = {Giovanni M. Sacco},
  title = {Dynamic Taxonomies: A Model for Large Information Bases},
  journal = {IEEE Trans. on Knowl. and Data Eng.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {468--479},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Abstract¿A new taxonomic model for structuring and accessing large
	heterogeneous information bases is presented. The model is designed
	to simplify both classification and access by computer-illiterate
	people. It defines simple and intuitive operations to access large
	information bases at the conceptual level and at different levels
	of abstraction, in a totally assisted way, through a simple, yet
	effective visual interface. The model can also be used to summarize
	result sets computed by other query methods, such as information
	retrieval, shape retrieval, etc., and to provide user maps for complex
	hypermedia networks. The experience gained by applying this model
	to commercial applications is reported.},
  address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/69.846296},
  issn = {1041-4347},
  publisher = {IEEE Educational Activities Department},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar a construcao de sistemas para usuarios
	analfabetos.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar a construcao de sistemas para usuarios
	analfabetos.}
}

@ARTICLE{130269,
  author = {Neil Salkind},
  title = {WordPerfect 5.0/5.1: a self-teaching guide},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1991},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  isbn = {0-471-52961-3},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{803740,
  author = {Rita Seplowitz Saltz},
  title = {The non-technical person as technical writer/editor and documentation
	for the computer illiterate},
  journal = {SIGUCCS '75: Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGUCCS conference
	on User services},
  year = {1975},
  pages = {88--89},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800115.803740},
  location = {Cherry Hill, New Jersey, United States},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 rejeitado por naum apresentar abstract na pagina de busca e ja
	ter sido mapeado por outro sistema.}
}

@ARTICLE{803740,
  author = {Rita Seplowitz Saltz},
  title = {The non-technical person as technical writer/editor and documentation
	for the computer illiterate},
  journal = {SIGUCCS '75: Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGUCCS conference
	on User services},
  year = {1975},
  pages = {88--89},
  abstract = {University computer center personnel know there is no dearth of documentation
	designed for the expert. Control Data, UNIVAC, DEC—;even IBM— paper
	and fiche all possible areas. IBM's latest Marketing Publications
	KWIC Index alone contains 60 pages (double columns, reduced print)
	of titles...an ample supply of words, even for rabid manualpeople.
	No, the documentation problem which faces User Services groups in
	academic installations is how best to provide information to the
	non-expert: the new, naive user; the pseudo-sophisticate who comes
	on strong with highly-specialized terms like “keypunch” and “listing”,
	the Director of User Services—in other words, the various types of
	true computer illiterate This paper respectfully suggests that it
	is possible to employ a person with no technical training as a technical
	writer/editor within a university computer center environment, and
	that such an individual can prove amazingly effective in helping
	User Services to attack this sometimes menial, always demanding task.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800115.803740},
  location = {Cherry Hill, New Jersey, United States},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar o uso de comptuadores por pessoas analfabetas computacionalmente
	
	DDDS por naum apresentar informacoes a respeito de pessoas analfabetas
	da lingua
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1394542,
  author = {Eunice Sari and Adi Tedjasaputra},
  title = {Exploring potentials and challenges of mobile ICT for learning in
	Finland and Indonesia},
  journal = {Int. J. Mob. Learn. Organ.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {103--118},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {In this paper, we introduce our research in the use of Mobile ICT
	in Finnish and Indonesian education systems for the past three years.
	Based on the research results, the paper discusses the potentials
	and challenges in the use of Mobile ICT for learning in Finland and
	Indonesia. Concluding the paper, several m-learning scenarios will
	illustrate the viable m-learning applications in both developed and
	developing countries.},
  address = {Inderscience Publishers, Geneva, SWITZERLAND},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMLO.2008.019763},
  issn = {1746-725X},
  publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Saxena1991,
  author = {Saxena, K.B.C.},
  title = {Decision support engineering: a DSS development methodology},
  journal = {System Sciences, 1991. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Hawaii
	International Conference on},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {iii},
  pages = {98-107 vol.3},
  month = {Jan},
  abstract = {Current DSS research has demonstrated the viability of DSSs which
	provide active support, are knowledge based, promote creativity,
	and could act as tools for organizing thoughts. Very few of these
	promising approaches have been tried out in practice for real-life
	situations. One of the important reasons for this gap in state-of-the-art
	DSS research and practice is the need for a comprehensive DSS development
	methodology. This paper presents a comprehensive methodology based
	on a life cycle model and encompassing an engineering approach to
	DSS development. This approach assumes that functionality of a DSS
	is a process of negotiation between the user and the builder, and
	focusses on the support provided by a DSS, as this is the basic reason
	for DSS development. As an engineering approach, it establishes the
	standard for the level of support to be provided by the proposed
	DSS in terms of task effectiveness and resource requirements. This
	engineering approach has been used in a number of DSS development
	projects and has produced successful DSS products},
  doi = {10.1109/HICSS.1991.184132},
  keywords = {DP management, decision support systems, systems analysisDSS development
	methodology, comprehensive DSS development methodology, life cycle
	model, negotiation, resource requirements, task effectiveness},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{364148,
  author = {Lori L. Scarlatos},
  title = {The learning caf\'{e}: preparing inner-city high school students
	for college},
  journal = {J. Comput. Small Coll.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {61--68},
  number = {5},
  address = {, USA},
  issn = {1937-4771},
  publisher = {Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges},
  review = {DDD1 por ja ter sido mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{364148,
  author = {Lori L. Scarlatos},
  title = {The learning caf\'{e}: preparing inner-city high school students
	for college},
  journal = {CCSC '00: Proceedings of the fifth annual CCSC northeastern conference
	on The journal of computing in small colleges},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {61--68},
  address = {, USA},
  location = {Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, New Jersey, United States},
  publisher = {Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1240909,
  author = {Yael Schwartzman and Tapan S. Parikh},
  title = {Establishing relationships for designing rural information systems},
  journal = {CHI '07: CHI '07 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing
	systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1845--1850},
  abstract = {Designing for the developing world presents unique challenges. Establishing
	rapport with local partners is important to overcome contextual unfamiliarity
	and ensure the relevance of proposed solutions. In this paper, we
	discuss our experiences designing a CAM-based mobile data capture
	system for Asobagri, a rural coffee cooperative in Barillas, Guatemala.
	CAM is a camera-based mobile application framework designed based
	on fieldwork with rural microfinance groups in India. Our local partners
	in India are now using the CAM framework in a real application. We
	list some practices that have helped us establish and sustain both
	these design relationships.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240866.1240909},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-642-4},
  location = {San Jose, CA, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de usuarios analfabetos por tratar de trabalhadores
	rurais da india.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Sen2006,
  author = {Sayandeep Sen and Sukant Kole and Bhaskaran Raman},
  title = {Rural Telephony: A Socio-Economic Case Study},
  journal = {Information and Communication Technologies and Development, 2006.
	ICTD '06. International Conference on},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {301-309},
  month = {May },
  abstract = {Information and communication technology (ICT) has the potential to
	bring in development to rural areas in the third world. Any deployment
	of technology however should be backed by a positive economic activity
	to be sustainable. This paper reports on experience with the economics,
	as well as the social aspects of Voice-over-IP (VoIP) as a service.
	In Jan 2003, we established a WiFi link from a site with wired Internet
	connection to a remote village site. On learning the demand for a
	telephone facility at the village, we setup a VoIP service. The setup
	has been running with reasonable success since then. We have collected
	a wide variety of statistics on the usage of the service. Although
	we used the relatively low-cost WiFi technology, the expenses have
	been high. The capital expense is dominated by antenna tower (40m:
	U.S.$6,600). The WiFi equipment and the solar power system added
	significantly to the cost too (about U.S. $3,100). The revenue generated
	from the phone calls has averaged at about $52/month. Hence this
	service alone may not be sufficient, and other targeted services
	are necessary to sustain ICT in rural villages. However, on the positive
	side we think that telephony facility can attract potential ICT users
	to the setup since people can relate to the service immediately (unlike
	say, Web browsing)},
  doi = {10.1109/ICTD.2006.301868},
  keywords = {Internet telephony, socio-economic effects, wireless LANWiFi link,
	communication technology, information technology, rural telephony,
	socio-economic case study, voice-over-IP service},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{984936,
  author = {Lies Sercu and Elke Peters},
  title = {Learning e-learning -- a comprehensive investigation of course developers'
	and language teacher trainees' views regarding the usefulness and
	effectiveness of a multimedia self-tuition course},
  journal = {ReCALL},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {32--46},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {The paper presents the results of a comparative investigation of course
	developers’ and teacher trainees’ views regarding the usefulness
	and effectiveness of a multimedia self-tuition course designed to
	introduce foreign language teacher trainees to tools and methods
	for organising computer-assisted language learning. The paper first
	provides a brief description of the home-study course itself. It
	describes the course’s main components, its content as well as the
	learning and evaluation tasks the course provides in support of the
	learning process. Next, the paper reports on the way in which the
	evaluation project investigating teacher trainees’ and course developers’
	views regarding the effectiveness of the course was set up. The project’s
	design is presented, and the way in which various procedures of data
	collection (written evaluations and individual interviews) were triangulated
	is commented on. In the third section we present the investigation’s
	main findings. The section focuses on points of agreement and disagreement
	between developers’ and trainees’ views regarding the usefulness
	and effectiveness of the course. Finally, we describe the changes
	brought about by the evaluation project, and reflect on the necessity
	to take account of future users’ views and requirements in the design
	and development process if the training of foreign language teachers
	is to benefit from web-based delivery.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0958344002000411},
  issn = {0958-3440},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1242688,
  author = {Sarita Seshagiri and Sagar Aman and Dhaval Joshi},
  title = {Connecting the "bottom of the pyramid": an exploratory case study
	of india's rural communication environment},
  journal = {WWW '07: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World
	Wide Web},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {855--862},
  abstract = {This paper is based on our exploratory study of a South Indian village
	in Chamrajanagar district of Karnataka. The study was to understand
	the rural communication environment and villagers. communication
	preferences. We examined people's lifestyle, working conditions and
	their communication eco-system. Our study revealed that villagers,
	unlike urban inhabitants, interacted with people outside the village
	only for specific, rather than casual purposes. Another interesting
	aspect of rural communication was the marginal use of the postal
	system and the ubiquitous use of pay phone, apart from word of mouth
	and face-to-face interactions. In fact, personal (face-to-face) interaction
	was usually preferred among villages in this region, over other kinds
	of communication, despite infrastructural constraints like poor transport
	services.
	
	
	We also observed that communication frequency increased when status
	quo changed to one that required immediate attention. During the
	analysis we identified certain social, economic and cultural communication
	gaps (or problems). However, these problems were clear opportunities
	to connect the unconnected rural users, by deploying new communication
	systems and features. Here, we have highlighted some of our findings
	and possible design avenues based on these findings.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1242572.1242688},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-654-7},
  location = {Banff, Alberta, Canada},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora pareca um survey que apresente como problema o analfabetismo
	da população.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Shakeel2002,
  author = {Shakeel, H. and Best, M.L.},
  title = {Community knowledge sharing: an Internet application to support communications
	across literacy levels},
  journal = {Technology and Society, 2002. (ISTAS'02). 2002 International Symposium
	on},
  year = {2002},
  pages = { 37-44},
  abstract = {This paper presents Community Knowledge Sharing (CKS), an asynchronous
	discussion system designed for use in the developing world. CKS supports
	community development by allowing communities to interact, share
	and learn from each other. Recognizing that large segments of the
	population in rural communities have low levels of literacy, CKS
	implements a multi-literate design in which the system can be customized
	based on the abilities and preferences of the user. An evaluation
	of CKS, conducted in a rural agricultural community in the Dominican
	Republic, found that low literate users prefer fully iconic interfaces.
	Future systems designed for use by people with a range of literacy
	skills must ensure that iconic interfaces provide users with the
	audio and visual cues they need to work effectively},
  keywords = {Community Knowledge Sharing asynchronous discussion system, Dominican
	Republic, Internet, community development, computer literacy, developing
	world, electronic mail, fully iconic interfaces, government policies,
	graphical user interfaces, information dissemination, information
	services, multi-literate design, rural agricultural community, rural
	communitiesCommunity Knowledge Sharing asynchronous discussion system,
	Dominican Republic, Internet, community development, computer literacy,
	developing world, electronic mail, fully iconic interfaces, government
	policies, graphical user interfaces, information dissemination, information
	services, multi-literate design, rural agricultural community, rural
	communities},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de implementaçã ode interfaces para varios nivels
	de alfabetização de usuarios.
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de implementaçã ode interfaces para varios
	nivels de alfabetização de usuarios.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Shirali-Shahreza2007,
  author = {Shirali-Shahreza, M. and Shirali-Shahreza, S.},
  title = {Online Collage CAPTCHA},
  journal = {Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services, 2007. WIAMIS
	'07. Eighth International Workshop on},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {58-58},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {In some websites it is necessary to tell apart human users from computer
	programs which is known as CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing
	test to tell Computers and Human Apart). CAPTCHA methods are mainly
	based on the weak points of OCR systems while using them are undesirable
	to human users. In this paper a method has been presented for telling
	the human users and computer softwares apart on the basis of choice
	of an object shown on the screen. In this method some objects are
	chosen randomly and the pictures about these topics are downloaded
	from Internet. Then after effecting some changes such as rotating,
	all of the pictures are shown on the screen. Then we ask the user
	to choose a specific object. If the user chooses the right object
	we can guess that the user has been a human being and not a computer
	software. The main advantage of this method is its simplicity because
	the user does not have to type anything.},
  doi = {10.1109/WIAMIS.2007.63},
  keywords = {Internet, object recognition, optical character recognition, security
	of dataCAPTCHA, Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers
	and Human Apart, Internet, OCR systems, Website, computer programs,
	computer software, image collage, object identification},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Shirali-Shahreza2007a,
  author = {Shirali-Shahreza, M. and Shirali-Shahreza, S.},
  title = {Collage CAPTCHA},
  journal = {Signal Processing and Its Applications, 2007. ISSPA 2007. 9th International
	Symposium on},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1-4},
  month = {Feb.},
  abstract = {Nowadays, many daily human activities such as education, commerce,
	talks, etc. are carried out through the Internet. In cases such as
	the registering in websites, some hackers write programs to make
	automatic false enrolments which waste the resources of the website
	while this may even stop the entire website from working. Therefore,
	it is necessary to tell apart human users from computer programs
	which is known as CAPTCHA (completely automated p[ublic turing test
	to tell computers and human apart). CAPTCHA methods are mainly based
	on the weak points of OCR (optical character recognition) systems
	while using them are undesirable to human users. In this paper a
	method has been presented for telling the human users and computer
	softwares apart on the basis of choice of an object shown on the
	screen. In this method some pictures are chosen randomly and after
	effecting some changes such as rotating, all of them are shown on
	the screen. Then we ask the user to choose a specific object. If
	the user chooses the right object we can guess that the user has
	been a human being not computer software. The main advantage of this
	method is its simplicity because the user does not have to type anything.
	This method has been implemented by the Java programming language.},
  doi = {10.1109/ISSPA.2007.4555329},
  keywords = {Internet, Java, authorisation, human computer interaction, optical
	character recognitionCAPTCHA, Internet, Java programming language,
	completely automated public turing test to tell computers and human
	apart, computer software, optical character recognition},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1247022,
  author = {Ben Shneiderman},
  title = {Web science: a provocative invitation to computer science},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {25--27},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1247001.1247022},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{332843,
  author = {Ben Shneiderman},
  title = {Universal usability},
  journal = {Commun. ACM},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {84--91},
  number = {5},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/332833.332843},
  issn = {0001-0782},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{572185,
  author = {Ben Shneiderman},
  title = {Human values and the future of technology: a declaration of responsibility},
  journal = {SIGCAS Comput. Soc.},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {5--9},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {We can make a difference in shaping the future by ensuring that computers
	"serve human needs (Mumford, 1934)." By making explicit the enduring
	values that we hold dear we can guide computer system designers and
	developers for the next decade, century, and thereafter. After setting
	our high-level goals we can pursue the components and seek the process
	for fulfilling them. High-level goals might include peace, excellent
	health care, adequate nutrition, accessible education, communication,
	freedom of expression, support for creative exploration, safety,
	and socially constructive entertainment. Computer technology can
	help attain these high-level goals if we clearly state measurable
	objectives, obtain participation of professionals, and design effective
	human-computer interfaces. Design considerations include adequate
	attention to individual differences among users, support of social
	and organizational structures, design for reliability and safety,
	provision of access by the elderly, handicapped, or illiterate, and
	appropriate user controlled adaptation. With suitable theories and
	empirical research we can achieve ease of learning, rapid performance,
	low error rates, and good retention over time, while preserving high
	subjective satisfaction. To raise the consciousness of designers
	and achieve these goals, we must generate an international debate,
	stimulate discussions within organizations, and interact with other
	intellectual communities. This paper calls for a focus on the "you"
	and "I" in developing improved user interface (UI) research and systems,
	offers a Declaration of Responsibility, and proposes a Social Impact
	Statement for major computing projects.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/572183.572185},
  issn = {0095-2737},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 survey relacionado ao tema de desenvolvimento de interfaces
	
	DDDS rejeitado por naum tratar especificamente no desenvolvimento
	de interfaces para usuarios analfabetos.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{122674,
  author = {Ben Shneiderman},
  title = {Human values and the future of technology: a declaration of responsibility},
  journal = {SIGCHI Bull.},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {11--16},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {"We must learn to balance the material wonders of technology with
	the spiritual demands of our human nature."---John Naisbitt (1982).We
	can make a difference in shaping the future by ensurin g that computers
	"serve human needs (Mumford, 1934)." By making explicit the enduring
	values that we hold dear we can guide computer system designers and
	developers for the next decade, century, and thereafter. After setting
	our high-level goals we can pursue the components and seek the process
	for fulfilling them.High-level goals might include peace, excellent
	health care, adequate nutrition, accessible education, communication,
	freedom of expression, support for creative exploration, safety,
	and socially constructive entertainment. Computer technology can
	help attain these high-level goals if we clearly state measurable
	objectives, obtain participation of professionals, and design effective
	human-computer interfaces. Design considerations include adequate
	attention to individual differences among users, support of social
	and organizational structures, design for reliability and safety,
	provision of access by the elderly, handicapped, or illiterate, and
	appropriate user controlled adaptation. With suitable theories and
	empirical research we can achieve ease of learning, rapid performance,
	low error rates, and good retention over time, while preserving high
	subjective satisfaction.To raise the consciousness of designers and
	achieve these goals, we must generate an international debate, stimulate
	discussions within organizations, and interact with other intellectual
	communities. This paper calls for a focus on the "you" and "I" in
	developing improved user interface (UI) research and systems, offers
	a Declaration of Responsibility, and proposes a Social Impact Statement
	for major computing projects.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/122672.122674},
  issn = {0736-6906},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 survey relacionado ao tema de desenvolvimento de interfaces
	
	DDDS rejeitado por naum tratar especificamente no desenvolvimento
	de interfaces para usuarios analfabetos.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Sian K Smith, Lyndal Trevena, Don Nutbeam, Alexandra Barratt, Kirsten
	J McCaffery},
  title = {Information needs and preferences of low and high literacy consumers
	for decisions about colorectal cancer screening: utilizing a linguistic
	model},
  journal = {Health Expectations},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {Volume 11, Issue 2},
  pages = {123-136},
  abstract = {Context The use of written decision aids (DAs) in clinical practice
	has proliferated. However, few DAs have been developed for low literacy
	users, despite this group having low knowledge about healthcare and
	lacking involvement in health decisions.
	
	
	Objective To explore the information needs and understanding of adults
	with varying literacy in relation to colorectal cancer screening,
	and to consider their responses to two versions of a decision aid.
	
	
	Participants Thirty-three men and women aged 45–74 years were recruited
	from Adult Basic Education classes (n = 17) and University Continuing
	Education programs (n = 16).
	
	
	Methods We used qualitative methods (in-depth, semi-structured interviews)
	to compare and contrast the views of adults with lower and higher
	literacy levels, to gain a better understanding of how people with
	lower literacy value and interpret specific DA content and components;
	and determine whether needs and preferences are specific to lower
	literacy groups or generic across the broad literacy spectrum.
	
	
	Results Regardless of literacy perspective, participants' interpretations
	of the DA were shaped by their prior knowledge and expectations,
	as well as their values and preferences. This influenced perceptions
	of the DAs role in supporting informed decision making. A linguistic
	theoretical model was applied to interpret the findings. This facilitated
	considerations beyond the traditional focus on the readability of
	materials.
	
	
	Conclusion Decision aids developers may find it useful to apply alternative
	approaches (linguistic) when creating DAs for consumers of varying
	literacy.},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 por tratar de interfaces para usuarios com variados niveis de
	alfabetização.
	
	DDDS por poder tratar o termo alfabetização apenas no contexto de
	conhecimento a respeito da saude (cancer)
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por tratar de interfaces para usuarios com variados
	niveis de alfabetização.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{994141,
  author = {Curt Simmons},
  title = {How to Do Everything With Your Blackberry (How to Do Everything)},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2004},
  address = {Berkeley, CA, USA},
  isbn = {0072255870},
  publisher = {Osborne/McGraw-Hill},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Simmons2006,
  author = {Simmons, E.},
  title = {The usage model: describing product usage during design and development},
  journal = {Software, IEEE},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {23},
  pages = { 34-41},
  number = {3},
  month = {May-June},
  abstract = {A usage model is a collection of data that describes system usage
	within a stated context. The usage model data describe the interactions
	between the user and the system at a level that identifies the system's
	benefits to the user.},
  doi = {10.1109/MS.2006.87},
  issn = {0740-7459},
  keywords = { systems analysis product usage, stated context, usage model},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract abstract mal estruturado.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{351020,
  author = {M. Slater and J. Howell and A. Steed and D-P. Pertaub and M. Garau},
  title = {Acting in virtual reality},
  journal = {CVE '00: Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative
	virtual environments},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {103--110},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/351006.351020},
  isbn = {1-58113-303-0},
  location = {San Francisco, California, United States},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1226999,
  author = {Andrew C Smith},
  title = {Using magnets in physical blocks that behave as programming objects},
  journal = {TEI '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Tangible
	and embedded interaction},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {147--150},
  abstract = {In this paper we describe the implementation of GameBlocks, a novel
	digital manipulative system for coding simple programme sequences
	to control a toy robot. A contact-less, magnetic field-based mechanism
	for transferring information about the blocks is described. The mechanical
	and electronic system components are described. We position this
	implementation in relation to prior related work. Problems encountered
	are given, with suggestions for future work.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1226969.1226999},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-619-6},
  location = {Baton Rouge, Louisiana},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1040201,
  author = {Sylvia Sorkin and Donna Tupper and Kathleen Harmeyer},
  title = {Instructional multimedia institutes for mathematics, science and
	technology educators},
  journal = {J. Comput. Small Coll.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {28--37},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {This paper describes the intensive two-week summer institutes funded
	by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as part of an Advanced Technological
	Education project that provides instruction for 40 secondary teachers
	and college faculty in mathematics, science, and technology. Each
	participant will attend two consecutive summer institutes, and create
	a website and a Multimedia Learning Activity for classroom use. Participants
	received stipends and individual copies of software for screen capture,
	web development, animation, and digital imaging.},
  address = {, USA},
  issn = {1937-4771},
  publisher = {Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1277408,
  author = {Michael H. Sosabowski and Steve Aljawhiri and Katie Herson and George
	W. J. Olivier},
  title = {Enhancing learning and teaching quality: Intranet hierarchy optimisation
	and application of stereochemical molecular representations},
  journal = {Inf. Serv. Use},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {125--138},
  number = {2,3},
  abstract = {This article deals with the ongoing use and development of Intranet-based
	technologies within the School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences,
	University of Brighton. The course used as a test model is the M.Pharm.
	degree, a 4-year course with approximately 120 students per level.
	The student subjects of this study are the then Level 2 students.
	In this article we examine the continued optimisation of a School
	Intranet learning resource with regard to optimisation of the hierarchical
	structure. In response to a requirement previously identified, this
	work then focuses on the use of manipulatable molecular representations
	to enhance the learning and teaching of stereochemistry.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  issn = {0167-5265},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1122956,
  author = {Kenia Sousa and Elizabeth Furtado},
  title = {From usability tasks to usable user interfaces},
  journal = {TAMODIA '05: Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Task
	models and diagrams},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {103--110},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1122935.1122956},
  isbn = {1-59593-220-8},
  location = {Gdansk, Poland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 ja mapeado em outro sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{1122956,
  author = {Kenia Sousa and Elizabeth Furtado},
  title = {From usability tasks to usable user interfaces},
  journal = {TAMODIA '05: Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Task
	models and diagrams},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {103--110},
  abstract = {In this paper we describe how the identification of usability tasks
	in the task model as an early consideration of usability in the process
	can directly influence the design of usable User Interfaces (UI).
	We intend to make system analysts and UI designers work and communicate
	better by sharing artifacts, thus providing a process that aims at
	the integration of professionals working with a productive process
	in order to develop UIs with usability.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1122935.1122956},
  isbn = {1-59593-220-8},
  location = {Gdansk, Poland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{944884,
  author = {Clay Spinuzzi},
  title = {Using a handheld PC to collect and analyze observational data},
  journal = {SIGDOC '03: Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference
	on Documentation},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {73--79},
  abstract = {Observational research has become an increasingly important tool in
	the technical communicator's toolkit as a way of analyzing audiences,
	discovering problems with current documentation systems, and envisioning
	alternate ways to design information. Whether it is used informally,
	in structured design methods, or in academic workplace studies, observational
	research is useful for technical communication. Yet collecting, managing,
	and analyzing data can be laborious, time-consuming, and hard to
	share among team members. Thus technical communicators sometimes
	avoid observational research in favor of interviews, focus groups,
	and usability testing -- methods that have their own strengths, but
	that are no substitute for observational research.In this presentation,
	I describe two projects in which I dealt with some of these barriers
	by using handheld PCs (a Handspring Visor and a Sharp Zaurus) as
	data collection, management, and analysis tools. Consolidating various
	techniques to a handheld PC -particularly on the data collection
	side -- leads to a number of benefits, including a reduction in laborious
	manual transcription; the easy transfer from raw data to research
	databases; the elimination of work in digitizing audio and photo
	data for archiving in a database; on-the-fly analysis of data anywhere,
	without the need for file cabinets, folders, or other bulky types
	of data storage; and easy sharing of data among team members. At
	the presentation's conclusion, I will describe how I plan to further
	develop this fruitful line of inquiry by developing a crossplatform
	qualitative research tool.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/944868.944884},
  isbn = {1-58113-696-X},
  location = {San Francisco, CA, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Srivastava2004,
  author = {Srivastava, P.K. and Sahu, S.},
  title = {A cost-effective solution for telemedicine in rural health care using
	mobile ad hoc networks},
  journal = {E-Tech 2004},
  year = {2004},
  pages = { 109-113},
  month = {July},
  abstract = {Information and communication technology carries with it enormous
	potential for transforming poor people's lives, connecting them to
	markets and improving their access to government services. Health
	care organizations are also utilizing different information system
	technologies that can be employed to reduce administrative costs,
	make organizations more competitive, and ultimately provide better
	care to patients. However, most of the existing health care solutions
	require a huge initial investment and require the end-users to be
	technology-aware enough to use them. Developing economies like those
	in Latin America, Africa and Asia cannot afford to deploy such kind
	of real-time technologies for its masses because this would not be
	financially feasible. This paper discusses the problems associated
	with the implementation of such solutions in the rural sector of
	such economies. Also, a new system has been proposed which makes
	use of the wireless ad hoc networking for rural health care management.
	It has a lot of attractive features like ease of setup, use, and
	maintenance; and, most important, relatively very low cost for both
	users and providers. Also a case study of a similar kind of successful
	e-governance project in India, Bhoomi is shown which provides support
	for the promises associated with the proposed system.},
  doi = {10.1109/ETECH.2004.1353853},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { ad hoc networks, health care, medical computing, medical information
	systems, mobile radio, patient care, patient diagnosis, telemedicine
	Africa, Asia, Bhoomi Indian e-governance project, Latin America,
	administrative costs, competitive organizations, cost-effective telemedicine,
	developing economies, government service access, information system
	technologies, initial investment, maintenance, mobile ad hoc networks,
	patient care, real-time technologies, rural health care, rural health
	care management, wireless ad hoc networking},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder tratar de usuarios com baixo grau de alfabetização.
	Usuarios rurais.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{513481,
  author = {Linux Journal Staff},
  title = {upFront},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {2002},
  pages = {18},
  number = {97},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1353827,
  author = {Andreja Isteni\v{c} Star\v{c}i\v{c} and Andrej Brodnik and Matja\v{z}
	Kljun},
  title = {Information communication educational technologies in lifelong learning
	of underprivileged groups},
  journal = {SEPADS'07: Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference
	on Software Engineering, Parallel and Distributed Systems},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {140--147},
  abstract = {The paper describes conditions that influenced the implementation
	of new technologies in educational organizations for adult learners
	and presents a project of deployment of ICT assisted learning for
	underprivileged groups of adults. The aim was to foster quality of
	teaching and learning and raise digital literacy. Instructional design
	for adult learners with poor learning skills, collaboration skills
	and ICT knowledge was formed, and interoperability within different
	technological conditions, systems and delivery platforms was built.
	Information communication educational technologies were implemented
	in three forms: (1) multimedia learning material on a CD-ROM for
	personal computers without Internet connection, (2) computer supported
	learning environment for guided self-directed learning, and (3) computer
	supported collaborative learning environment.},
  address = {Stevens Point, Wisconsin, USA},
  isbn = {978-960-8457-59-1},
  location = {Corfu Island, Greece},
  publisher = {World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS)},
  review = {DDD1 por tratar os usuarios no contexto de aprendizagem.
	
	AAAS não definicao do tipo de usuarios como individuos com baixo grau
	de alfabetização da lingua.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Starner2002,
  author = {Starner, T.E.},
  title = {The role of speech input in wearable computing},
  journal = {Pervasive Computing, IEEE},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {1},
  pages = { 89-93},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Speech recognition seems like an attractive input mechanism for wearable
	computers, and as we saw in this magazine's first issue, several
	companies are promoting products that use limited speech interfaces
	for specific tasks. However, we must overcome several challenges
	to using speech recognition in more general contexts, and interface
	designers must be wary of applying the technology to situations where
	speech is inappropriate.},
  doi = {10.1109/MPRV.2002.1037727},
  issn = {1536-1268},
  keywords = {mobile computing, portable computers, speech recognition, speech-based
	user interfacesbackground noise, mobile speech recognition, speech
	input, speech interfaces, speech recognition, speech recognizers,
	wearable computer, wearable computing},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1328097,
  author = {Malathi Subramanian},
  title = {Theory and practice of e-governance in India: a gender perspective},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {187--195},
  abstract = {In India women's ability to participate in the country's rapid progress
	towards e-governance is impeded by the low status ascribed to women
	and girls in Indian society. This is reflected in the gender disparity
	in many sectors with women in a disadvantaged position in India.
	Extreme poverty and poor IT infrastructure in rural areas, where
	the majority of Indian women reside, further restrict women's access
	to education and information technology. Such an iniquitous position
	of women has contributed enormously to the slow pace of development
	in India. The issue of gender equity is not a supplement to development
	and e-governance but central to both. While the e-governance initiatives
	are theoretically comprehensive and aimed at inclusion of every citizen,
	the last digital node, unless the gender perspective is taken into
	account, a huge gap is bound to remain between the theory and practice
	of e-governance in India with attendant effects on development. Despite
	the many e-governance initiatives and massive investments in information
	communication technologies (ICTs) in India, a gender gap might exclude
	or restrict women to be equal partners and beneficiaries of the e-
	governance initiatives.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328097},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {Sunil Kripalani, Rashanda Robertson, Melissa H. Love-Ghaffari, Laura
	E. Henderson, Jessica Praska, Akilah Strawder, Marra G. Katz, Terry
	A. Jacobson},
  title = {Development of an illustrated medication schedule as a low-literacy
	patient education tool},
  journal = {Patient Education and Counseling, Volume 66, Issue 3, June 2007,
	Pages 368-377},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {66},
  pages = {368-377},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{1328125,
  author = {Imane Taoufik and Hind Kabaili and Driss Kettani},
  title = {Designing an e-government portal accessible to illiterate citizens},
  journal = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {327--336},
  abstract = {The digital battle has become the most important factor of economic
	and social development. In fact, there is no doubt on the fact that
	establishing E-government systems can improve the quality of government
	services and enhance the citizens' life. However, E-government projects
	cannot be successful if they are not adapted to the specific cultural
	and social needs of the users.
	
	
	Taking into consideration the high illiteracy rate within the Moroccan
	population, we conducted our research to design an E-government portal
	for the old city of Fez that is accessible by the majority of the
	citizens especially those who are illiterate.
	
	
	The objective of this research is exploring the different architectures,
	scenarios and technologies for designing an E-government portal that
	is usable and accessible by all Fez citizens whether they are literate
	or illiterate. Hence, the concrete output of this project is a usable
	graphical user interface accessible to both literate and illiterate
	people in order for them to interact with the static content and
	to use the online transactions. In the process of achieving our goal,
	we had to discover and create design principles and to test them
	with real users.
	
	
	This paper describes and justifies the chosen methodology, architecture
	and tools that were applied in order to develop Fez e-government
	portal's graphical user interface. The results of the designed graphical
	user interface's testing are presented and discussed in order to
	assess the project's success.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328057.1328125},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitado por mencionar o desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos}
}

@ARTICLE{Temizel2007,
  author = {Temizel, T.T. and Mizani, M.A. and Inkaya, T. and Yucebas, S.C.},
  title = {The effect of data set characteristics on the choice of clustering
	validity index type},
  journal = {Computer and information sciences, 2007. iscis 2007. 22nd international
	symposium on},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1-6},
  month = {Nov.},
  abstract = {Clustering techniques are widely used to give insight about the similarities/dissimilarities
	between data set items. Most algorithms require the user to tune
	parameters such as number of clusters or threshold for cut-off point
	in a dendrogram. Such parameters also affect the clustering quality.
	In a good quality cluster, the intra-cluster similarity should be
	high, whereas the inter-cluster similarity should be low. To determine
	the optimal cluster number, several cluster validity methods have
	been proposed. However, there is no guideline with respect to which
	clustering validity methods can be used in conjunction with which
	clustering algorithms. In this paper, Dunn and SD validity indices
	were applied to Kohonen self organizing maps, k-means and agglomerative
	clustering algorithms and their limitations were shown empirically.},
  doi = {10.1109/ISCIS.2007.4456856},
  keywords = {data handling, pattern clustering, self-organising feature mapsKohonen
	self organizing maps, agglomerative clustering algorithms, cluster
	validity methods, clustering quality, clustering techniques, clustering
	validity index type, data set characteristics, data set items, dendrogram,
	intra-cluster similarity, k-means clustering algorithms, validity
	indices},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1292508,
  author = {Mamello Thinyane and Lorenzo Dalvit and Hannah Slay and Thandeka
	Mapi and Alfredo Terzoli and Peter Clayton},
  title = {An ontology-based, multi-modal platform for the inclusion of marginalized
	rural communities into the knowledge society},
  journal = {SAICSIT '07: Proceedings of the 2007 annual research conference of
	the South African institute of computer scientists and information
	technologists on IT research in developing countries},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {143--151},
  abstract = {With the information revolution that promises to shape the 21st century,
	knowledge has become the prime commodity, very much like land, means
	of production and capital have been at different times in the past.
	Access to information, made instantly available by the growth of
	the Internet, determines access to economic resources, social participation
	and better quality of life. For this reason, the knowledge stored
	on the Web and the advantages offered by the spread of Information
	and Communication Technology (ICT) are equally important for rich
	societies to prosper and for poor ones to develop. The only difference
	is that marginalised communities do not have access to the tools
	and have little control over the content found in the domain of ICTs.
	In this paper we describe an intervention to develop the potential
	of a typical rural community in South Africa through ICTs. This involves
	providing Internet connectivity and deploying a platform to support
	e-commerce, e-learning, e-government and e-health. The core of the
	platform is an ontology-based model designed to integrate and respond
	to Indigenous Knowledge Systems. This has been achieved by combining
	a deep understanding of local knowledge and social networks with
	the use of authoring, communication and ontology-management tools.
	The primary goal of this new approach is to find a way to make ICT
	solutions more sensitive to the local context, and therefore more
	effective. Secondly, we hope to foster a sense of ownership of the
	project among the community, by capitalising on local knowledge and
	resources.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1292491.1292508},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-775-9},
  location = {Port Elizabeth, South Africa},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1239253,
  author = {Ya\c{s}ar Tonta},
  title = {Internet and electronic information management},
  journal = {Inf. Serv. Use},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {3--12},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {The number and types of information sources accessible through the
	Internet are ever increasing. Billions of documents including text,
	pictures, sound, and video are readily available for both scholarly
	and every-day uses. Even libraries and information centers with sizable
	budgets are having difficulties in coping with this increase. More
	developed tools and methods are needed to find, filter, organize
	and summarize electronic information sources. This paper is an overview
	of a wide variety of electronic information management issues ranging
	from infrastructure to the integration of information technology
	and content, from personalization of information services to “disintermediation”.
	It discusses the issues of description, organization, collection
	management, preservation and archiving of electronic information.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  issn = {0167-5265},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{155289,
  author = {Larry D. Trindell},
  title = {NetView: a professional's guide to SNA network management},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {1993},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  isbn = {0-07-041984-1},
  publisher = {McGraw-Hill, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Tsetsos2005,
  author = {Tsetsos, V. and Anagnostopoulos, C. and Kikiras, P. and Hasiotis,
	P. and Hadjiefthymiades, S.},
  title = {A human-centered semantic navigation system for indoor environments},
  journal = {Pervasive Services, 2005. ICPS '05. Proceedings. International Conference
	on},
  year = {2005},
  pages = { 146-155},
  month = {July},
  abstract = {In this paper we discuss the very important issue of indoor location
	services. Location services have been in use, and studied, for a
	long time in mobile networks. With the proliferation of wireless
	networking technologies, users are mostly interested in advanced
	services that render the surrounding environment (i.e., the building)
	highly intelligent and significantly facilitate user activities (pervasive
	computing paradigm). Our focus is on navigation, one of the most
	important location services. Existing approaches for indoor navigation
	are driven by geometric information and neglect important aspects
	like the semantics of points/areas and user preferences. The derived
	applications are not intelligent enough to catalytically contribute
	to the pervasive computing vision. In this paper, a novel navigation
	mechanism is introduced. Such navigation scheme is enriched with
	user profiles and the adoption of an ontological framework. These
	enhancements introduce a series of technical challenges that are
	extensively discussed throughout the paper.},
  doi = {10.1109/PERSER.2005.1506403},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { indoor radio, mobile computing, mobility management (mobile radio),
	navigation, ontologies (artificial intelligence), semantic Web human-centered
	semantic navigation system, indoor environment, indoor location service,
	mobile network, pervasive computing, user preference, wireless networking
	technology},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1332398,
  author = {C. F. van Uden-Kraan and C. H. C. Drossaert and E. Taal and C. E.
	I. Lebrun and K. W. Drossaers-Bakker and W. M. Smit and E. R. Seydel
	and M. A. F. J. van de Laar},
  title = {Coping with somatic illnesses in online support groups: Do the feared
	disadvantages actually occur?},
  journal = {Comput. Hum. Behav.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {309--324},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {People in stressful circumstances, such as serious health conditions,
	often turn to support groups. With the increase in the availability
	and popularity of the Internet, the possibility has arisen to join
	support groups online. Various authors have raised potential disadvantages
	of these groups, such as the lack of control of the quality of the
	information that is exchanged and the concern that the exchange within
	the group might include socially inappropriate remarks. In this study
	we explored to what extent these potential disadvantages actually
	occur. In addition, we explored who uses Dutch online support groups
	and what is exchanged by the participants. By means of ''content
	analysis'' we analyzed a random sample of 1500 messages from publicly
	available online support groups for patients with breast cancer,
	arthritis and fibromyalgia. It appeared that the online support groups
	under study were mainly used by female patients. A major part of
	the postings contained ''off topic'' remarks. Popular health related
	topics were ''restrictions in daily life'' and ''regular medication''.
	Only in a minor proportion of the postings, potential disadvantages
	were present. Therefore this study suggests that online support groups
	are a viable option for support.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.01.014},
  issn = {0747-5632},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Ulijn1999,
  author = {Ulijn, J. and Campbell, C.P.},
  title = {Technical innovations in communication: how to relate technology
	to business by a culturally reliable human interface},
  journal = {Professional Communication Conference, 1999. IPCC 99. Communication
	Jazz: Improvising the New International Communication Culture. Proceedings.
	1999 IEEE International},
  year = {1999},
  pages = {109-120},
  abstract = {The technology that makes the world into the global village envisioned
	by Marshall McLuhan move than 30 years ago now seems to be in place,
	thanks to the Internet and the World Wide Web. Technical innovations
	in communication technology have been quickly exploited by businesses
	to expand their reach into new markets. However, not much is yet
	known about the way this technology is inducing changes in long-standing
	cultural patterns that prescribe the preferred methods of negotiating
	business deals. In this paper, we survey the state of our unknowing
	under several headings, hoping to instigate discussion on how technology
	works as a human interface in different parts of the world},
  doi = {10.1109/IPCC.1999.799108},
  keywords = {business communication, business data processing, professional communication,
	social aspects of automation, telecommunication, user interfacesInternet,
	World Wide Web, business, business deal negotiation, communication
	technology, cultural changes, culturally reliable human interface,
	global village, long-standing cultural patterns, new markets, survey,
	technical innovations},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{,
  author = {G. R. Venning},
  title = {The influence of contraceptive practice upon maternal and child health},
  journal = {Metabolism, Volume 14, Issue 3, Part 2, March 1965, Pages 457-464},
  year = {1965},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {457-464},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.25}
}

@ARTICLE{Vlahakis2002,
  author = {Vlahakis, V. and Karigiannis, J. and Ioannidis, N. and Tsotros, M.
	and Gounaris, M. and Sticker, D. and Daehne, P. and Almeida, L.},
  title = {3D interactive, on-site visualization of ancient Olympia},
  journal = {3D Data Processing Visualization and Transmission, 2002. Proceedings.
	First International Symposium on},
  year = {2002},
  pages = { 337-345},
  abstract = {This paper describes the work performed for the ARCHEOGUIDE (Augmented
	Reality-based Cultural Heritage On-site GUIDE) project. ARCHEOGUIDE
	is funded by the EU IST framework (IST-1999-11306), and pursued by
	a consortium of European organizations. It delivers an interactive,
	personalized, augmented reality (AR) guide for the visualization
	of ruined archaeological sites. It is based on mobile real-time computing,
	networking, and 3D visualization. Its users are presented with monument
	reconstructions, navigation aid and historical information in a user-friendly
	way through the use of multi-modal interaction techniques. The key
	features of the system are a novel hybrid position and orientation
	tracking technique used in determining the user's viewpoint, navigation
	aid, outdoor operation, and real-time 3D visualization of monuments,
	artifacts, and life. This paper presents examples of the system's
	use at the archaeological site of ancient Olympia in Greece.},
  doi = {10.1109/TDPVT.2002.1024080},
  keywords = {archaeology, augmented reality, data visualisation, mobile computing,
	real-time systems, user interfaces3D visualization, ARCHEOGUIDE project,
	Augmented Reality-based Cultural Heritage On-site GUIDE, EU IST framework,
	Greece, IST-1999-11306, ancient Olympia, historical information,
	hybrid technique, interactive personalized guide, mobile real-time
	computing, monument reconstructions, multimodal interaction techniques,
	navigation aid, networking, orientation tracking, positioning, ruined
	archaeological sites, user-friendliness},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{585015,
  author = {Vassilios Vlahakis and John Karigiannis and Manolis Tsotros and Michael
	Gounaris and Luis Almeida and Didier Stricker and Tim Gleue and Ioannis
	T. Christou and Renzo Carlucci and Nikos Ioannidis},
  title = {Archeoguide: first results of an augmented reality, mobile computing
	system in cultural heritage sites},
  journal = {VAST '01: Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Virtual reality,
	archeology, and cultural heritage},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {131--140},
  abstract = {This paper presents the ARCHEOGUIDE project (Augmented Reality-based
	Cultural Heritage On-site GUIDE). ARCHEOGUIDE is an IST project,
	funded by the EU, aiming at providing a personalized electronic guide
	and tour assistant to cultural site visitors. The system provides
	on-site help and Augmented Reality reconstructions of ancient ruins,
	based on user's position and orientation in the cultural site, and
	realtime image rendering. It incorporates a multimedia database of
	cultural material for on-line access to cultural data, virtual visits,
	and restoration information. It uses multi-modal user interfaces
	and personalizes the flow of information to its user's profile in
	order to cater for both professional and recreational users, and
	for applications ranging from archaeological research, to education,
	multimedia publishing, and cultural tourism. This paper presents
	the ARCHEOGUIDE system and the experiences gained from the evaluation
	of an initial prototype by representative user groups at the archeological
	site of Olympia, Greece.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/584993.585015},
  isbn = {1-58113-447-9},
  location = {Glyfada, Greece},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{503410,
  author = {Amy Voida and Wendy C. Newstetter and Elizabeth D. Mynatt},
  title = {When conventions collide: the tensions of instant messaging attributed},
  journal = {CHI '02: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in
	computing systems},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {187--194},
  abstract = {We discuss findings from observation, interviews, and textual analysis
	of instant messaging use in a university research lab setting. We
	propose a method for characterizing the tensions that permeate instant
	messaging texts and that expose the collision between conventions
	of verbal and written communication. Given this method, we suggest
	a design space for exploring potential design choices in instant
	messaging clients. Finally, we recommend an analysis of communicative
	conventions as a fruitful lens through which designers might anticipate
	or circumvent design tensions in emergent computer-mediated communication
	technologies},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/503376.503410},
  isbn = {1-58113-453-3},
  location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Vreede1998,
  author = {de Vreede, G.-J. and Jones, N. and Mgaya, R.},
  title = {A new driving force behind capacity building in Africa: group support
	systems},
  journal = {System Sciences, 1998., Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International
	Conference on},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {705-714 vol.6},
  month = {Jan},
  abstract = {This paper explores, through a number of case studies, the application
	of group support systems for capacity building initiatives in various
	sectors in Africa. A model is introduced on the adoption of GSS in
	an African context. Notwithstanding skeptical expectations with respect
	to the successful application of the technology, the results clearly
	indicate that: there is support from key participants and top managers
	to use the technology; computer illiteracy does not seem to hinder
	successful GSS application; electronic communication does not get
	in the way of the traditional verbal meeting culture; and participants
	were very satisfied with the technology, the process, and the results
	of the electronic meetings. The case studies show the potential of
	applying GSS to give new momentum to capacity building and capacity
	mobilization efforts in Africa},
  doi = {10.1109/HICSS.1998.654833},
  keywords = {computer literacy, groupware, technology transfer, teleconferencingAfrica,
	capacity building initiatives, capacity mobilization, case studies,
	computer literacy, electronic communication, electronic meetings,
	group support systems, managers, technology transfer, user satisfaction},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora trate de letramento digital.
	
	
	DDD2},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1347584,
  author = {Bregje de Vries and Hans van der Meij and Ard W. Lazonder},
  title = {Supporting reflective web searching in elementary schools},
  journal = {Comput. Hum. Behav.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {649--665},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {In this contribution, two design experiments are presented in which
	reflective web searching is implemented in six elementary classrooms.
	Reflective web searching is viewed to comprise three steps: (1) develop
	ownership over search questions, (2) interpret and personalize web
	content, and (3) adapt web content into personally meaningful answers.
	A portal and a worksheet supported reflective web searching. A wide
	range of qualitative data, including observations, interviews and
	group products, was collected to gain insight in the emerging practices.
	The findings show that the portal and worksheet successfully contributed
	to the development of ownership, and the interpretation and personalization
	of retrieved information. Enabling children to search the web collaboratively
	further enhanced interpretation and personalization. The prototypes
	of both portal and worksheet were improved across the design experiments,
	and their success rates increased. Despite the improvements, the
	process of adaptation was not sufficiently supported by the portal
	and worksheet.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.01.021},
  issn = {0747-5632},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Walsh2003,
  author = {Walsh, P. and Meade, J.},
  title = {Speech enabled e-learning for adult literacy tutoring},
  journal = {Advanced Learning Technologies, 2003. Proceedings. The 3rd IEEE International
	Conference on},
  year = {2003},
  pages = { 17-21},
  month = {July},
  abstract = {It is estimated in a recent OECD International Adult Literacy Survey
	that up to 500,000 Irish adults are functionally illiterate, that
	is many people have difficulty in reading and understanding everyday
	documents. We address this problem by allowing users to interact
	with speech enabled e-learning literacy content using multimodal
	interfaces. We present two experimental prototypes that explore technical
	solutions and identify an application architecture suitable for literacy
	e-learning. The implementation of an evolutionary prototype that
	uses client side technology is described and feedback from this phase
	of the project is reported.},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { Internet, computer aided instruction, distance learning, speech recognition,
	speech synthesis, speech-based user interfaces client side technology,
	literacy e-learning, multimodal interfaces, speech enabled e-learning
	literacy content, user interaction},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {AAA1 aceitador por mencionar desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos
	
	
	AAA2 Aceitador por mencionar desenvolvimento de interfaces para usuarios
	analfabetos},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{Wang1998,
  author = {Farn Wang and Pao-Ann Hsiung},
  title = {Automatic verification on the large},
  journal = {High-Assurance Systems Engineering Symposium, 1998. Proceedings.
	Third IEEE International},
  year = {1998},
  pages = {134-141},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {An automatic verification method from a high level resource management
	standpoint is presented. Various manipulators can be incorporated
	in the method to construct, refine, reduce, and model-check state
	space representation. Proper combinations of manipulators can then
	be picked strategically by users or computers for less resource (time
	and space) consumption. An algorithm based on group theory to pick
	a manipulator combination is presented. Verification sessions are
	conducted to illustrate our idea},
  doi = {10.1109/HASE.1998.731605},
  keywords = {automatic programming, group theory, program verificationautomatic
	verification method, automatic verification on the large, group theory,
	high level resource management, manipulator combination, manipulators,
	model checking, state space representation},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1075128,
  author = {Gang Wang and Tat-Seng Chua and Yong-Cheng Wang},
  title = {Extracting key semantic terms from Chinese speech query for web searches},
  journal = {ACL '03: Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting on Association for
	Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {248--255},
  abstract = {This paper discusses the challenges and proposes a solution to performing
	information retrieval on the Web using Chinese natural language speech
	query. The main contribution of this research is in devising a divide-and-conquer
	strategy to alleviate the speech recognition errors. It uses the
	query model to facilitate the extraction of main core semantic string
	(CSS) from the Chinese natural language speech query. It then breaks
	the CSS into basic components corresponding to phrases, and uses
	a multi-tier strategy to map the basic components to known phrases
	in order to further eliminate the errors. The resulting system has
	been found to be effective.},
  address = {Morristown, NJ, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1075096.1075128},
  location = {Sapporo, Japan},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Wang2008,
  author = {Jie Wang and Ying Liu and Huanglingzi Liu and Salomaa, J.},
  title = {User study on family communication in China},
  journal = {Technology and Society, 2008. ISTAS 2008. IEEE International Symposium
	on},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1-7},
  month = {June},
  abstract = {Family is a core element of society. The development of economics
	and the transformation of cultures in mainland China bring new challenges
	to family communications. To understand current practices and the
	needs of family communication in mainland China, we studied 27 rural
	and urban families with ethnographic methods. We summarized the main
	family structures for rural and urban families and also found three
	main family communication problems: emotional communication, the
	education of children and elder support. These three problems exist
	in both rural and urban areas, but in different forms. Two concepts,
	an emotional poster in village and a learning community based on
	family/village clan, were designed and presented to address the problems.},
  doi = {10.1109/ISTAS.2008.4559792},
  keywords = {social sciences computingChina family communication, emotional communication,
	ethnographic methods, rural-urban families},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{1047092,
  author = {Monica Ward},
  title = {The additional uses of CALL in the endangered language context},
  journal = {ReCALL},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {345--359},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {This paper considers the additional uses of CALL in the Endangered
	Language (EL) context. It briefly reviews ELs and reports on CALL
	for ELs in general. It then reviews the extra uses of CALL for ELs;
	these include changing negative attitudes towards the language, arousing
	interest in the language and contributing to language maintenance
	and documentation. In order to demonstrate the benefits of CALL for
	an EL, three examples are presented. Each of the ELs discussed in
	this paper could be considered to be on a different scale on the
	Fishman (1991) Scale for an EL. The first CALL application discussed
	is a program for Irish for primary school children. Irish is a Celtic
	language and is only regularly used by about 10,000 speakers in Ireland.
	The main aim of the program was to try to increase the children’s
	motivation to study Irish, which is a compulsory subject in schools
	in Ireland. The second application is a literacy program for Tojolab’al,
	a Mayan language spoken in Chiapas, Mexico. Tojolab’al could be considered
	to be a relatively stable language (30,000–40,000 speakers out of
	an ethnic population of about 80,000 people), but it has very few
	literate speakers. The idea of this project was to develop CALL courseware
	to teach literacy, beginning with the letters and then progressing
	to words and phrases. The third example is CALL courseware for Nawat,
	an Uto-Aztecan language of El Salvador. The remaining 150 speakers
	of Nawat are mainly elderly and illiterate and this courseware aimed
	to document and develop courseware for the language, while the remaining
	speakers were still alive. The paper concludes with lessons learnt
	for ELs in general from these three specific examples. It surmises
	that despite the difficulties involved in the CALL for EL context,
	if a pragmatic approach is adopted, CALL materials can have positive
	social benefits, which probably outweigh its contribution to language
	learning in the short-term. The effort involved in CALL for ELs is
	definitely worthwhile.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0958344004000722},
  issn = {0958-3440},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  review = {DDD1 por mencionar o desenvolvimento de sistemas no contexto da educação
	e ensino.}
}

@ARTICLE{Wei2000,
  author = {Wei, L.Y.},
  title = {A system to break the 2R barrier between man and machine},
  journal = {Signal Processing Proceedings, 2000. WCCC-ICSP 2000. 5th International
	Conference on},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {1392-1394 vol.2},
  abstract = {By 2R, we mean the Radicals and Roman spelling of the Chinese language.
	They form a high barrier between man and machine that makes use of
	the 2R. A system has been developed by recognizing the four basic
	patterns (4BP) of Chinese characters. With the 4BP, we can build
	character codes and word codes of the Chinese language. Since the
	4BP (squares, horizontal, vertical and miscellaneous [non-straight]
	strokes) can be recognized easily by anyone, be they Chinese or non-Chinese,
	there would be no barrier between a man and machine that makes use
	of the 4BP codes. By such means, Chinese culture could be extended
	to every corner of the world in a not distant future},
  doi = {10.1109/ICOSP.2000.891804},
  keywords = {character sets, user interfaces2R barrier, Chinese characters, Chinese
	culture, Chinese language, Radicals spelling, Roman spelling, character
	codes, four basic patterns, horizontal strokes, nonstraight strokes
	strokes, square strokes, vertical strokes, word codes},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{375791,
  author = {Aaron Weiss},
  title = {Strange bedfellows},
  journal = {netWorker},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {19--25},
  number = {2},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/375778.375791},
  issn = {1091-3556},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{330578,
  author = {Thomas G. West},
  title = {Smashing images---a review},
  journal = {SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph.},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {16--17},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {"In the eighth century, a sect arose from within the ranks of its
	highly literate clergy that so despised images that its members declared
	an all-out war against statues and paintings&hellip;. At first, they
	sought out only religious images to smash. Church mosaics, painted
	icons, and stained-glass artistry fell to their savage assaults.
	Later their targets also included painters, sculptors and craftsmen.
	They even murdered those whose crime it was to love art. Monks who
	resisted were blinded and had their tongues torn out. The iconoclasts
	beheaded the Patriach of the Eastern Chruch in 767 for refusing to
	support their cause."The iconoclast movement never spread to illiterate
	Western Europe; its madness consumed only the segment of Christendom
	that boasted the highest literacy rate. Artists fled for their lives
	from Byzantium, heading for the western court of Charlemagne whose
	largely illiterate courtiers welcomed them with open arms" (pp. 275-276)
	[1].},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/330572.330578},
  issn = {0097-8930},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 por naum apresentar abstract condizente ao tema, ou abstract
	desestruturado.}
}

@ARTICLE{1225114,
  author = {K. Wijndaele and L. Matton and N. Duvigneaud and J. Lefevre and W.
	Duquet and M. Thomis and I. De Bourdeaudhuij and R. Philippaerts},
  title = {Reliability, equivalence and respondent preference of computerized
	versus paper-and-pencil mental health questionnaires},
  journal = {Comput. Hum. Behav.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {1958--1970},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability, equivalence
	and respondent preference of a computerized version of the General
	Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), Medical
	Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOSSSS), Perceived Stress Scale
	(PSS) and Utrecht Coping List (UCL) in comparison with the original
	version in a general adult population. Internal consistency, equivalence
	and preference between both administration modes was assessed in
	a group of participants (n=130) who first completed the computerized
	questionnaire, followed by the traditional questionnaire and a post-assessment
	evaluation measure. Test-retest reliability was measured in a second
	group of participants (n=115), who completed the computerized questionnaire
	twice. In both groups, the interval between first and second administration
	was set at one week. Reliability of the PC versions was acceptable
	to excellent; internal consistency ranged from @a=0.52-0.98, ICC's
	for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.58-0.92. Equivalence was
	fair to excellent with ICC's ranging from 0.54-0.91. Interestingly,
	more subjects preferred the computerized instead of the traditional
	questionnaires (computerized: 39.2%, traditional: 21.6%, no preference:
	39.2%). These results support the use of computerized assessment
	for these five instruments in a general population of adults.},
  address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2006.02.005},
  issn = {0747-5632},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1073419,
  author = {Sandra Williams},
  title = {Language choice models for microplanning and readability},
  journal = {NAACL '03: Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American
	Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human
	Language Technology},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {13--18},
  abstract = {This paper describes the construction of language choice models for
	the microplanning of discourse relations in a Natural Language Generation
	system that attempts to generate appropriate texts for users with
	varying levels of literacy. The models consist of constraint satisfaction
	problem graphs that have been derived from the results of a corpus
	analysis. The corpus that the models are based on was written for
	good readers. We adapted the models for poor readers by allowing
	certain constraints to be tightened, based on psycholinguistic evidence.
	We describe how the design of microplanner is evolving. We discuss
	the compromises involved in generating more readable textual output
	and implications of our design for NLG architectures. Finally we
	describe plans for future work.},
  address = {Morristown, NJ, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1073416.1073419},
  location = {Edmonton, Canada},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar a simplificacao textual para usuarios com diferentes
	niveis de alfabetização
	
	DDDS por naum mencioanr a construcao de interfaces, mas de textos
	meramente.
	
	
	DDD2
	
	DDD2S por ser um dos temas do porsimples}
}

@ARTICLE{800622,
  author = {Theodore C. Willoughby},
  title = {Exposure, knowledge or skill the computer literacy dilemma},
  journal = {The Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Computer Personnel on Research
	Conference},
  year = {1983},
  pages = {75--78},
  abstract = {There was a time when computer knowledge was so esoteric that only
	specialists needed to be educated. Only large organizations had computers
	and skills were needed only by the professional staff. Now the scene
	has changed. Computers are being used in the smallest of firms. Today
	there are millions of computers in homes, and there are offices with
	more computers and/or terminals than employees. There is some possibility
	that in the future all financial transactions and much shopping will
	be done by computer. Thus it is obvious that computer literacy is
	needed by all people. The question is not whether but rather what
	kind of education is required. There are three levels of understanding
	that may be imparted in education. One can teach a subject to the
	level of a basic understanding or general knowledge. Or one can provide
	detailed knowledge. Finally, one can develop in the student the ability
	to make skillful use of the subject area. Music appreciation, counterpoint
	and private vocal lessons illustrate the differences in one field
	of study. In curriculum development in business we tend to solve
	the question of depth of knowledge this way. All students are required
	to have a general understanding of the business core and a detailed
	knowledge of a major field. In addition, we expect that skills be
	developed in communications and quantitative methods. We carried
	over this pattern into data processing. However, we didn't know whether
	DP was a quantitative area requiring skill development or not. Thus
	we have Introduction to Data Processing courses that develop a programming
	skill in some language and others that just talk about programming
	but don't do any of it. There is substantial disagreement among educators
	as to the correct course of action. This lack of agreement, as well
	as a belated entry into DP education, has resulted in a limited and
	uneven computer education in colleges of business. Our graduates
	vary from computer illiterate to very skillful user. What to do about
	this situation is the focus of this study.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800030.800622},
  isbn = {0-89791-122-9},
  location = {Charlottesville, Virginia, United States},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {AAA1 por mencionar construcao de interfaces para usuarios illiterarios
	de computacao.
	
	DDDS por naum mencionar usuarios iliterarios da lingua.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1300687,
  author = {Chauncey E. Wilson},
  title = {Inverse, reverse, and unfocused methods: variations on our standard
	tools of the trade},
  journal = {interactions},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {54--ff},
  number = {6},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1300655.1300687},
  issn = {1072-5520},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{997099,
  author = {Jane Wood and Alison Keen and Niren Basu and Simon Robertshaw},
  title = {The development of mobile applications for patient education},
  journal = {DUX '03: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Designing for user
	experiences},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {1--4},
  abstract = {The International Centre for Digital Content explores the relationship
	of technology to societyóthrough present and emerging applications.
	This paper outlines ICDCís rapid application development methodology,
	focusing specifically on a current project partnership with Healthcare
	Services. The aim of this project is to provide the Primary Care
	Group (PCG) healthcare specialists with a suite of interoperable
	devices that can provide breast cancer patients with personalized
	educational information at any point throughout the course of their
	treatment. The first phase of the project focuses on the development
	of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) prototype. The patient will
	have access to educational multimedia content relating to their condition
	at any time and in any context.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/997078.997099},
  isbn = {1-58113-728-1},
  location = {San Francisco, California},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS por poder mencionar o problema de usuarios com baixo grau de
	alfabetização.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{1351374,
  author = {Lilian Woudstra and Bart van den Hooff},
  title = {Inside the source selection process: Selection criteria for human
	information sources},
  journal = {Inf. Process. Manage.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {1267--1278},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Co-workers are an important source of information in organizations.
	Consequently, information managers seek to facilitate the use of
	such human information sources. Although various studies about what
	influences the use of human information sources in organizations
	exist, it is difficult for information managers to utilize insights
	from this research body. The studies have provided contradictory
	results regarding the role of accessibility and quality and suffer
	from various weaknesses. To address these weaknesses, several studies
	are employing other research methods. This study aims to contribute
	to the methodological development of this emerging new line of research
	by exploring the value of a think aloud approach to such studies.
	In addition, it aims to provide more insight into the role of accessibility
	and quality in the selection of human information sources in organizations.
	Fifty-six employees from four governmental organizations were asked
	to think aloud while selecting human information sources. The findings
	of this study corroborate those of studies taking a similar approach:
	source quality is the most dominant factor in the selection of human
	information sources. The think aloud approach seems a valuable contribution
	to available research methods to assess the role of accessibility
	and quality in human source selection in organizations.},
  address = {Tarrytown, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2007.07.004},
  issn = {0306-4573},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1323116,
  author = {Ka-Ping Yee},
  title = {Extending prerendered-interface voting software to support accessibility
	and other ballot features},
  journal = {EVT'07: Proceedings of the USENIX Workshop on Accurate Electronic
	Voting Technology},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {5--5},
  abstract = {This work builds on the prerendered user interface (PRUI) approach
	for high-assurance voting software with a new design that supports
	synchronized audio and visual output, as well as concurrent input
	from a touchscreen and an alternate input device. This new design
	offers access for voters with a range of disabilities while retaining
	the benefits of PRUI voting systems: the user interface can be independently
	designed and audited, and the software needing verification is much
	smaller and simpler. This paper discusses the challenges of supporting
	accessibility in this architecture, explains how these challenges
	were addressed, and describes the resulting design. To demonstrate
	the feasibility of this approach and to establish a point of reference
	for the simplicity of voting machine software, this design has been
	implemented as a program called Pvote, in 460 lines of Python.},
  address = {Berkeley, CA, USA},
  location = {Boston, MA},
  publisher = {USENIX Association},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.
	
	AAAS embora poder tratar do problema de usuarios com baixo grau de
	alfabetizaçaõ.
	
	
	DDD2}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhang2003,
  author = {Liang Zhang and Lee, M.K.O. and Zhe Zhang and Banerjee, P.},
  title = {Critical success factors of enterprise resource planning systems
	implementation success in China},
  journal = {System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International
	Conference on},
  year = {2003},
  pages = { 10 pp.-},
  month = {Jan.},
  abstract = {ERP implementation issues have been given much attention since two
	decades ago due to its low implementation success. Nearly 90 percent
	of ERP implementations are late or over budget (Martin, 1998) and
	the success rate with ERP implementation is about 33%. In China,
	the success rate of implementing ERP systems is extremely low at
	10% (Zhu and Ma, 1999) which is much lower than that in West countries.
	This study attempts to study critical success factors affecting enterprise
	resource planning (ERP) systems implementation success in China with
	focus on both generic and unique factors. User satisfaction and White's
	ABCD classification method are used to judge whether an ERP system
	implementation is a success or a failure. Survey methodology and
	structural equation modeling technique of PLS-graph are used to collect
	and analyze data. Discussions on the results of data analysis are
	made.},
  doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2003.1174613},
  issn = { },
  keywords = { DP management, data analysis, enterprise resource planning ABCD classification,
	China, PLS-graph, data analysis, enterprise resource planning systems,
	structural equation modeling, success factors, systems implementation,
	user satisfaction},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{305262,
  author = {Michelle X. Zhou and Steven K. Feiner},
  title = {Automated Visual Presentation: From Heterogeneous Information to
	Coherent Visual Discourse},
  journal = {J. Intell. Inf. Syst.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {205--234},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Automated visual presentation systems should be able to design effective
	presentations for heterogeneous (quantitative and qualitative) information.
	They should also be able to work in static or interactive environments
	and capable of employing a wide range of visual media and visual
	techniques. In this paper, we focus on three tasks in building visual
	production systems: establishing a thorough understanding of the
	presentation-related characteristics of domain-specific information;
	classifying several types of visual information and capturing their
	distinct syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic features; and formulating
	a set of design principles.
	
	
	We define a data-analysis taxonomy to characterize heterogeneous information.
	In addition, we have modeled presentation context information such
	as audience identity to produce user-centered visual design. To utilize
	and manipulate visual information, we have classified it into visual
	objects and visual tools based on its role in the visual production
	process. To guide the visual design process, we have formulated a
	set of design principles that ensure the expressiveness and effectiveness
	of a design. To test and evaluate our work, we have developed a prototype
	system called IMPROVISE based on the research results. We use examples
	generated by IMPROVISE to illustrate how it constructs visual presentations.},
  address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008685907948},
  issn = {0925-9902},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{1169031,
  author = {Lynette van Zijl},
  title = {South African sign language machine translation project},
  journal = {Assets '06: Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference
	on Computers and accessibility},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {233--234},
  abstract = {We describe the South African Sign Language Machine Translation project,
	and point out the role that the project is playing in the larger
	context of South African Sign Language and accessibility for the
	South African Deaf community.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1168987.1169031},
  isbn = {1-59593-290-9},
  location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.}
}

@ARTICLE{Zue2000,
  author = {Zue, V.W. and Glass, J.R.},
  title = {Conversational interfaces: advances and challenges},
  journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {88},
  pages = {1166-1180},
  number = {8},
  month = {Aug},
  abstract = {The past decade has witnessed the emergence of a new breed of human-computer
	interfaces that combines several human language technologies to enable
	humans to converse with computers using spoken dialogue for information
	access, creation and processing. In this paper, we introduce the
	nature of these conversational interfaces and describe the underlying
	human language technologies on which they are based. After summarizing
	some of the recent progress in this area around the world, we discuss
	development issues faced by researchers creating these kinds of systems
	and present some of the ongoing and unmet research challenges in
	this field},
  doi = {10.1109/5.880078},
  issn = {0018-9219},
  keywords = {natural language interfaces, reviews, speech-based user interfacesconversational
	interfaces, development issues, human language technologies, human-computer
	interfaces, information access, information creation, information
	processing, research challenges, speech understanding systems, spoken
	dialogue, spoken dialogue systems},
  owner = {watinha},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract.},
  timestamp = {2008.09.29}
}

@ARTICLE{560575,
  title = {Communications Policy and Information Technology: Promises, Problems,
	Prospects},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2002},
  abstract = {New technologies, although developed with optimism, often fall short
	of their predicted potential and create new problems. Communications
	technologies are no different. Their utopian proponents claim that
	universal access to advanced communications technologies can help
	to feed the hungry, cure the sick, educate the illiterate, improve
	the global standard of living, and ultimately bring about world peace.
	The sobering reality is that while communications technologies have
	a role to play in making the world a better place, the impact of
	any specific technological advance is likely to be modest.
	
	
	The limitations of new technologies are often not inherent in the
	technologies themselves but the result of regulatory or economic
	constraints. While the capability may exist to deliver any information
	anywhere in the world, many people lack the money to pay for it,
	the equipment to access it, the skills to use it, or even the knowledge
	that it might be useful to them. This book examines the complex ways
	in which communication technologies and policies affect the people
	whose lives they are intended to improve. The areas of discussion
	include Internet regulation, electronic voting and petitioning, monopoly
	and competition in communications markets, the future of wireless
	communications, and the concept of universal service.},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  editor = {Lorrie Faith Cranor and Shane M. Greenstein},
  isbn = {0262033003},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  review = {DDD1 por naum apresentar autores importados no sistema de busca.}
}

@ARTICLE{326417,
  title = {Product Review: Caldera Desktop Preview II},
  journal = {Linux J.},
  pages = {11},
  address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  editor = { Linux Journal Staff},
  issn = {1075-3583},
  publisher = {Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.},
  review = {DDD1 negado pela não menção de implementações de sistemas que visam
	usuários analfabetos no abstract sem abstract.
	
	
	DDDD}
}

@ARTICLE{1385569,
  title = {AVI '08: Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual
	interfaces},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2008},
  note = {General Chair-Stefano Levialdi},
  abstract = {The 9th edition of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces,
	(Naples on May 29--31 2008), follows in the tradition of previous
	editions, in hosting an impressive collection of contributions on
	the most diverse topics related to interaction, from design of interactive
	environments to new multi-touch interaction, from information visualization
	to presentation layout, from exploration of virtual spaces, to provision
	of services based on localisation in the real world, to name just
	a few.
	
	
	The main categories proposed for this edition of AVI were Interaction
	models and techniques, Interactive visualization, Interactive systems,
	and User interaction studies, and we were most pleased with a very
	good response from the interaction community on all of these subjects.
	We received 117 full papers, 36 poster papers and 18 demo papers.
	
	
	Each paper, independently of the category, was reviewed by 3 members
	of the Programme Committee, and in cases of controversy, discussions
	among the reviewers and with the Program Chairs ensued. In particular,
	the Demo Chair Phil Cox was instrumental in promoting and setting
	up the demo programme. The Programme Committee members were particularly
	attentive on evaluating both experimental and conceptual support
	for the statements in the papers and in many cases proposed effective
	ways to revise the papers In the end, 32 submissions were accepted
	as oral presentations, 42 as poster presentations, and 12 as demo
	presentations. All these contributions are included in these Proceedings.
	
	
	We think that this collection of works is a good representative of
	both the state of the art and of the vitality of the community interested
	in interaction at large, and we are proud to see many returning authors,
	who see AVI as the natural venue for disseminating their new ideas,
	as well as many new researchers, who test their achievements in a
	harsh competition. We hope to see more and more of these categories
	of authors in future AVIs.
	
	
	The scientific programme of AVI 2008 is completed by 3 excellent invited
	speeches, two tutorials and two workshops. This is the right place
	to acknowledge the contribution of all those who helped make AVI
	a successful event once again.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  isbn = {0-978-60558-141-5},
  location = {Napoli, Italy},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 conferencia.}
}

@ARTICLE{1328057,
  title = {ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory
	and practice of electronic governance},
  journal = {Não especificado},
  year = {2007},
  note = {Program Chair-Tomasz Janowski and Program Chair-Theresa A. Pardo},
  abstract = {Several years after the acceptance of Electronic Government by governments
	worldwide as part of their reform initiatives, there is a growing
	recognition that over-reliance on technology, insufficient collaboration
	in government, lack of emphasis on building human capacity and inadequate
	public consultation all limit possible benefits of such initiatives.
	As a result, the focus has been shifting from Electronic Government
	- technology-enabled improvements in government operations, to Electronic
	Governance - improvements in interactions between government and
	non-government stakeholders. Under the new focus, it is no longer
	acceptable to let technical or organizational issues drive these
	initiatives alone. Instead, a multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder,
	community-oriented approach is needed.
	
	
	This volume contains the papers presented at the 1st International
	Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (ICEGOV2007)
	which took place in Macao during 10-13 December 2007. ICEGOV2007
	was co-organized by the Center for Electronic Governance at United
	Nations University - International Institute for Software Technology
	(UNU-IIST-EGOV), the Center for Technology in Government, University
	at Albany, State University of New York, USA (CTG), and the United
	Nations Asian and Pacific Training Centre for Information and Communication
	Technology for Development (APCICT), Incheon, Republic of Korea.
	
	
	In a diverse international setting of networking and community-building,
	the conference brought together practitioners, developers and researchers
	from government, academia, industry and non-governmental organizations
	to share the latest findings in the theory and practice of Electronic
	Governance. The conference provided a unique opportunity for close
	interactions between the three categories of participants, so that
	each could benefit from the interaction with others. Government participants
	described concrete initiatives, lessons learned and the remaining
	challenges. In return, they learned about the latest research results,
	and how such results are implemented by industry and other governments
	to address the challenges they face. Industry and non-governmental
	participants demonstrated concrete technological and organizational
	solutions for governments. In return, they learned about the challenges
	faced by governments and the latest research findings available for
	developing solutions. Academic participants presented models, theories
	and frameworks which extend the understanding of Electronic Governance
	and upon which concrete solutions can be built. In return, they learned
	about the problems faced by governments, gaining access to concrete
	cases, and identifying opportunities to implement and deploy research
	prototypes.
	
	
	ICEGOV2007 benefited from invited talks from three well-known experts
	and practitioners: Sharon S. Dawes, Senior Fellow at the Center for
	Technology in Government, University at Albany, State University
	of New York, USA, and the President of the Digital Government Society
	of North America; Olu Agunloye, Executive Vice Chairman of the National
	eGovernment Strategies (NeGSt) Limited, Nigeria, and Guido Bertucci,
	Director of the Division for Public Administration and Development
	Management, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.
	The speakers represented academic, government and non-governmental
	perspectives on Electronic Governance.
	
	
	In addition, a series of six tutorial-workshop events was organized
	on various aspects of Electronic Governance: (1) Formal Engineering
	Methods for Electronic Governance by Jim Davies, Oxford University,
	UK and Tomasz Janowski, UNU-IIST-EGOV, Macao; (2) Interoperability
	in Electronic Government by Marijn Janssen, TU Delft, Netherlands,
	and Jochen Scholl, University of Washington, USA; (3) Knowledge Management
	in Public Administration by Maria Wimmer, University of Koblenz,
	Germany, and Roland Traunmüller, University of Linz, Austria; (4)
	Electronic Governance and Organizational Transformation by Theresa
	A. Pardo, CTG, University at Albany, SUNY, USA and Yuanfu Jiang,
	China National School of Administration, China; (5) Policy Development
	for Electronic Governance by Ik Jae Chung, University at Albany,
	SUNY, USA; and (6) Economics for Electronic Governance by Wojciech
	Cellary, Poznan University of Economics, Poland. Tutorials, held
	on Monday 10 December provided the audience with general foundations
	and basic understanding of the area, while the workshops, held on
	Thursday 13 December presented state-of-the-art research and applications.
	
	
	Regular paper sessions took place on Tuesday and Wednesday 11 and
	12 December, interleaved with panel discussions. The sessions comprised
	presentations of the papers submitted for the conference and accepted
	after a thorough, three-stage review by the International Program
	Committee: from abstracts, through full papers, to final papers.
	Altogether, 159 abstracts and 130 full papers were submitted from
	53 countries. A total of 97 papers were received from 27 developing
	countries: Argentina, Bangladesh, Benin, Brazil, China, Colombia,
	Egypt, Ghana, India, Iran, Kenya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Morocco,
	Mozambique, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Russia, Sri Lanka,
	Sudan, Syria, Thailand, Tunisia and Vietnam, and 61 from 26 developed
	countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, France,
	Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Macao,
	Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Serbia, Singapore, South Korea,
	Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK, United Arab Emirates and USA. Among
	159 submissions, 63 were research papers, 74 were practice papers
	and 22 were solutions papers. After review, 33 submissions were accepted
	as long (10 page) papers, 38 as short (4 page) papers, and 20 as
	posters (2 pages). The papers in the volume are organized into 18
	sections: one for invited papers, six for workshops, ten for regular
	papers and one for posters. Regular paper sessions cover a range
	of topics from e-Participation, Diffusion and Implementation, through
	Innovative Applications, Development and Rural e-Government, to Cases,
	Research and Applications.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  isbn = {978-1-59593-822-0},
  location = {Macao, China},
  publisher = {ACM},
  review = {DDD1 conferencia.}
}

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